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公开(公告)号：US4612938A
公开(公告)日：1986-09-23
申请号：US529853
申请日：1983-09-06
CPC分类号： A61B1/307 , A61B1/06 , A61B5/0071 , A61N5/0601 , A61N5/062 , G02B23/2469 , G02B6/0005 , A61B1/043 , A61B1/0638 , A61B1/0646 , A61B2017/22059 , A61B2018/2261 , A61B5/0084 , A61N2005/061
摘要： The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for the uniform and simultaneous illumination by means of radiation of the interior surfaces of cavities for the purpose of observation and/or irradiation. In particular, such cavities may be not only hollow organ cavities, but also cavities in non-organic objects. The solution provides that the interior of the cavities is filled, at least in part, with a light scattering or dispersing medium and the dispersing medium is caused to shine or scatter light by means of one or a plurality of radiations or scattered light. With the integral irradiation used according to the present invention, two procedures are combined technologically, namely diagnosis and therapy of, for example, carcinoma in organ cavities which have been photosensitized by chemical substances, possibly on the basis of differences in decomposition of cancerous and normal tissue.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过用于观察和/或照射的目的的空腔内表面的辐射来均匀并同时照明的方法和装置。 特别地，这样的空腔不仅可以是中空器官空腔，还可以是非有机物体中的空腔。 该解决方案提供了空腔的内部至少部分地用光散射或分散介质填充，并且通过一个或多个辐射或散射光使分散介质发光或散射光。 利用根据本发明使用的积分辐射，两种方法在技术上相结合，例如，可以根据癌细胞和正常分化的差异，在化学物质已被光敏化的器官腔中的癌症的诊断和治疗 组织。
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2.发明授权Apparatus for generating various laser wavelengths from the same laser medium 失效用于从相同激光介质产生各种激光波长的装置
公开(公告)号：US4920541A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-24
申请号：US357654
申请日：1989-05-25
CPC分类号： H01S3/082 , H01S3/08004 , H01S3/08086 , H01S3/107
摘要： An apparatus for producing various laser wavelengths from the same laser medium by means of resonator mirrors. In accordance with the apparatus any desired, given combination of laser wavelengths can be brought to emission simultaneously or at least in very rapid alternation (switching time 1 ms) with the use of standard resonator mirrors linearly arranged outside of a laser medium, with part of at least one of the resonator mirrors being configured so that it serves as resonator limitation for a certain laser wavelength or wavelength group but another part of the at least one of the resonator mirrors constitutes an intracavity element for the respective other wavelength(s) or wavelength group(s).
摘要翻译： 一种用于通过谐振器反射镜从同一激光介质产生各种激光波长的装置。 根据该装置，任何期望的，给定的激光波长的组合可以同时或至少以非常快速的交替（切换时间1ms）发射，使用线性布置在激光介质外部的标准谐振镜，其中一部分 谐振器反射镜中的至少一个被配置为使得其用作特定激光波长或波长组的谐振器限制，但是至少一个谐振器反射镜的另一部分构成用于各个其它波长或波长的腔内元件 组。
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公开(公告)号：US5059191A
公开(公告)日：1991-10-22
申请号：US494662
申请日：1990-03-16
申请人： Wolfgang Beyer , Armin Heinze , Ronald Sroka , Eberhard Unsold
发明人： Wolfgang Beyer , Armin Heinze , Ronald Sroka , Eberhard Unsold
CPC分类号： A61N5/0601 , A61B2018/2261
摘要： A method and an apparatus for the substantially uniform irradiation of the entire area of cavities from the inside. The apparatus comprises a light source and a layer comprising a material having a high-scatter capability, low transmission and low absorption, wherein said layer fits well to the interior surface of a cavity. The method comprises placing an area-covering layer along rhe cavity wall of the cavity to be irradiated with a material having a high diffusive reflection capability, low transmission, and low absorption capability to obtain a lined cavity; introducing a light source onto the interior of the lined cavity; and irradiating the lined cavity so that the light entering from the area-covering layer into the cavity wall is homogeneously distributed.
摘要翻译： 用于从内部基本均匀地照射空腔的整个区域的方法和装置。 该装置包括光源和包括具有高散射能力，低透射率和低吸收的材料的层，其中所述层很好地配合到空腔的内表面。 该方法包括：将具有高扩散反射能力，低透射率和低吸收能力的材料照射的空腔的沿腔体的面积覆盖层放置以获得衬里的腔体; 将光源引入衬里腔体的内部; 并照射衬里的腔体，使得从区域覆盖层进入空腔壁的光均匀分布。
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公开(公告)号：US4398090A
公开(公告)日：1983-08-09
申请号：US310995
申请日：1981-10-13
CPC分类号： H01J49/025 , G01T1/28
摘要： Panoramic detector of ions spatially distributed in different beams, comprising a plane symmetry diaphragm having an opening permitting the passage of the beams and which is brought to earth potential, an electrode for converting ions into electrons having an opening facing the diaphragm opening, the conversion electrode having the same plane of plane symmetry and being brought to a negative potential relative to the earth potential, and a planar electrode facing the conversion electrode and brought to a positive potential relative to the potential of the conversion electrode, the face of the conversion electrode facing the planar electrode having a predetermined shape in such a way that the electron beams formed retain the same spatial distribution as the beams of ion to be detected in the presence of an applied magnetic field.
摘要翻译： 空间分布在不同光束中的离子的全景检测器，包括具有允许光束通过的开口并被接地的平面对称光阑，用于将离子转换成具有面向光阑开口的开口的电子的电极，转换电极 具有相同的平面对称面并且相对于地电位成为负电位，以及面对转换电极的平面电极，并且相对于转换电极的电位变为正电位，转换电极的面对 平面电极具有预定形状，使得所形成的电子束在存在施加的磁场时保持与要检测的离子束相同的空间分布。
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公开(公告)号：US4365157A
公开(公告)日：1982-12-21
申请号：US271376
申请日：1981-06-08
申请人： Eberhard Unsold , Gerhard Renner , Reiner Wechsung
发明人： Eberhard Unsold , Gerhard Renner , Reiner Wechsung
CPC分类号： G01N21/718
摘要： A method for studying a fluid by forming a stream of the fluid, exciting the stream by causing a laser beam to impinge thereon to produce secondary particles or quanta, and subjecting the resulting secondary particles or quanta to an analysis operation in an analyzer.
摘要翻译： 一种用于通过形成流体流来研究流体的方法，通过使激光束在其上冲击以产生二次粒子或量子来激发流，以及使得到的二次粒子或量子在分析器中进行分析操作。
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公开(公告)号：US4204117A
公开(公告)日：1980-05-20
申请号：US938329
申请日：1978-08-30
申请人： Lothar Aberle , Walter Bank , Franz Hillenkamp , Raimund Kaufmann , Rainer Nitsche , Eberhard Unsold , Reiner Wechsung
发明人： Lothar Aberle , Walter Bank , Franz Hillenkamp , Raimund Kaufmann , Rainer Nitsche , Eberhard Unsold , Reiner Wechsung
CPC分类号： H01J49/06 , G01N21/00 , H01J49/164
摘要： A sample analyzer includes a microscope for alternatively focusing an electromagnetic radiation on the sample to cause ion emission therefrom and visually observing the sample; a mass spectrometer for the mass analysis of the emitted ions; an illuminating device for lighting the sample for the microscopic visual observation thereof; an ion optical system for directing the emitted ions into the mass spectrometer; and a displaceably supported carrier carrying the ion optical system and at least one part of the illuminating device. The carrier has a first position in which the ion optical system is in an operating position in alignment with the sample and a second position in which the illuminating device is in an operating position in alignment with the sample. There is further provided an actuator for selectively moving the carrier into its positions in a direction generally perpendicular to the axis of the ion optical system.
摘要翻译： 样品分析仪包括用于将电磁辐射交替聚焦在样品上的显微镜，以引起离子发射并目视观察样品; 用于质谱分析发射离子的质谱仪; 照明装置，用于点亮样品以进行显微视觉观察; 用于将发射的离子引导到质谱仪中的离子光学系统; 以及承载离子光学系统和照明装置的至少一部分的可移动支撑的载体。 载体具有第一位置，其中离子光学系统处于与样品对准的操作位置和第二位置，其中照明装置处于与样品对准的操作位置。 还提供了一种用于选择性地将载体移动到其大体上垂直于离子光学系统的轴线的方向上的位置的致动器。
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公开(公告)号：US4209697A
公开(公告)日：1980-06-24
申请号：US872572
申请日：1978-01-26
申请人： Gerhard Renner , Eberhard Unsold
发明人： Gerhard Renner , Eberhard Unsold
CPC分类号： H01J49/161
摘要： In a method for producing selected mass spectra by directing electromagnetic radiation through an optical system onto sample material for vaporization, destruction, excitation and/ or ionization in the microrange, setting the expanse of the irradiation region of the sample by selection of the energy density of the radiation, and detecting the released particles, the radiation power density is varied for producing mass spectra having respectively different proportions of atom and molecule spectra.
摘要翻译： 在通过将电磁辐射通过光学系统引导到样品材料上以在微区域中蒸发，破坏，激发和/或电离以产生选定质谱的方法中，通过选择样品的能量密度来设定样品的照射区域的宽度 辐射和检测释放的颗粒，辐射功率密度是不同的，用于产生具有不同比例的原子和分子光谱的质谱。
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公开(公告)号：US5188633A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-23
申请号：US736379
申请日：1991-07-26
申请人： Michael Kratzer , Eberhard Unsold
发明人： Michael Kratzer , Eberhard Unsold
CPC分类号： A61M1/3681 , A61B2018/1807
摘要： Apparatus for selective destruction or inactivation of cells is disclosed wherein cells are arrayed in a plane for successive illumination, by optical X-Y scanning devices, with a first low powered light beam to produce in particular cells certain radiations responsive to the illumination. These response radiations are detected and used to enable a second higher powered light beam directed through substantially the same optical scanning paths, to destroy or inactivate the cells producing the response radiations. The illumination, response, detection, and high power radiation steps are accomplished by devices acting in times short as compared to the X-Y scanning devices so as to make the accurate treatment of each of large numbers of cells highly effective. Alternate embodiments disclose the use of a single laser light source to selectively provide both the low and high powered light beams, various X-Y scanning arrangements, and various devices for correcting the spherical aberration of the scanned beams in variously positioned image planes.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于细胞的选择性破坏或灭活的装置，其中通过光学X-Y扫描装置将细胞排列在用于连续照明的平面中，其中第一低功率光束特别地产生响应于照明的某些辐射。 这些响应辐射被检测并用于使通过基本上相同的光学扫描路径的第二较高功率的光束能够破坏或失活产生响应辐射的单元。 与X-Y扫描装置相比，照明，响应，检测和高功率辐射步骤由与时间相比短的装置实现，从而使得大量细胞中的每一个的精确处理非常有效。 替代实施例公开了使用单个激光光源来选择性地提供低功率和高功率光束，各种X-Y扫描装置以及用于校正在各种定位的图像平面中的扫描光束的球面像差的各种装置。
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公开(公告)号：US5035693A
公开(公告)日：1991-07-30
申请号：US167211
申请日：1988-03-11
申请人： Michael Kratzer , Eberhard Unsold
发明人： Michael Kratzer , Eberhard Unsold
CPC分类号： A61M1/3681 , A61B2018/1807
摘要： Apparatus for selective destruction or inactivation of cells is disclosed wherein cells are arrayed in a plane for successive illumination, by optical X-Y scanning devices, with a first low power red light beam to produce in particular cells certain radiations responsive to the illumination. These response radiations are detected and used to enable a second higher powered light beam directed through substantially the same optical scanning paths, to destroy or inactivate the cells producing the response radiations. The illumination, response, detection, and high power radiation steps are accomplished by devices acting in times short as compared to the X-Y scanning devices so as to make the accurate treatment of each of large numbers of cells highly effective. Alternate embodiments disclose the use of a signal laser light source to selectively provide both the low and high powered light beams, various X-Y scanning arrangements, and various devices for correcting the spherical aberration of the scanned beams in variously positioned image planes.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于细胞的选择性破坏或灭活的装置，其中细胞通过光学X-Y扫描装置排列在用于连续照明的平面中，其中第一低功率红色光束特别地产生响应于照明的某些辐射。 这些响应辐射被检测并用于使通过基本上相同的光学扫描路径的第二较高功率的光束能够破坏或失活产生响应辐射的单元。 与X-Y扫描装置相比，照明，响应，检测和高功率辐射步骤由与时间相比短的装置实现，从而使得大量细胞中的每一个的精确处理非常有效。 替代实施例公开了使用信号激光光源来选择性地提供低功率和高功率光束，各种X-Y扫描装置以及用于校正在各种定位的图像平面中的扫描光束的球面像差的各种装置。
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公开(公告)号：US4322629A
公开(公告)日：1982-03-30
申请号：US177775
申请日：1980-08-13
IPC分类号： H01J49/06 , G01N27/62 , G01T1/28 , H01J49/02 , H01J49/10 , H01J49/26 , H01J49/40 , B01D59/44
CPC分类号： H01J49/30 , G01T1/28 , H01J49/025 , H01J49/40
摘要： Mass spectrograph comprising an ion source, means for analyzing the ions emitted by this source and a panoramic ion detector, wherein the analysis means are of the type with magnetic separation and measurement of the time of flight and the ion source is a pulsed source.The panoramic ion detector comprises an ion inlet diaphragm, means facing the diaphragm which permit the conversion of ions into electrons, means facing the means for converting the ions into electrons and permitting the conversion of electrons into photons, a photon detector facing the means for converting the electrons into photons and photon guidance means located between the means for converting electrons into photons and the photon detector whereby the photon guidance means have a monoblock structure.
摘要翻译： 包括离子源的质谱仪，用于分析由该源发射的离子和全景离子检测器的装置，其中所述分析装置是具有磁分离和测量飞行时间的类型，并且离子源是脉冲源。 全景离子检测器包括离子入口隔膜，面向隔膜的装置，其允许将离子转换成电子，面向用于将离子转换成电子并允许电子转换成光子的装置的装置，面向转换装置的光子检测器 电子进入光子和光子引导装置，位于用于将电子转换成光子的装置和光子检测器之间，由此光子引导装置具有整体结构。
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