摘要:
In a device and a method for removing nitrogen oxides from the exhaust of an internal combustion engine which is operated predominantly with an excess of air, the internal combustion engine is assigned an exhaust system having a nitrogen oxide reduction catalytic converter which comprises two catalytic converter parts, whose reducing agent filling levels can be determined. Metering of a reducing-agent-containing additive into the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine takes place as a function of the reducing agent filling level of the first catalytic converter part and/or of the second catalytic converter part.
摘要:
In a device and a method for removing nitrogen oxides from the exhaust of an internal combustion engine which is operated predominantly with an excess of air, the internal combustion engine is assigned an exhaust system having a nitrogen oxide reduction catalytic converter which comprises two catalytic converter parts, whose reducing agent filling levels can be determined. Metering of a reducing-agent-containing additive into the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine takes place as a function of the reducing agent filling level of the first catalytic converter part and/or of the second catalytic converter part.
摘要:
In a method for operating an internal combustion engine, in particular an auto-ignition internal combustion engine, having at least one combustion chamber in which an air/fuel mixture is formed, and recirculated exhaust gas is admixed to the combustion air, a base setting of the exhaust gas recirculation rate is established as a function of a first characteristic operating variable, the exhaust gas recirculation rate is adjusted depending on at least one of the first and a second characteristic operating variable, and, in order to optimize combustion, the exhaust gas recirculation rate is adjusted a second time on the basis of a combustion noise measurement.
摘要:
The invention relates to a nozzle needle 4 of an injection nozzle 1, which is disposed within an injector housing and is biased against a housing shoulder 5 by way of a spring 2. A piezo-element 7 is between the spring 2 and the housing shoulder 5, to determine the nozzle needle path during opening and closing of the nozzle opening 3. For this purpose, the piezo-element 7 has two electrical connectors 8.1, 8.2 in the region of the faces 7.1, 7.2, respectively.
摘要:
In a method and apparatus for the cylinder-specific determination and control of a fuel injection quantity for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, the exhaust gas pressures of the cylinders of the internal combustion engine is recorded on a time-resolved, i.e. crankshaft angle-resolved, basis, and an exhaust gas pressure is calculated therefrom individually for each cylinder and used to determine the fuel quantity injected into the corresponding cylinder. In a comparison with a desired value the cylinder-specific actual fuel injection quantity error is then determined and used to set a corrected quantity of fuel to be injected into the corresponding cylinder.
摘要:
This invention relates to a small portable microprocessor based circuit (electronic module) that contains information about the user of the circuit that is known or inherently known by the user. The circuit is small enough to fit inside a thickened U.S. nickel and enables a user to perform secure transactions such as money transfers, information transfers, access control, etc. The electronic module is designed to be extremely secure both physically and electronically. Furthermore, the electronic module is useless to a person other than the designated user.
摘要:
In a method and apparatus for the cylinder-specific determination and control of a fuel injection quantity for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, the exhaust gas pressures of the cylinders of the internal combustion engine is recorded on a time-resolved, i.e. crankshaft angle-resolved, basis, and an exhaust gas pressure is calculated therefrom individually for each cylinder and used to determine the fuel quantity injected into the corresponding cylinder. In a comparison with a desired value the cylinder-specific actual fuel injection quantity error is then determined and used to set a corrected quantity of fuel to be injected into the corresponding cylinder.
摘要:
An arrangement for detecting the turbocharger rotational speed on internal-combustion engines is provided with at least one piezoelectric acceleration sensor fixed on the turbocharger and with an analyzing circuit having an analog filter arrangement for filtering the output signals of the acceleration sensor. The output signals of the filter arrangement are fed by way of a frequency-to-voltage converter in the form of an analog voltage, or directly in the form of frequency signals, as input signals to an electronic control unit of the internal-combustion engine or to a measuring and/or display unit. As a result, the turbocharger rotational speed can be detected at a reasonable cost with a small and robust arrangement suitable for mass production and requiring no constructional changes on the turbocharger.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method of operating a diesel engine having an engine controller which controls the operation of the diesel engine as a function of characteristic maps and permits rich/lean control of the diesel engine. The engine controller includes a computer which effects a changeover to rich or lean operation of the diesel engine as a function of predetermined changeover criteria, a sensor system which communicates with the computer and monitors parameters needed for changeover criteria, and a memory which communicates with the computer and in which the characteristic maps for operating the diesel engine are stored. The computer effects a changeover from lean to rich operation when all the changeover criteria in this respect are satisfied, and effects a change back from rich to lean operation when at least one of the changeover criteria in this respect is satisfied.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method and a corresponding apparatus for detecting the rotational speed of turbochargers, especially on internal combustion engines in motor vehicles, with the steps: recording the body sound (SE) of the turbocharger and analyzing the frequency spectrum (30, 31, 32, 33) of the recorded body sound (SE). According to the invention, in the analysis of the frequency spectrum several frequency signals (SD1, SD2, SD3) are determined, which represent possible rotational speeds of the turbocharger, an amplitude analysis of the recorded body sound (SE) is performed in order to determine an estimated value (SD-estimate) for the turbocharger speed, and the estimated value (SD-estimate) is correlated with the several frequency signals (SD1, SD2, SD3) in order to determine the frequency signal (SD2) as the actual turbocharger rotational speed (Dactual) which correlates with the greatest probability with the obtained estimate (SD-estimate).
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种用于检测涡轮增压器,特别是汽车内燃机的涡轮增压器的转速的方法和相应的装置,其特征在于:记录涡轮增压器的身体声音(S E) 分析记录的身体声音(S SUB> E)的频谱(30,31,32,33)。 根据本发明,在对频谱的分析中,确定了几个频率信号(S L1,S 2,D 3,S 3 3)),哪些 表示涡轮增压器的可能的转速,执行所记录的身体声音(S SUB)的振幅分析,以便确定估计值(S D D估计值),用于 涡轮增压器速度和估计值(S&gt; D估计)与几个频率信号(S SUB D 2,S 2,D 2,S 2 以确定作为与最大概率相关的实际涡轮增压器旋转速度(D <实际 SUB>)的频率信号(S SUB> D2 SUB>) 与所获得的估计(S&lt; D - 估计)。