公开(公告)号：USRE41938E1

公开(公告)日：2010-11-16

申请号：US12459542

申请日：2009-07-02

申请人： Nazim Muradov

发明人： Nazim Muradov

IPC分类号： C11D9/20 ,  C11D7/26 ,  C11D7/20

CPC分类号： B01J35/004 ,  C04B41/5041 ,  C04B41/5049 ,  C04B2111/2061 ,  C11D3/0063 ,  C11D3/40 ,  C11D7/02 ,  C11D7/10 ,  C11D7/16 ,  C11D7/20 ,  C11D7/265 ,  C11D7/5004 ,  C11D11/0052 ,  C04B41/4539 ,  C04B41/5122 ,  C04B2103/54 ,  C04B41/505 ,  C04B41/5079 ,  C04B41/5085

摘要： Methods, compositions and kits for masking and subsequent removal of oil, grease, rust and other stains from a variety of rough solid surfaces, including, but not limited to stone, concrete, asphalt, stucco brick, and ceramic. The methods include coating the stains with an opaque or translucent thin film of a composition that makes the stain practically indistinguishable against the background, exposing the coated stain to the elements, such as, sunlight, air, moisture, resulting in spontaneous transformation, degradation and subsequent removal of the stains from the solid surfaces. The compositions include a photocatalyst by itself or the photocatalyst combined with at least one of, a sensitizer, a dopant, a mediator, a co-reagent, a pigment and a binder. The role of a photocatalyst is to produce highly reactive species or radicals and initiate the degradation of a stain upon exposure to elements, such as, sunlight, air and ambient humidity. Artificial light sources can be used instead of sunlight.

摘要翻译： 用于掩蔽和随后从各种粗糙固体表面除去油，油脂，锈和其他污渍的方法，组合物和试剂盒，包括但不限于石，混凝土，沥青，灰泥砖和陶瓷。 所述方法包括用不透明或半透明的组合物薄膜涂覆污渍，使得染色实际上与背景无法区分，将涂覆的污渍暴露于诸如阳光，空气，水分的元素，导致自发转化，降解和 随后从固体表面除去污渍。 组合物包括其自身的光催化剂或与敏化剂，掺杂剂，介体，共试剂，颜料和粘合剂中的至少一种组合的光催化剂。 光催化剂的作用是产生高度反应性的物质或自由基，并且在暴露于诸如阳光，空气和环境湿度的元素时引发污点的降解。 可以使用人造光源代替阳光。

公开(公告)号：US20070181167A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-09

申请号：US11710338

申请日：2007-02-23

申请人： Nazim Muradov

发明人： Nazim Muradov

IPC分类号： B08B7/00

CPC分类号： B01J35/004 ,  C04B41/5041 ,  C04B41/5049 ,  C04B2111/2061 ,  C11D3/0063 ,  C11D3/40 ,  C11D7/02 ,  C11D7/10 ,  C11D7/16 ,  C11D7/20 ,  C11D7/265 ,  C11D7/5004 ,  C11D11/0052 ,  C04B41/4539 ,  C04B41/5122 ,  C04B2103/54 ,  C04B41/505 ,  C04B41/5079 ,  C04B41/5085

摘要： Methods, compositions and kits for masking and subsequent removal of oil, grease, rust and other stains from a variety of rough solid surfaces, including, but not limited to stone, concrete, asphalt, stucco brick, and ceramic. The methods include coating the stains with an opaque or translucent thin film of a composition that makes the stain practically indistinguishable against the background, exposing the coated stain to the elements, such as, sunlight, air, moisture, resulting in spontaneous transformation, degradation and subsequent removal of the stains from the solid surfaces. The compositions include a photocatalyst by itself or the photocatalyst combined with at least one of, a sensitizer, a dopant, a mediator, a co-reagent, a pigment and a binder. The role of a photocatalyst is to produce highly reactive species or radicals and initiate the degradation of a stain upon exposure to elements, such as, sunlight, air and ambient humidity. Artificial light sources can be used instead of sunlight.

摘要翻译： 用于掩蔽和随后从各种粗糙固体表面除去油，油脂，锈和其他污渍的方法，组合物和试剂盒，包括但不限于石，混凝土，沥青，灰泥砖和陶瓷。 所述方法包括用不透明或半透明的组合物薄膜涂覆污渍，使得染色实际上与背景无法区分，将涂覆的污渍暴露于诸如阳光，空气，水分的元素，导致自发转化，降解和 随后从固体表面除去污渍。 组合物包括其自身的光催化剂或与敏化剂，掺杂剂，介体，共试剂，颜料和粘合剂中的至少一种组合的光催化剂。 光催化剂的作用是产生高度反应性的物质或自由基，并且在暴露于诸如阳光，空气和环境湿度的元素时引发污点的降解。 可以使用人造光源代替阳光。

公开(公告)号：US07914683B1

公开(公告)日：2011-03-29

申请号：US12631394

申请日：2009-12-04

申请人： Nazim Muradov

发明人： Nazim Muradov

IPC分类号： C02F1/42

CPC分类号： B82Y40/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01B32/162 ,  C01B32/18 ,  C01B32/30 ,  C01B32/366 ,  C01B32/372 ,  C01B32/382 ,  C02F1/681 ,  Y10S210/924

摘要： Hydrogen generator coupled to or integrated with a fuel cell for portable power applications. Hydrogen is produced via thermocatalytic decomposition (cracking, pyrolysis) of hydrocarbon fuels in oxidant-free environment. The apparatus can utilize a variety of hydrocarbon fuels, including natural gas, propane, gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel, crude oil (including sulfurous fuels). The hydrogen-rich gas produced is free of carbon oxides or other reactive impurities, so it could be directly fed to any type of a fuel cell. The catalysts for hydrogen production in the apparatus are carbon-based or metal-based materials and doped, if necessary, with a sulfur-capturing agent. Additionally disclosed are two novel processes for the production of two types of carbon filaments, and a novel filamentous carbon product. Carbon particles with surface filaments having a hydrophobic property of oil film absorption, compositions of matter containing those particles, and a system for using the carbon particles for cleaning oil spills.

摘要翻译： 与用于便携式电力应用的燃料电池连接或集成的氢发生器。 在无氧化剂的环境中，通过烃燃料的热分解（裂解，热解）产生氢。 该装置可以利用各种烃燃料，包括天然气，丙烷，汽油，煤油，柴油，原油（包括亚硫燃料）。 产生的富氢气体不含碳氧化物或其他反应性杂质，因此可直接供给任何类型的燃料电池。 在装置中用于氢气生产的催化剂是碳基或金属基材料，如果需要，可以用硫捕获剂掺杂。 另外公开了用于生产两种类型的碳丝的两种新方法和一种新的丝状碳产物。 具有油膜吸收疏水性的表面细丝的碳粒子，含有这些粒子的物质的组成，以及使用碳粒子清洗漏油的系统。

公开(公告)号：US20070111051A1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-17

申请号：US11648453

申请日：2006-12-29

申请人： Nazim Muradov

发明人： Nazim Muradov

IPC分类号： H01M8/06 ,  C01B3/26 ,  B01J19/00 ,  B01J8/02 ,  B01J8/00

CPC分类号： H01M8/0631 ,  B01J8/0055 ,  B01J8/24 ,  B01J8/26 ,  B01J8/28 ,  B01J8/388 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  B01J21/18 ,  B01J2208/00176 ,  B01J2208/00256 ,  B01J2208/00274 ,  B01J2219/00006 ,  C01B3/26 ,  C01B3/28 ,  C01B3/30 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C01B3/501 ,  C01B3/506 ,  C01B3/52 ,  C01B3/56 ,  C01B32/05 ,  C01B2203/0277 ,  C01B2203/04 ,  C01B2203/0405 ,  C01B2203/0415 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/048 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/0827 ,  C01B2203/10 ,  C01B2203/1041 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1247 ,  C01B2203/148 ,  H01M8/0612 ,  H01M8/0618 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  Y02P20/584

摘要： This invention relates to a novel process for sustainable CO2-free production of hydrogen and carbon by thermocatalytic decomposition (or dissociation, pyrolysis, cracking) of hydrocarbon fuels over carbon-based catalysts in the absence of air and/or water. The process is applicable to any hydrocarbon fuel, including sulfurous fuels. Combination of a catalytic reactor with a gas separation unit allows to produce high purity hydrogen (at least, 99.0 v%) completely free of carbon oxides. In a preferred embodiment, sustainable continuous production of hydrogen and carbon is achieved by both internal and external activation of carbon catalysts. Internal activation of carbon catalyst is accomplished by recycling of hydrogen-depleted gas containing unsaturated and aromatic hydrocarbons back to the reactor. External activation can be achieved via surface gasification of carbon catalysts by hot combustion gases during catalyst heating. The process can conveniently be integrated with any type of fuel cell.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种通过在不存在空气的情况下通过碳基催化剂的烃燃料的热分解（或解离，裂解，裂化）来生产氢和碳的可持续的无CO 2的新方法，以及 /或水。 该方法适用于任何碳氢燃料，包括含硫燃料。 催化反应器与气体分离单元的组合允许产生完全不含碳氧化物的高纯度氢（至少99.0v％）。 在优选的实施方案中，通过碳催化剂的内部和外部活化来实现可持续的氢和碳的连续生产。 碳催化剂的内部活化是通过将含有不饱和烃和芳族烃的贫氢气回流回反应器来完成的。 可以通过在催化剂加热期间通过热燃烧气体的碳催化剂的表面气化来实现外部活化。 该方法可以方便地与任何类型的燃料电池集成。

公开(公告)号：US20060276360A1

公开(公告)日：2006-12-07

申请号：US11145115

申请日：2005-06-03

申请人： Nazim Muradov

发明人： Nazim Muradov

IPC分类号： C04B41/53

CPC分类号： B01J35/004 ,  C04B41/5041 ,  C04B41/5049 ,  C04B2111/2061 ,  C11D3/0063 ,  C11D3/40 ,  C11D7/02 ,  C11D7/10 ,  C11D7/16 ,  C11D7/20 ,  C11D7/265 ,  C11D7/5004 ,  C11D11/0052 ,  C04B41/4539 ,  C04B41/5122 ,  C04B2103/54 ,  C04B41/505 ,  C04B41/5079 ,  C04B41/5085

摘要： Methods, compositions and kits for masking and subsequent removal of oil, grease, rust and other stains from a variety of rough solid surfaces, including, but not limited to stone, concrete, asphalt, stucco brick, and ceramic. The methods include coating the stains with an opaque or translucent thin film of a composition that makes the stain practically indistinguishable against the background, exposing the coated stain to the elements, such as, sunlight, air, moisture, resulting in spontaneous transformation, degradation and subsequent removal of the stains from the solid surfaces. The compositions include a photocatalyst by itself or the photocatalyst combined with at least one of, a sensitizer, a dopant, a mediator, a co-reagent, a pigment and a binder. The role of a photocatalyst is to produce highly reactive species or radicals and initiate the degradation of a stain upon exposure to elements, such as, sunlight, air and ambient humidity. Artificial light sources can be used instead of sunlight.

摘要翻译： 用于掩蔽和随后从各种粗糙固体表面除去油，油脂，锈和其他污渍的方法，组合物和试剂盒，包括但不限于石，混凝土，沥青，灰泥砖和陶瓷。 所述方法包括用不透明或半透明的组合物薄膜涂覆污渍，使得染色实际上与背景无法区分，将涂覆的污渍暴露于诸如阳光，空气，水分的元素，导致自发转化，降解和 随后从固体表面除去污渍。 组合物包括其自身的光催化剂或与敏化剂，掺杂剂，介体，共试剂，颜料和粘合剂中的至少一种组合的光催化剂。 光催化剂的作用是产生高度反应性的物质或自由基，并且在暴露于诸如阳光，空气和环境湿度的元素时引发污点的降解。 可以使用人造光源代替阳光。

公开(公告)号：US09263756B1

公开(公告)日：2016-02-16

申请号：US11732794

申请日：2007-04-04

申请人： Cunping Huang ,  Ruichun Jiang ,  Mohamed Elbaccouch ,  Nazim Muradov ,  James M. Fenton

发明人： Cunping Huang ,  Ruichun Jiang ,  Mohamed Elbaccouch ,  Nazim Muradov ,  James M. Fenton

IPC分类号： H01M8/06 ,  H01M8/10 ,  H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/0668 ,  C25B1/00 ,  C25B1/02 ,  C25B15/08 ,  H01M8/04126 ,  H01M8/0662 ,  H01M8/0675 ,  H01M8/1018 ,  H01M16/00 ,  H01M2008/1095

摘要： An electrochemical water gas shift system for removing low level carbon monoxide from hydrogen stream. The system including an electrolyzer having a porous anode for absorbing carbon monoxide from a hydrogen stream as a feed stream for a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell for generating an electrical energy, a small portion of electricity generated by the fuel cell is applied to the electrolyzer to convert carbon monoxide adsorbed in the porous anode to carbon dioxide and hydrogen via an electrochemical gas shift reaction without oxygen or air input. In an embodiment, the system includes a first electrolyzer operating as a CO adsorber and a second electrolyzer connected in parallel with the first electrolyzer operating as a CO remover. Two electrolyzers can be operated alternatively as CO adsorber and CO remover.

摘要翻译： 一种用于从氢气流中去除低浓度一氧化碳的电化学水煤气变换系统。 该系统包括具有用于从氢气流吸收一氧化碳的多孔阳极的电解器，作为用于产生电能的聚合物电解质膜燃料电池的进料流，将由燃料电池产生的小部分电力施加到电解器 通过无氧或空气输入的电化学气体转换反应将吸附在多孔阳极中的一氧化碳转化为二氧化碳和氢气。 在一个实施例中，系统包括作为CO吸附器操作的第一电解器和与作为CO去除器操作的第一电解器并联​​连接的第二电解器。 可以使用两个电解槽作为CO吸附剂和CO去除剂。

公开(公告)号：US08207081B1

公开(公告)日：2012-06-26

申请号：US12715759

申请日：2010-03-02

申请人： Cunping Huang ,  Weifeng Yao ,  Nazim Muradov ,  Ali Raissi

发明人： Cunping Huang ,  Weifeng Yao ,  Nazim Muradov ,  Ali Raissi

IPC分类号： B01J27/047 ,  B01J27/043 ,  B01J27/045 ,  B01J23/00

CPC分类号： B01J23/6522 ,  B01J23/40 ,  B01J23/60 ,  B01J35/0013 ,  B01J35/004 ,  B01J37/0219 ,  B01J37/0221 ,  B01J37/035 ,  B01J37/16

摘要： A novel M—Pd—Cr2O3 (M═Pt, Ru, Rh, Os, Au and Ag) nanocomposite cocatalysts and its preparation method. The cocatalysts loaded on CdS photocatalyst enhances the photocatalytic activities toward H2 evolution from aqueous solutions (NH4)2SO3, a regenerable electron donor, under sunlight radiation. An embodiment provides a new and facile method and system for the preparation of M—Pd—Cr2O3 nanocomposite cocatalysts at room temperature. Pd—Cr2O3 loaded CdS photocatalyst has higher hydrogen evolution activity than that of a plain Pd metal loaded CdS and its performance is comparable to that of Pt/CdS photocatalyst. Formation of a Pd—Cr2O3 composite with reduced size of nanoparticles results in an increase in the photocatalyst activity for H2 evolution.

摘要翻译： 一种新型的M-Pd-Cr2O3（M = Pt，Ru，Rh，Os，Au和Ag）纳米复合助催化剂及其制备方法。 负载在CdS光催化剂上的助催化剂增强了在阳光辐射下从水溶液（NH4）2SO3（可再生电子给体）中向H2逸出的光催化活性。 一个实施例提供了一种用于在室温下制备M-Pd-Cr2O3纳米复合助催化剂的新颖且简便的方法和系统。 Pd-Cr2O3负载的CdS光催化剂具有比平坦Pd金属负载的CdS更高的析氢活性，其性能与Pt / CdS光催化剂相当。 形成具有减小尺寸的纳米颗粒的Pd-Cr2O3复合物导致用于H 2析出的光催化剂活性的增加。

公开(公告)号：US08003055B1

公开(公告)日：2011-08-23

申请号：US12038210

申请日：2008-02-27

申请人： Nazim Muradov

发明人： Nazim Muradov

IPC分类号： G01J1/48 ,  G01N7/00 ,  G01N21/00 ,  G01N27/00 ,  G01N31/00 ,  G01N33/00 ,  G01N30/96 ,  G01N31/12 ,  G01N21/75 ,  G01N31/22 ,  G01N33/52 ,  G01N33/497 ,  G01N9/00

CPC分类号： G01N33/52 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  G01N21/783 ,  G01N31/22 ,  G01N33/54346 ,  Y10T436/22 ,  Y10T442/20 ,  Y10T442/2033 ,  Y10T442/2508

摘要： Methods, processes and compositions are provided for a visual or chemochromic hydrogen-detector with variable or tunable reversible color change. The working temperature range for the hydrogen detector is from minus 100° C. to plus 500° C. A hydrogen-sensitive pigment, including, but not limited to, oxides, hydroxides and polyoxo-compounds of tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, chromium and combinations thereof, is combined with nano-sized metal activator particles and preferably, coated on a porous or woven substrate. In the presence of hydrogen, the composition rapidly changes its color from white or light-gray or light-tan to dark gray, navy-blue or black depending on the exposure time and hydrogen concentration in the medium. After hydrogen exposure ceases, the original color of the hydrogen-sensitive pigment is restored, and the visual hydrogen detector can be used repeatedly. By changing the composition of the hydrogen-sensitive pigment, the time required for its complete regeneration is varied from a few seconds to several days.

摘要翻译： 为可视化或化学色氢检测器提供了可变或可调的可逆颜色变化的方法，过程和组成。 氢气检测器的工作温度范围为负100°C至加500°C。一种氢敏颜料，包括但不限于钨，钼，钒，铬的氧化物，氢氧化物和多氧化合物，以及 其组合与纳米尺寸的金属活化剂颗粒结合，优选涂覆在多孔或编织基材上。 在氢的存在下，根据曝光时间和介质中的氢浓度，组合物将其颜色从白色或浅灰色或浅棕色迅速变为深灰色，海蓝色或黑色。 氢曝露停止后，恢复氢敏颜料的原色，可以重复使用视觉氢检测器。 通过改变氢敏颜料的组成，其完全再生所需的时间从几秒到几天变化。

公开(公告)号：US20080289951A1

公开(公告)日：2008-11-27

申请号：US12092674

申请日：2006-06-27

申请人： Cunping Huang ,  Ali Tabatabaie-Raissi ,  Nazim Muradov

发明人： Cunping Huang ,  Ali Tabatabaie-Raissi ,  Nazim Muradov

IPC分类号： C01B17/44 ,  C01B3/54 ,  C01B13/02 ,  C01B3/08

CPC分类号： C01B3/042 ,  C01B3/06 ,  C01B13/0207 ,  Y02E60/364 ,  Y02P20/134

摘要： A method for the production of hydrogen via thermochemical water splitting includes the steps of providing an ammonium sulfite compound, dissolving the ammonium sulfite in water, and oxidizing the aqueous ammonium sulfite solution, wherein hydrogen is produced as a water reduction product associated with the oxidation. If purified air is used instead for the oxidation of aqueous ammonium sulfite solution, the method produces oxygen from the purified air. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the oxidation is a photooxidation. Light for the photoxidation can be provide by a direct light source, such as solar energy, or indirectly from conversion of electrical energy to light, such as using a UV or visible light lamp. Electrical energy can be provided by a variety of sources, including low cost sources comprising wind driven, water driven (hydroelectric), or nuclear power.

摘要翻译： 通过热化学水分解生产氢气的方法包括提供亚硫酸铵化合物，将亚硫酸铵溶解在水中并氧化亚硫酸氢铵水溶液的步骤，其中产生氢作为与氧化相关的减水产物。 如果使用净化空气来代替亚硫酸铵水溶液的氧化，则该方法从净化空气中产生氧气。 在本发明的优选实施方案中，氧化是光氧化反应。 用于光氧化的光可以通过诸如太阳能的直接光源提供，或者可以间接地将电能转换成光，例如使用UV或可见光灯。 电能可以由各种来源提供，包括包括风力驱动，水驱（水力发电）或核能的低成本来源。

公开(公告)号：US06653005B1

公开(公告)日：2003-11-25

申请号：US09851025

申请日：2001-05-08

申请人： Nazim Muradov

发明人： Nazim Muradov

IPC分类号： H01M800

CPC分类号： B01J8/0492 ,  B01J8/009 ,  B01J8/0214 ,  B01J8/0221 ,  B01J8/025 ,  B01J8/0278 ,  B01J8/0285 ,  B01J8/0469 ,  B01J8/0496 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  B01J2208/00123 ,  B01J2208/00398 ,  B01J2208/00415 ,  B01J2208/00495 ,  B01J2208/00504 ,  B01J2208/025 ,  C01B3/26 ,  C01B2203/0277 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/085 ,  C01B2203/1041 ,  C01B2203/1058 ,  C01B2203/1247 ,  C01B2203/142 ,  H01M8/0612 ,  H01M8/0662 ,  Y10T428/2918 ,  Y10T428/292 ,  Y10T428/2982 ,  Y10T428/30

摘要： A compact hydrogen generator is coupled to or integrated with a fuel cell for portable power applications. Hydrogen is produced via thermocatalytic decomposition (cracking, pyrolysis) of hydrocarbon fuels in oxidant-free environment. The apparatus can utilize a variety of hydrocarbon fuels, including natural gas, propane, gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel, crude oil (including sulfurous fuels). The hydrogen-rich gas produced is free of carbon oxides or other reactive impurities, so it could be directly fed to any type of a fuel cell. The catalysts for hydrogen production in the apparatus are carbon-based or metal-based materials and doped, if necessary, with a sulfur-capturing agent. Additionally disclosed are two novel processes for the production of two types of carbon filaments, and a novel filamentous carbon product. The hydrogen generator can be conveniently integrated with high temperature fuel cells to produce an efficient and self-contained source of electrical power.

摘要翻译： 紧凑型氢气发生器与用于便携式电力应用的燃料电池耦合或集成。 在无氧化剂的环境中，通过烃燃料的热分解（裂解，热解）产生氢。 该装置可以利用各种烃燃料，包括天然气，丙烷，汽油，煤油，柴油，原油（包括亚硫燃料）。 产生的富氢气体不含碳氧化物或其他反应性杂质，因此可直接供给任何类型的燃料电池。 在装置中用于氢气生产的催化剂是碳基或金属基材料，如果需要，可以用硫捕获剂掺杂。 另外公开了用于生产两种类型的碳丝的两种新方法和一种新的丝状碳产物。 氢发生器可以方便地与高温燃料电池集成，以产生高效且独立的电力来源。