公开(公告)号：US20150343560A1

公开(公告)日：2015-12-03

申请号：US14293537

申请日：2014-06-02

申请人： Richard G. Pettit ,  Ripudaman Singh

发明人： Richard G. Pettit ,  Ripudaman Singh

IPC分类号： B23K26/03 ,  B23K26/12 ,  G01N21/88 ,  A61B18/20 ,  C21D1/34 ,  G01N21/55 ,  B23K26/00 ,  B23K26/06

CPC分类号： B23K26/032 ,  A61B18/20 ,  A61B2017/0007 ,  A61B2018/00642 ,  A61B2018/00714 ,  A61B2018/00785 ,  A61B2018/00809 ,  B23K26/0006 ,  B23K26/0622 ,  B23K26/0884 ,  B23K26/12 ,  B23K26/128 ,  B23K26/1464 ,  B23K26/352 ,  B23K2103/30 ,  B23K2103/32 ,  B23K2103/52 ,  C21D1/09 ,  C21D1/34 ,  C21D10/005 ,  G01K17/003 ,  G01N2021/555 ,  G01N2201/06113

摘要： The invention pertains to an apparatus and method for controlled laser heating of a body. An optical integrating chamber, with an opening adjacent to the surface of the body, has a first and second aperture. A laser source, produces a beam of known power which is directed through the first aperture and the chamber opening onto the surface. A portion of the power of the laser beam is absorbed by the body, thereby heating it locally, and the remaining portion is substantially reflected back into the chamber. A photodetector samples the reflected light accumulated within the chamber through the second aperture, thereby discerning the total power of the reflected light, and enabling the computation of the absorbed power imparted as heat to the body. This computation is performed by a computer or controller, which also serves as a control feedback mechanism, by which the application of the laser is controlled based on the absorbed power imparted to the body during the heating process. Several embodiments are described, useful for a wide range of potential applications in processing and evaluation of organic and inorganic materials and structures.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于身体的受控激光加热的装置和方法。 具有邻近主体表面的开口的光学积分室具有第一和第二孔。 激光源产生已知功率的光束，其被引导通过第一孔和腔室开口到表面上。 激光束的功率的一部分被身体吸收，从而局部加热，剩余部分基本反射回到腔室中。 光电检测器通过第二孔对累积在室内的反射光进行采样，从而识别反射光的总功率，并且能够计算作为热量被传递给身体的吸收功率。 该计算由计算机或控制器执行，计算机或控制器也用作控制反馈机制，通过该控制反馈机制，基于在加热过程中施加到身体的吸收功率来控制激光的应用。 描述了几种实施方案，其用于有机和无机材料和结构的加工和评估中的广泛的潜在应用。

公开(公告)号：US06168067A

公开(公告)日：2001-01-02

申请号：US09102806

申请日：1998-06-23

申请人： Douglas J. Waldron ,  Richard G. Pettit

发明人： Douglas J. Waldron ,  Richard G. Pettit

IPC分类号： B23K2012

CPC分类号： B23K20/1235 ,  C22F1/057

摘要： A method for reducing material property degradation during friction stir welding. More specifically, the method includes the steps of solution heat treating first and second structural members at a first predetermined temperature schedule. The first and second structural members are then quenched to a predetermined temperature at which the structural members are in a nonequilibrium state and have an incomplete temper. The first structural member is then positioned adjacent to the second structural member, thereby defining an interface therebetween. Thereafter, the first and second structural members are joined to form a structural assembly by friction stir welding the material along the interface prior to precipitation heat treating the structural assembly. The structural assembly is then aged, such as by precipitation heat treating, at a second predetermined temperature schedule to stabilize the material properties of the resulting structural assembly, thereby completing the temper of the material. The method requires fewer manufacturing steps than conventional techniques for friction stir weld precipitation-hardened parent materials. In addition, the method minimizes the degradation of the material properties during friction stir welding, and produces a structural assembly with improved strength, hardness, and corrosion resistance, as well as dimensional quality.

摘要翻译： 一种降低摩擦搅拌焊接过程中材料性能降低的方法。 更具体地说，该方法包括以第一预定温度表解决第一和第二结构构件的热处理步骤。 然后将第一和第二结构构件淬火至预定温度，在该温度下，结构构件处于非平衡状态并具有不完全的回火。 然后将第一结构构件定位成与第二结构构件相邻，由此限定其间的界面。 此后，通过在沉淀热处理结构组件之前沿着界面摩擦搅拌焊接材料，将第一和第二结构构件接合以形成结构组件。 然后将结构组件如第二预定温度表进行沉淀热处理来老化，以稳定所得到的结构组件的材料特性，从而完成材料的回火。 该方法比传统的摩擦搅拌焊接沉淀硬化母材的技术需要更少的制造步骤。 此外，该方法使摩擦搅拌焊接期间材料性能的劣化最小化，并且产生具有改进的强度，硬度和耐腐蚀性以及尺寸质量的结构组件。

公开(公告)号：US5227216A

公开(公告)日：1993-07-13

申请号：US675350

申请日：1991-03-25

申请人： Richard G. Pettit

发明人： Richard G. Pettit

IPC分类号： B32B15/14

CPC分类号： B32B15/14 ,  Y10S428/902 ,  Y10T428/24124 ,  Y10T428/24132 ,  Y10T428/31522 ,  Y10T428/31529 ,  Y10T428/31678 ,  Y10T442/3423

摘要： A fiber/metal laminate composite material is comprised of a plurality of metallic layers, reinforced with a plurality of fiber layers. The metallic layers are preferably aluminum, while the fibers in the fiber layers are preferably comprised of an aramid. The fibers are bi-directionally oriented. To provide the laminate with superior fiber failure resistance characteristics, the laminate is post-stretched along a post-stretch axis which bisects the two fiber axes.

摘要翻译： 纤维/金属层压复合材料由多个金属层组成，用多个纤维层增强。 金属层优选为铝，而纤维层中的纤维优选由芳族聚酰胺构成。 纤维是双向定向的。 为了提供具有优异的抗纤维破坏特性的层压体，将层压体沿着将两个纤维轴平分的后拉伸轴线进行后拉伸。

公开(公告)号：US20130152697A1

公开(公告)日：2013-06-20

申请号：US13768980

申请日：2013-02-15

申请人： Richard G. Pettit

发明人： Richard G. Pettit

IPC分类号： G01N3/36

CPC分类号： G01N3/36 ,  G01N3/38 ,  G01N2203/0051 ,  G01N2203/0062 ,  G01N2203/0073

摘要： A sample for fatigue and/or crack growth testing, including an axisymmetric or cylindrical gage section with a concentric hole running from a first end, and terminating within the gage section, with one mode of loading introduced at the terminus of the hole, and reacted at the end where the hole originates. A second mode of loading is optionally introduced at a second end of the specimen. Use of the specimen is described in both in the context of an apparatus for fatigue/crack growth testing described in the referenced parent application, as well as with conventional test machines.

摘要翻译： 用于疲劳和/或裂纹生长测试的样品，包括具有从第一端延伸的同心孔并且终止于量规部分内的轴对称或圆柱形量具部分，在孔的末端引入一种负载模式，并且反应 在洞的起点。 任选地在样品的第二端引入第二加载模式。 在参考的母申请中描述的用于疲劳/裂纹扩展测试的装置的上下文以及常规测试机器中都描述了样本的使用。

公开(公告)号：US5567535A

公开(公告)日：1996-10-22

申请号：US238143

申请日：1994-05-04

申请人： Richard G. Pettit

发明人： Richard G. Pettit

IPC分类号： B29C70/08 ,  B32B15/14 ,  B64C1/00 ,  B64C1/12 ,  B23B7/10

CPC分类号： B64C1/12 ,  B29C70/088 ,  B32B15/14 ,  B29K2105/256 ,  B29K2705/00 ,  B64C2001/0072 ,  B64C2001/0081 ,  Y02T50/433 ,  Y10S428/902 ,  Y10T428/12444 ,  Y10T428/12632 ,  Y10T428/12639 ,  Y10T428/12764 ,  Y10T428/187 ,  Y10T428/31681

摘要： Currently, fiber/metal laminate sheets are limited in width due to restrictions in the width of thin metal sheets available. This invention solves that problem by providing an integral splice concept and a method for manufacturing a laminate employing the inventive concept. Specifically, a fiber/metal laminate sheet is provided having at least two metal plies and at least one fiber layer. Each of the metal plies comprises at least two metal sheets which are arranged side-by-side and have sheet metal breaks therebetween. All of the sheet metal breaks lie within the integral splice. An important feature of the invention is that the sheet metal breaks in each metal ply are staggered widthwise across the laminate with respect to the sheet metal breaks in the remaining metal plies, in accordance with a predetermined metal break staggering pattern, thereby maximizing the bond engagement of the discontinuous metal plies with the adjacent fiber layers. Another important inventive feature is that the fiber layers are continuous through the integral splice region. The resultant spliced laminate may have any desired width, and is strong, fatigue-resistant, durable, and easy to manufacture.

公开(公告)号：US5366787A

公开(公告)日：1994-11-22

申请号：US964716

申请日：1992-10-22

申请人： Ken K. Yasui ,  Richard G. Pettit

发明人： Ken K. Yasui ,  Richard G. Pettit

IPC分类号： B29C49/00 ,  B29D22/00 ,  B29D24/00 ,  B32B3/28 ,  E04C2/08 ,  B32B3/12 ,  F04C2/34

CPC分类号： B29C49/0047 ,  B29D22/00 ,  B29D24/00 ,  B32B3/28 ,  E04C2/08 ,  Y10T428/234 ,  Y10T428/24628 ,  Y10T428/24661 ,  Y10T428/24669 ,  Y10T428/24694 ,  Y10T428/24711 ,  Y10T428/24719 ,  Y10T428/24744

摘要： The structure and process for making a metallic panel structure from a plurality, e.g. two, core elements each comprised of a pair of sheets of superplastic material welded together along a plurality of weld lines, the weld lines of one core element being spaced differently or of different shape from the weld lines of the other core element. The core elements are joined together, with the weld lines of one core panel positioned at an angle, e.g., normal, to the weld lines of the adjacent core element. The resulting panel assembly is placed in a die. The die is heated to superplastic forming temperature, and gas pressure is applied to the spaces between the sheets of the respective core elements, causing superplastic forming and expansion of the sheets of each core panel to form a first series of bulges between weld lines of one core element, and a second series of bulges dissimilar in shape, e.g. larger, than the first series of bulges, between weld lines of the adjacent core element, the bulges expanding inwardly toward each other. The two series of bulges are orthogonally disposed, the bulges from the two core elements contacting and forming around each other. Further pressurization is applied to cause diffusion bonding at the contacting areas of the two series of bulges. The resulting structure is formed of two normally disposed series of bulges, one series larger than the other, with face sheets connected to such bulges.

摘要翻译： 用于制造金属板结构的结构和工艺，从多个，例如， 两个芯元件，每个芯元件由沿着多个焊接线焊接在一起的一对超塑性材料构成，一个芯元件的焊接线与另一个芯元件的焊接线不同地或不同的形状间隔开。 芯元件连接在一起，一个芯板的焊接线与相邻的芯元件的焊接线定位成例如一般的角度。 将所得面板组件放置在模具中。 将模具加热到超塑性成形温度，并且将气体压力施加到各个芯元件的片材之间的空间，引起每个芯板的片材的超塑性成形和膨胀，从而在一个焊接线之间形成第一系列的凸起 核心元件和第二系列不同形状的凸起，例如 比第一系列的凸起更大，在相邻的芯元件的焊接线之间，凸起朝向彼此向内扩展。 这两个凸起系列是正交设置的，两个核心元件的凸起彼此接触并形成。 施加进一步的加压以在两系列凸起的接触区域处引起扩散结合。 所得到的结构由两个通常布置的一系列凸起形成，一个系列比另一个更大，其中面板连接到这种凸起。

公开(公告)号：US08707797B2

公开(公告)日：2014-04-29

申请号：US13768980

申请日：2013-02-15

申请人： Richard G. Pettit

发明人： Richard G. Pettit

IPC分类号： G01N3/32

CPC分类号： G01N3/36 ,  G01N3/38 ,  G01N2203/0051 ,  G01N2203/0062 ,  G01N2203/0073

摘要： A sample for fatigue and/or crack growth testing, including an axisymmetric or cylindrical gage section with a concentric hole running from a first end, and terminating within the gage section, with one mode of loading introduced at the terminus of the hole, and reacted at the end where the hole originates. A second mode of loading is optionally introduced at a second end of the specimen. Use of the specimen is described in both in the context of an apparatus for fatigue/crack growth testing described in the referenced parent application, as well as with conventional test machines.

摘要翻译： 用于疲劳和/或裂纹生长测试的样品，包括具有从第一端延伸的同心孔并且终止于量规部分内的轴对称或圆柱形量具部分，在孔的末端引入一种负载模式，并且反应 在洞的起点。 任选地在样品的第二端引入第二加载模式。 在参考的母申请中描述的用于疲劳/裂纹扩展测试的装置的上下文以及常规测试机器中都描述了样本的使用。

公开(公告)号：US20120210801A1

公开(公告)日：2012-08-23

申请号：US13031410

申请日：2011-02-21

申请人： Richard G. Pettit

发明人： Richard G. Pettit

IPC分类号： G01N19/08

CPC分类号： G01N3/36 ,  G01N3/38 ,  G01N2203/0051 ,  G01N2203/0062 ,  G01N2203/0073

摘要： An apparatus for fatigue and/or crack growth testing, including a cyclic loading device and a preferred sample mounted at one end. An embodiment of the device has at least two concentric and coaxial load frames, with guiding interfaces between adjacent load frames to maintain alignment. Solid state actuation systems, which deform in response to the application of energy, are mounted at the end opposite the sample between adjacent load frames to provide up to two modes of actuation, including tension, compression, or torsion. The preferred sample includes a cylindrical gage section with a concentric hole running from a first end, and terminating within the gage section, with one mode of loading introduced at the terminus of the hole, and reacted at the end where the hole originates. A second mode of loading is optionally introduced at a second end of the specimen. Mount hardware for conventional specimens is also presented.

摘要翻译： 一种用于疲劳和/或裂纹生长测试的装置，包括循环加载装置和在一端安装的优选样品。 装置的一个实施例具有至少两个同心和同轴的负载框架，在相邻负载框架之间具有引导接口以保持对准。 固体驱动系统，其响应于能量的应用而变形，安装在与相邻负载框架之间的样品相对的端部处，以提供多达两种致动模式，包括张力，压缩或扭转。 优选的样品包括具有从第一端延伸并终止在量规部分内的同心孔的圆柱形表面部分，其中一种载荷模式引入孔的末端，并在孔起始端发生反应。 任选地在样品的第二端引入第二加载模式。 还介绍了常规标本的安装硬件。

公开(公告)号：US5204161A

公开(公告)日：1993-04-20

申请号：US709695

申请日：1991-06-03

申请人： Richard G. Pettit ,  Ken K. Yasui

发明人： Richard G. Pettit ,  Ken K. Yasui

IPC分类号： B29C49/00 ,  B29D22/00 ,  B29D24/00 ,  B32B3/28 ,  E04C2/08

CPC分类号： B32B3/28 ,  B29C49/0047 ,  B29D22/00 ,  B29D24/00 ,  E04C2/08 ,  Y10T428/1234 ,  Y10T428/12417 ,  Y10T428/234 ,  Y10T428/24628 ,  Y10T428/24661 ,  Y10T428/24669 ,  Y10T428/24694 ,  Y10T428/24711 ,  Y10T428/24719 ,  Y10T428/24744

摘要： The structure and process for making a metallic panel structure from a plurality of core panels each comprised of a pair of sheets of superplastic material welded together along a plurality of weld lines. The core panels are joined together, with the weld lines of one core panel positioned normal to the weld lines of the adjacent core panel. The resulting assembly is placed in a die. The die is heated to superplastic forming temperature, and gas pressure is applied to the spaces between the sheets of the respective core panels, causing superplastic forming and expansion of the sheets of each core panel to form a series of bulges between weld lines of one core panel, and a series of similar bulges between weld lines of the adjacent core panel, the bulges expanding inwardly toward each other. The two series of bulges are orthogonally disposed, the bulges from the two core panels contacting and forming around each other. Further pressurization is applied to cause diffusion bonding at the contacting areas of the two series of bulges. The resulting structure is formed of two normally disposed series of bulges, with face sheets connected to such bulges. According to another embodiment, three core panels can be employed, resulting in a structure following superplastic forming and diffusion bonding, formed of two outer series of inwardly extending parallel bulges and an intermediate series of bulges between the two series of outer bulges.

摘要翻译： 用于从多个芯板制造金属板结构的结构和工艺，每个芯板由沿着多个焊接线焊接在一起的一对超塑性材料构成。 核心面板连接在一起，一个核心面板的焊接线垂直于相邻芯板的焊接线。 将所得的组件放置在模具中。 将模具加热到超塑性成形温度，并且将气体压力施加到各个芯板的片材之间的空间，引起每个芯板的片材的超塑性成形和膨胀，以在一个芯部的焊接线之间形成一系列凸起 并且在相邻芯板的焊接线之间的一系列类似的凸起，凸起朝向彼此向内扩展。 两个凸起系列是正交设置的，两个芯板的凸起彼此接触并形成。 施加进一步的加压以在两系列凸起的接触区域处引起扩散结合。 所得到的结构由两个通常布置的一系列凸起形成，其中面板连接到这种凸起。 根据另一个实施例，可以采用三个核心面板，导致在超塑性成形和扩散接合之后的结构，由两个外部系列的向内延伸的平行凸起形成，并且在两个系列的外部凸起之间形成中间的一系列凸起。

公开(公告)号：US20160288254A1

公开(公告)日：2016-10-06

申请号：US14679940

申请日：2015-04-06

申请人： Richard G. Pettit ,  Michael D. Marotta

发明人： Richard G. Pettit ,  Michael D. Marotta

IPC分类号： B23K26/064 ,  B23K26/073 ,  G02B27/42 ,  B23K26/342 ,  B23K15/00 ,  B23K15/02 ,  B23K26/06 ,  B23K26/082

CPC分类号： B33Y30/00 ,  B22F3/24 ,  B22F2998/10 ,  B23K15/0086 ,  B23K15/02 ,  B23K26/034 ,  B23K26/0626 ,  B23K26/0648 ,  B23K26/0732 ,  B23K26/082 ,  B23K26/0823 ,  B23K26/0876 ,  B23K26/144 ,  B23K26/342 ,  B23K2101/001 ,  B23K2103/26 ,  B33Y10/00 ,  B33Y40/00 ,  G02B26/101 ,  G02B27/4233 ,  Y02P10/295 ,  B22F3/1055 ,  B22F2003/248

摘要： The invention pertains to apparatus and method for precision thermal processing of a body. An energy beam emanating from an energy beam source is scanned across the surface of the body, creating heat input through a moving spot on the surface of said body. By means described herein to condition the spot shape and flux profile, the flux profile within the spot is configured to approximate a thermal solution obtained by solving a boundary condition of the third kind imposed upon the moving spot associated with the beam as it is scanned across the body. In this manner a predetermined surface temperature profile is imposed on the surface of the body within a moving, locally heated spot of predetermined shape and size.Potential uses include any application which would benefit from the ability to apply a prescribed uniform or variable thermal process to the surface of a body, thus including but not limited to thermal processing of inorganic materials, such as metals and ceramics, and thermal processing of polymeric or organic materials or tissues. Exemplary desired outcomes range from an improvement of surface properties, such as hardness or wear resistance, to the fabrication of a component through an additive manufacturing process.

摘要翻译： 潜在用途包括可以受益于将规定的均匀或可变热处理应用于身体表面的能力的任何应用，包括但不限于无机材料如金属和陶瓷的热加工，以及聚合物的热加工 或有机材料或组织。 示例性的期望结果范围从表面性质如硬度或耐磨性的改善到通过添加剂制造方法制造部件。