Abstract:
A novel catalytic composition comprises at least one quaternary ammonium and/or phosphonium salt in which the anion is selected from the group formed by tetrafluoroborate, tetrachloroborate, hexafluorophosphate, hexafluoroantimonate, hexafluoroarsenate, trifluorosulphonate, fluorosulphonate, tetrachloroaluminate, dichlorocuprate, and trichlorozincate, and at least one complex of a transition metal from groups 8, 9 and 10, i.e., iron, ruthenium, cobalt, rhodium iridium, nickel, palladium and platinum. Application to total or selective hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds such as monoolefins, diolefins, acetylenic compounds, aromatic compounds, polynuclear aromatic compounds. Hydrogenation may be accompanied by isomerisation.
Abstract:
A hydroformylation process for unsaturated compounds such as monoolefins and diolefins is carried out in an ionic medium in which the catalytic species is dissolved, but in which the reaction products (aldehydes) formed are only slightly soluble or are insoluble. The ionic medium is liquid at a temperature below 90.degree. C. and comprises at least one quaternary ammonium and/or phosphonium cation and at least one anion which is preferably selected from the group formed by tetrafluoroborate when the cation is ammonium, hexafluorophosphate, hexafluoroantimonate, hexafluoroarsenate, perfluoroalkylsulphonates, fluorosulphonate, bis-perfluoroalkylsulphonyl amides or dichlorocuprate, tetrachlorocuprate, tetrachloroaluminate, or trichlorozincate. At the end of the reaction, the organic phase is separated out and the polar phase containing the catalyst is used again.
Abstract:
A novel non-aqueous catalytic composition comprises at least one quaternary ammonium and/or phosphonium salt in which the anion is selected from the group consisting of tetrafluoroborate, tetrachloroborate, hexafluorophosphate, hexafluoroantimonate, hexafluoroarsenate, trifluorosulphonate, fluorosulphonate, trifluoromethylsulphonate, trifluoroarsenate, dichlorocuprate, trichlorocuprate, tetrachlorocuprate, and trichlorozincate, and at least one complex of a transition metal from groups 8, 9 or 10, i.e., iron, ruthenium, colbalt, rhodium iridium, nickel, palladium and platinum. The catalyst can be used in a process of total or selective hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds such as monoolefins, diolefins, acetylene compounds, aromatic compounds, or polynuclear aromatic compounds. Hydrogenation may be accompanied by isomerisation.
Abstract:
A catalytic composition comprises at least one quaternary ammonium and/or phosphonium salt in which the anion is preferably selected from the group formed by tetrafluoroborate, tetrachloroborate, hexafluorophosphate, hexafluoroantimonate, hexafluoroarsenate, trifluorosulphonate, fluorosulphonate, tetrachloroaluminate, dichlorocuprate, and trichlorozincate, and at least one complex of a transition metal from groups 8, 9 and 10, i.e., iron, ruthenium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, nickel, palladium and platinum, is for the displacement of the double bond in olefins.
Abstract:
Novel group 4 organometallic compounds, supported on anions by means of at least one covalent metal-oxygen bond, are obtained by reaction of at least one borate or aluminum comprising at least one hydroxy group with at least one group 4 transition metal compound. These compounds are used in a catalytic composition implemented in an olefin oligomerization or polymerization method.
Abstract:
Novel group 4 organometallic compounds, supported on anions by means of at least one covalent metal-oxygen bond, are obtained by reaction of at least one borate or aluminium comprising at least one hydroxy group with at least one group 4 transition metal compound. These compounds are used in a catalytic composition implemented in an olefin oligomerization or polymerization method.
Abstract:
A catalyst containing a porous organic or mineral support and at least one active phase having at least one aluminum halide, at least one compound selected for quaternary ammonium halides and amine hydrohalides, and at least one cuprous compound, the support having been impregnated with the active phase, the catalyst essentially constituted by particles with an average diameter in the range 0.1 .mu.m to 150 .mu.m, and the support, before impregnation with the active phase, has a total pore volume in the range 0.1 cm.sup.3 /g and 6 cm.sup.3 /g.
Abstract:
A process for producing organolanthanides by reaction of a rare-earth metal with an unsaturated compound in an ether medium, the resultant compounds and the use of these compounds in organic synthesis and for catalysis is disclosed. The process is conducted at -80.degree. to +100.degree. C., in the absence of oxygen and any compound having active protons. The resultant compounds are useful as catalysts, e.g., in the hydrogenation of olefins and diolefins and in the polymerization thereof, and are useful as chemical intermediates.
Abstract:
The invention concerns a catalytic composition and a process for the dimerization, codimerization or oligomerization of olefins, said composition comprising a mixture of at least one bivalent nickel complex which contains two tertiary phosphine molecules, at least one nickel compound or complex compound which contains neither water nor phosphine, and at least one alkylaluminum halide. The mixture is particularly for use in ionic type non aqueous liquid compositions, such as those formed by quaternary ammonium halides and/or quaternary phosphonium halides with aluminum halides and/or alkylaluminum halides.
Abstract:
The invention is concerned with a process for the dimerization, co-dimerization and oligomerization of olefins with a catalytic composition resulting from mixing at least one quaternary ammonium halide and/or at least one quaternary phosphonium halide, at least one aluminum halide, at least one aromatic hydrocarbon and optionally an aluminium organometallic compound.