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    High frequency HID lamp system
    1.
    发明授权
    High frequency HID lamp system 失效
    高频HID灯系统

    公开(公告)号：US5998939A

    公开(公告)日：1999-12-07

    申请号：US90596

    申请日：1998-06-04

    申请人： Mark Fellows ,  Gregory Nelson ,  Robertus A. J. Keyser ,  Dale E. Work ,  Josephus C. M. Hendricx ,  Oscar J. Deurloo ,  Aswin J. G. Linden ,  Peter A. Seinen ,  Andrew Jackson

    发明人： Mark Fellows ,  Gregory Nelson ,  Robertus A. J. Keyser ,  Dale E. Work ,  Josephus C. M. Hendricx ,  Oscar J. Deurloo ,  Aswin J. G. Linden ,  Peter A. Seinen ,  Andrew Jackson

    IPC分类号： H01J61/02 ,  H01J61/12 ,  H01J61/30 ,  H01J61/34 ,  H01J61/56 ,  H01J61/82 ,  H05B41/00 ,  H05B41/298 ,  H05B37/02

    CPC分类号： H01J61/125 ,  H01J61/025 ,  H01J61/30 ,  H01J61/34 ,  H01J61/56 ,  H01J61/827 ,  H05B41/00 ,  H05B41/2988

    摘要： A high pressure gas discharge lamp system includes a high pressure discharge lamp selected to have a lowest lamp resonant frequency above the audible, on a current basis above about 19 kHz and on a power basis of above about 38 kHz. The ballast circuit energizes the discharge device so as to have a fundamental frequency below the lowest lamp resonant frequency and above the audible, while keeping the magnitude of any harmonics above the lowest lamp resonant frequency sufficiently small so as to avoid acoustic resonance. By operating below the lowest lamp resonant frequency, greatly simplifying ballast construction and cost. According to one embodiment, the discharge vessel encloses a discharge space which is circular cylindrical and having a L:ID ratio of about 1:1 to maximize the lowest lamp resonant frequency. According to another embodiment, two or more discharge devices are operated concurrently by the ballast, each having a lowest lamp resonant frequency of above the audible, and the ballast operating frequency so as to increase light output while still avoiding acoustic resonance.

    摘要翻译： 高压气体放电灯系统包括高压放电灯，其被选择为在高于约19kHz的电流基础上以及高于约38kHz的功率基础上具有低于可听见的最低灯谐振频率。 镇流器电路使放电装置通电，使基频低于最低灯谐振频率和声音之上，同时保持高于最低灯谐振频率的任何谐波的幅度足够小，以避免声共振。 通过低于最低灯谐振频率的操作，极大地简化了镇流器的构造和成本。 根据一个实施例，放电容器包围圆柱形并具有大约1:1的L：ID比的放电空间，以最大化最低的灯谐振频率。 根据另一实施例，通过镇流器同时操作两个或更多个放电装置，每个镇流器具有低于可听见的最低灯谐振频率和镇流器工作频率，以便在仍然避免声共振的同时增加光输出。

    Catalysts and process to manufacture 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene
    6.
    发明授权
    Catalysts and process to manufacture 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene 有权
    催化剂和制备2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯的方法

    公开(公告)号：US08487145B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-07-16

    申请号：US13417582

    申请日：2012-03-12

    申请人： Mario Joseph Nappa ,  Andrew Jackson

    发明人： Mario Joseph Nappa ,  Andrew Jackson

    IPC分类号： C07C17/00

    CPC分类号： C07C17/25 ,  B01J23/26 ,  B01J35/1019 ,  C07C21/18

    摘要： Disclosed is a process for the manufacture of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene comprising: (a) contacting 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane with a catalyst comprised of chromium (III) oxide having a surface area of at least 150 m2/g and having an alkali metal loading of at least 7 milligrams of alkali metal per 100 square meters of catalyst surface area, to produce a product mixture comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and hydrogen fluoride; and (b) recovering said 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene from the product mixture produced in (a).

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种制备2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯的方法，包括：（a）将1,1,1,2,3-五氟丙烷与由表面积为 至少150m2 / g，并且每100平方米的催化剂表面积具有至少7毫克碱金属的碱金属负荷，以产生包含2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯和氟化氢的产物混合物; 和（b）从（a）中制备的产物混合物回收所述2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯。

    PRODUCTION PROCESSES AND SYSTEMS, COMPOSITIONS, SURFACTANTS, MONOMER UNITS, METAL COMPLEXES, PHOSPHATE ESTERS, GLYCOLS, AQUEOUS FILM FORMING FOAMS, AND FOAM STABILIZERS
    8.
    发明申请
    PRODUCTION PROCESSES AND SYSTEMS, COMPOSITIONS, SURFACTANTS, MONOMER UNITS, METAL COMPLEXES, PHOSPHATE ESTERS, GLYCOLS, AQUEOUS FILM FORMING FOAMS, AND FOAM STABILIZERS 失效
    生产过程和系统，组合物，表面活性剂，单体单元，金属络合物，磷酸酯，甘油，形成泡沫的水性膜和泡沫稳定剂

    公开(公告)号：US20120071689A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-03-22

    申请号：US13024836

    申请日：2011-02-10

    申请人： Janet Boggs ,  Stephan Brandstadter ,  John Chien ,  Vimal Sharma ,  E. Bradley Edwards ,  Vicki Hedrick ,  Andrew Jackson ,  Gregory Leman ,  Edward Norman ,  Robert Kaufman

    发明人： Janet Boggs ,  Stephan Brandstadter ,  John Chien ,  Vimal Sharma ,  E. Bradley Edwards ,  Vicki Hedrick ,  Andrew Jackson ,  Gregory Leman ,  Edward Norman ,  Robert Kaufman

    IPC分类号： C07C311/05

    CPC分类号： C07C311/09 ,  C07C69/653 ,  C07C311/13 ,  C07C311/24 ,  C07C311/48 ,  C07C323/12 ,  C11D1/004

    摘要： Production processes and systems are provided that include reacting halogenated compounds, dehalogenating compounds, reacting alcohol's, reacting olefins and a saturated compounds, reacting reactants having at least two —CF3 groups with reactants having cyclic groups, RF-compositions such as RF-intermediates, RF-surfactants, RF-monomers, RF-monomer units, RF-metal complexes, RF-phosphate esters, RF-glycols, RF-urethanes, and or RF-foam stabilizers. The RF portion can include at least two groups —CF3 groups, at least three —CF3 groups, and/or at least two —CF3 groups and at least two —CH2 groups. Detergents, emulsifiers, paints, adhesives, inks, wetting agents, foamers, and defoamers including the RF-surfactant composition are provided. Acrylics, resins, and polymers are provided that include a RF-monomer unit. Compositions are provided that include a substrate having a RF-composition thereover. Aqueous Film Forming Foam (“AFFF”) formulations are provided that can include RF-surfactants and/or RF-foam stabilizers are provided.

    摘要翻译： 提供了生产方法和系统，其包括使卤代化合物，脱卤化合物，醇反应，烯烃和饱和化合物反应，使具有至少两个-CF 3基团的反应物与具有环状基团的反应物反应，RF组合物如RF-中间体，RF 表面活性剂，RF单体，RF单体单元，RF-金属配合物，RF-磷酸酯，RF-二醇，RF-聚氨酯和/或RF-泡沫稳定剂。 RF部分可以包括至少两个基团-CF 3基团，至少三个-CF 3基团和/或至少两个-CF 3基团和至少两个-CH 2基团。 提供了洗涤剂，乳化剂，油漆，粘合剂，油墨，润湿剂，起泡剂和消泡剂，包括RF-表面活性剂组合物。 提供了包括RF单体单元的丙烯酸树脂，树脂和聚合物。 提供了包括其上具有RF组成的基底的组合物。 提供了可以包括RF-表面活性剂和/或RF泡沫稳定剂的水性成膜泡沫（“AFFF”）配方。

    PROCESS TO MANUFACTURE 2,3,3,3-TETRAFLUOROPROPENE
    9.
    发明申请
    PROCESS TO MANUFACTURE 2,3,3,3-TETRAFLUOROPROPENE 有权
    制备2,3,3,3-四氯丙烯的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20100312025A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-12-09

    申请号：US12792969

    申请日：2010-06-03

    申请人： MARIO JOSEPH NAPPA ,  Andrew Jackson

    发明人： MARIO JOSEPH NAPPA ,  Andrew Jackson

    IPC分类号： C07C17/23

    CPC分类号： C07C17/25 ,  C07C21/18

    摘要： Disclosed is a process for the manufacture of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene comprising: (a) dehydrofluorinating 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane in the presence of a dehydrofluorination catalyst comprised of chromium (III) oxide, and alkali metal, to produce a product mixture comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and less than 20 parts per hundred 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene; and (b) recovering said 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene from the product mixture produced in (a).

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种制备2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯的方法，包括：（a）在由氧化铬（III）组成的脱氟化氢催化剂存在下，将1,1,1,2,3-五氟丙烷脱氟化氢，和 碱金属，以制备包含2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯和少于20份/ 100,3,3,3-四氟-1-丙烯的产物混合物; 和（b）从（a）中制备的产物混合物回收所述2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯。

    Pour Point Depressant for Hydrocarbon Compositions
    10.
    发明申请
    Pour Point Depressant for Hydrocarbon Compositions 有权
    烃类组合物的倾点抑制剂

    公开(公告)号：US20090305926A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-12-10

    申请号：US12133927

    申请日：2008-06-05

    申请人： Margaret M. Wu ,  David J. Baillargeon ,  Andrew Jackson

    发明人： Margaret M. Wu ,  David J. Baillargeon ,  Andrew Jackson

    IPC分类号： C10L1/16

    CPC分类号： C10L1/1641 ,  C08F4/65912 ,  C08F4/65927 ,  C08F210/14 ,  C10L10/16 ,  C10M107/10 ,  C10M2205/028 ,  C10M2205/0285 ,  C10M2205/173 ,  C10M2209/084 ,  C10N2220/021 ,  C10N2220/022 ,  C10N2220/023 ,  C10N2230/02 ,  C10N2230/66 ,  C08F2500/17 ,  C10M2205/026 ,  C10M2205/0265

    摘要： Disclosed in one embodiment is a hydrocarbon blend made from 0.001 to 10 wt % of at least one poly-α-olefin, by weight of the blend, the at least one poly-α-olefin having a Kv100 within the range of from 10 to 3000 cSt and a molecular weight distribution within the range of from 1.0 to 4.5; and a base stock having a Kv100 below 20.0 cSt; wherein the at least one poly-α-olefin is present in an amount sufficient to lower the pour point of the blend by at least 5° C. relative to the pour point of the base stock. In certain embodiments the blend is formed by (a) reacting a catalyst composition and a feed containing at least two sets of α-olefins, wherein the first set of α-olefins is selected from C4 to C12 α-olefins and the second set of α-olefins is selected from C14 or larger α-olefins. The α-olefin feed may have a number average carbon number of at least 8 carbon atoms or greater.

    摘要翻译： 在一个实施方案中公开了一种烃混合物，其由0.001至10重量％的至少一种聚-α-烯烃（按共混物的重量计），至少一种聚-α-烯烃的Kv100在10〜 3000cSt，分子量分布范围为1.0-4.5; 和低于20.0cSt的Kv100的基础油; 其中所述至少一种聚-α-烯烃以足以将所述共混物的倾点相对于所述基础油料的倾点降至至少5℃的量存在。 在某些实施方案中，通过（a）催化剂组合物和含有至少两组α-烯烃的进料反应形成共混物，其中第一组α-烯烃选自C 4 -C 12α-烯烃，第二组 α-烯烃选自C14或更大的α-烯烃。 α-烯烃进料可以具有至少8个碳原子或更大的数均碳原子数。