摘要:
Automotive vehicles are increasingly being equipped with remote starting devices. If the vehicle is within a space which is very well sealed, it is possible that the concentration of the exhaust gases may exceed desirable levels. A method and system are disclosed in which a mass-based determination of air/fuel ratio is compared with the air/fuel ratio being maintained by the exhaust gas oxygen sensor. When the air/fuel ratio based on a mass measurement deviates from the air/fuel ratio based on the exhaust gas oxygen sensor by more than a threshold difference, the remotely started vehicle is turned off.
摘要:
A fan apparatus is disclosed which includes a fan coupled to a drive mechanism via a viscous clutch. The viscous clutch includes a drive chamber containing a hydraulic fluid with an amount of hydraulic fluid in the drive chamber being related to a torque transmitted from said drive mechanism to the fan; a valve coupled to the drive chamber controlling flow of hydraulic fluid into the drive chamber; a bimetallic strip coupled to the valve; and a heating element coupled to the viscous clutch close to the bimetallic strip. The bimetallic strip is located in a position open to ambient air.
摘要:
It is well known that plastic shower curtains can develop mildew and/or mold where the curtain adheres to another surface and remains moist, such as the edge of a bathtub. A shower curtain with at least a portion of the surface being non-smooth is disclosed. In some embodiments, appendages extend outwardly from the surface of the curtain. The appendages prevent the surface of the curtain from adhering to another surface via surface tension of water. Furthermore, the appendages create an air gap that enables air to flow freely between the curtain and its adjacent surface. The appendages also reduce the surface area of the curtain in contact with the adjacent surface.
摘要:
In an internal combustion engine having both a port injector and a direct injector supplying fuel to a cylinder of the engine, a method is disclosed for avoiding deposit formation on and/or inside the tip of the direct injector. The tip temperature is estimated. When the tip temperature exceeds a threshold temperature at which deposits are formed, the amount of fuel delivered by the direct injector is increase.
摘要:
A method for estimating output compressor output temperature for a two-stage turbocharger. The method includes: storing a composite relationship relating temperature ratio across a pair of compressors of the two-stage turbocharger as a function of mass flow through such pair of compressors and pressure drop across the pair of the compressors; calculating the pressure ratio equal to the pressure at an input to the first one of the pair of compressors to the pressure at the output of the second one of the pair compressor; using the composite relationship and an output of a mass flow at the input to the first one of the pair of compressors and the calculated pressure ratio to determine the temperature ratio across the pair of compressors; and calculating the estimated output temperature of the second one of the pair of compressors by multiplying the determined temperature ratio across the pair of compressors by a temperature at the input of the first one of the pair of compressors.
摘要:
A system for controlling electromechanical of an internal combustion has a valve-closing electromagnet for attracting the armature coupled to the valve to close the valve, a valve-opening electromagnet for attracting the armature to open the valve, a valve-opening spring for biasing the valve open, and a valve-closing spring for biasing the valve closed. The method includes de-energizing the valve-closing electromagnet for a predetermined time, enabling the valve to oscillate by the valve springs, and then energizing the valve-closing electromagnet to close the valve. Consequently, only the valve-closing electromagnet is energized to open and close the valve. The valve biasing springs force the valve to a location at which the valve-closing electromagnet can close the valve. This provides an electrical energy over prior methods in which both the valve-opening and valve-closing electromagnets are energized to actuate the valve.
摘要:
An internal combustion engine employs fuel injectors positioned to inject fuel directly into combustion chambers of the engine, and an electronic engine controller (EEC) to control operation of the engine. The EEC implements a cold start routine which controls the amount of fuel injected, the time at which the fuel is injected and spark timing to achieve a rapid increase in temperature of the engine and the exhaust system components, thereby decreasing tailpipe hydrocarbon emissions during cold start.
摘要:
It is well known that plastic shower curtains can develop mildew and/or mold where the curtain adheres to another surface and remains moist, such as the edge of a bathtub. A shower curtain with at least a portion of the surface being non-smooth is disclosed. In some embodiments, appendages extend outwardly from the surface of the curtain. The appendages prevent the surface of the curtain from adhering to another surface via surface tension of water. Furthermore, the appendages create an air gap that enables air to flow freely between the curtain and its adjacent surface. The appendages also reduce the surface area of the curtain in contact with the adjacent surface.
摘要:
A method is disclosed for making a transition from fueling an engine with hydrogen to another fuel. That other fuel may be gasoline, a gasoline and alcohol mixture, or gaseous fuels, as examples. The other fuel has the capability of providing higher BMEP than the hydrogen because of better air utilization and because the other fuel occupies less volume of the combustion chamber. Because a desirable equivalence ratio to burn hydrogen is at 0.5 or less and a desirable equivalence ratio to burn other fuel is at 1.0, when a demand for BMEP that leads to a transition change from hydrogen fuel to the other fuel, the amount of air supplied to the engine is decreased to provide more torque and vice versa. During a transition in which liquid fuel supply is initiated, it may be desirable to continue to provide some hydrogen, not leaner than 0.1 hydrogen equivalence ratio.
摘要:
A method for estimating the output temperature of the output compressor of a two-stage turbocharger. The method includes: storing a composite relationship relating temperature ratio across a pair of compressors of the two-stage turbocharger as a function of mass flow through such pair of compressors and pressure drop across the pair of the compressors; calculating the pressure ratio equal to the pressure at an input to the first one of the pair of compressors to the pressure at the output of the second one of the pair compressor; using the composite relationship and an output of a mass flow at the input to the first one of the pair of compressors and the calculated pressure ratio to determine the temperature ratio across the pair of compressors; and calculating the estimated output temperature of the second one of the pair of compressors by multiplying the determined temperature ratio across the pair of compressors by a temperature at the input of the first one of the pair of compressors.