摘要:
A semiconductor external modulator is disclosed in which the mode of polarization of incident light, the crystal plane of the substrate (the direction of application of an electrical field), the energy gap of the optical waveguide layer, and the direction of travel of light are determined so that, of variations in the real and imaginary parts of the refractive index of the optical waveguide layer which are caused by the application of the electric field to the semiconductor external optical modulator, the variation in the real part of the refractive index may be reduced to substantially zero.
摘要:
A method for manufacturing a semiconductor optical integrated device in which a semiconductor element A having an optical waveguide region and a semiconductor element B having another optical waveguide region are integrated on a single substrate. In accordance with the present invention, there is provided steps of growing the optical waveguide region of the semiconductor element A and a protective layer therefor are grown on the entire area of the substrate surface, selectively removing them from the substrate surface in the region to be ultimately occupied by the semiconductor element B, and forming in the region the optical waveguide region of the semiconductor element B through crystal growth.
摘要:
A semiconductor optical modulator is disclosed which is capable of high-speed modulation without the necessity of increasing the modulating voltage. The present invention has its feature in that the carrier density of the clad layer adjoining the optical waveguide layer 3 is gradually raised toward the p-n junction or Schottky junction, thereby increasing the width of the depletion layer to decrease the junction capacitance.
摘要:
An avalanche photodiode with a quantum well layer in which a thin film, periodic multilayer structure composed of two different semiconductors is formed in a carrier multiplying region, the effective ionization coefficient ratio of carriers is raised by a quantum well layer formed by the thin film, multilayer periodic structure, and only electrons of large ionization coefficient are injected into the multiplying region, thereby to reduce noise in the APD.
摘要:
A semiconductor light emitting element is disclosed, which is provided with a light emitting region having a diffraction grating formed by periodic corrugations, a modulation region having an external waveguide layer optically connected directly to the light emitting region and a pn junction separated from a pn junction of the light emitting region and a window region formed of a semiconductor having a larger energy gap than that of a light emitting layer of the light emitting region and extending from at least one end of the light emitting region and the external waveguide layer. The refractive index of the external waveguide is varied through utilization of the electrooptic effect so that the frequency or phase of light stably oscillating at a single wavelength is precisely controlled or modulated. In particular, when the window region is formed only outside the light emitting region, frequency modulation is carried out, and when the window region is formed at least outside the modulation region, phase modulation takes place.
摘要:
An optical modulation element is disclosed in which a diffraction grating is formed along a waveguide for guiding unmodulated incident light and inclined to the direction of travel of the light, and a structure is provided for changing the refractive index of the waveguide portion where the diffraction grating is formed. the refractive index of the waveguide portion can be effected by voltage application, by current injection or by light irradiation.
摘要:
A semiconductor device with a distributed Bragg reflector is disclosed, in which periodic corrugations are formed between two semiconductor layers along the direction of travel of light. In accordance with the present invention, the periodic corrugations are formed by grid-like layers of a refractory material. The refractory material is an insulator, a refractory metal or a laminate member of an insulator and a refractory metal.
摘要:
There is disclosed a light emitting device comprising at least a semiconductor laser and an optical modulating element for modulating the output light from the semiconductor laser. In accordance with the present invention, a capacitive element for suppressing noise of the semiconductor laser arising from reflected light is disposed in parallel relation to current injection terminals of the semiconductor laser.
摘要:
A 1.3 .mu.m-band optical amplifier includes an optical amplifying fiber doped with Yb ion for emitting light in 1.02 .mu.m band by pumping of the 0.98 .mu.m band light and Pr ion for amplifying signal light by pumping of the 1.02 .mu.m band light. Both ends of the optical amplifying fiber are connected to optical fiber gratings for selectively reflecting 1.02 .mu.m band light via matching connecting members and tapered core optical fibers. The optical fiber gratings form a 1.02 .mu.m-band resonator. A Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) optical coupler multiplexes the signal light and pumping light from an pumping laser and supplies the thus-multiplexed light to the optical fiber grating. The pumping laser comprises a laser device which causes laser oscillation at 0.98 .mu.m. A 1.5 .mu.m-band optical amplifier having a similar configuration is also disclosed.