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公开(公告)号：US07575932B2
公开(公告)日：2009-08-18
申请号：US10515295
申请日：2003-06-06
申请人： Ulrich Nieken , Jobst Rüdiger von Watzdorf , Jochen Keβler , Christina Benthack , Hubertus Kröner , Thomas Hauff , Peter Schlemmer
发明人： Ulrich Nieken , Jobst Rüdiger von Watzdorf , Jochen Keβler , Christina Benthack , Hubertus Kröner , Thomas Hauff , Peter Schlemmer
CPC分类号： G05B23/0235 , B01J19/0006 , B01J19/002 , B01J19/18 , B01J2219/00094 , B01J2219/00103 , B01J2219/00162 , B01J2219/002 , B01J2219/00216 , B01J2219/00225 , B01J2219/00231 , B01J2219/00238 , B01J2219/00243 , B01J2219/00261 , B01J2219/0027 , B01J2219/00272
摘要： The invention relates to a method for monitoring exothermic reactions in a reactor, in which one or more starting materials react exothermically to give at least one product, and at least one gas is present in the reactor during operation as intended or during a runaway, comprising the following process: A) measurement and storage of an initial temperature and an initial pressure in the reactor, B) calculation of the amount of products and starting materials present in the reactor from an energy balance, C) calculation of a maximum pressure raise that occurs on stepwise reaction of the amount of starting materials present, and D) calculation of a runaway pressure from the maximum pressure raise that occurs, calculated in step C), and the measured initial pressure stored in step A).
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于监测反应器中的放热反应的方法，其中一种或多种原料放热反应以产生至少一种产物，并且在操作期间至少一种气体在反应器中作为预期或在失控期间存在，包括 以下过程：A）反应器中初始温度和初始压力的测量和储存，B）从能量平衡计算反应器中存在的产物和原料的量，C）计算最大压力升高 发生在存在的起始材料的量的逐步反应上，以及D）从在步骤C）中计算的最大压力升高和步骤A）中存储的测量的初始压力计算失控压力。
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公开(公告)号：US20050246067A1
公开(公告)日：2005-11-03
申请号：US10515295
申请日：2003-06-06
申请人： Ulrich Nieken , Jobst Rudiger Watzdorf , Jochen Kessler , Christina Benthack , Hubertus Kroner , Thomas Hauff , Peter Schlemmer
发明人： Ulrich Nieken , Jobst Rudiger Watzdorf , Jochen Kessler , Christina Benthack , Hubertus Kroner , Thomas Hauff , Peter Schlemmer
CPC分类号： G05B23/0235 , B01J19/0006 , B01J19/002 , B01J19/18 , B01J2219/00094 , B01J2219/00103 , B01J2219/00162 , B01J2219/002 , B01J2219/00216 , B01J2219/00225 , B01J2219/00231 , B01J2219/00238 , B01J2219/00243 , B01J2219/00261 , B01J2219/0027 , B01J2219/00272
摘要： The invention relates to a method for monitoring exothermic reactions in a reactor, in which one or more starting materials react exothermically to give at least one product, and at least one gas is present in the reactor during operation as intended or during a runaway, comprising the following process: A) measurement and storage of an initial temperature and an initial pressure in the reactor, B) calculation of the amount of products and starting materials present in the reactor from an energy balance, C) calculation of a maximum pressure raise that occurs on stepwise reaction of the amount of starting materials present, and D) calculation of a runaway pressure from the maximum pressure raise that occurs, calculated in step C), and the measured initial pressure stored in step A).
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于监测反应器中的放热反应的方法，其中一种或多种原料放热反应以产生至少一种产物，并且在操作期间至少一种气体在反应器中作为预期或在失控期间存在，包括 以下过程：A）反应器中初始温度和初始压力的测量和储存，B）从能量平衡计算反应器中存在的产物和原料的量，C）计算最大压力升高 发生在存在的起始材料的量的逐步反应上，以及D）从在步骤C）中计算的最大压力升高和步骤A）中存储的测量的初始压力计算失控压力。
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3.发明授权Preparation of polyolefins having high molecular weights in the presence of an organic transition metal compound in a gas-phase fluidized-bed reactor 有权在有机过渡金属化合物存在下，在气相流化床反应器中制备具有高分子量的聚烯烃公开(公告)号：US07834107B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-16
申请号：US10551676
申请日：2004-04-01
申请人： Alexander Köppl , Rainer Karer , Ulrich Nieken
发明人： Alexander Köppl , Rainer Karer , Ulrich Nieken
IPC分类号： C08F2/00
CPC分类号： C08F210/16 , Y10S526/901 , Y10S526/943 , C08F2/002 , C08F2/00 , C08F2/38 , C08F210/08 , C08F2500/12 , C08F2500/18
摘要： Process for preparing polyolefins having high molecular weights in the presence of a catalyst comprising an organic transition metal compound in a gas-phase fluidized-bed reactor, where the polyolefins prepared have a melt flow rate at 2.16 kg and 190° C. in accordance with ISO 1133 of less than 4 g/10 min. According to the present invention, a start-up phase during which a polyolefin having an increased melt flow rate of above 4 g/10 min is produced for a transitional period is provided. In this way, trouble-free start-up of the reactor is ensured even in the case of polymer products having a high molecular weight and a melt flow rate below 4 g/10 min and even when using catalysts based on organic transition metal compounds, in particular metallocene catalysts.
摘要翻译： 在气相流化床反应器中，在含有有机过渡金属化合物的催化剂存在下制备具有高分子量的聚烯烃的方法，其中制备的聚烯烃的熔体流动速率为2.16kg和190℃，根据 ISO 1133小于4 g / 10 min。 根据本发明，提供了一种启动阶段，其中在过渡时期内产生熔体流动速率增加至高于4g / 10min的聚烯烃。 这样即使在具有高分子量和低于4g / 10min的熔体流动速率的聚合物产物的情况下甚至在使用基于有机过渡金属化合物的催化剂时也能确保反应器的无故障启动， 特别是金属茂催化剂。
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公开(公告)号：US20070167566A1
公开(公告)日：2007-07-19
申请号：US10566653
申请日：2004-07-08
申请人： Mubarik Chowdhry , Ulrich Nieken , Monica Haag
发明人： Mubarik Chowdhry , Ulrich Nieken , Monica Haag
IPC分类号： C08K3/10
摘要： An aqueous polymer dispersion is prepared by reacting at least one olefin in. the presence of at least one polymerization catalyst and one emulsifier in an aqueous medium by a process wherein the polymerization catalyst is prepared in an in situ reaction by reacting the ligand compound 2,6-dichloro-para-benzoquinone (Ia) and/or 2,3,6-trichloro-para-benzoquinone (Ib) with a phosphine compound or diphosphine compound and with a metal compound and the polymerization reaction is effected in an aqueous medium.
摘要翻译： 通过使至少一种聚合催化剂和一种乳化剂存在下的至少一种烯烃在水性介质中通过其中聚合催化剂在原位反应中通过使配体化合物2反应制备的方法制备水性聚合物分散体， 6-氯 - 对 - 苯醌（Ia）和/或2,3,6-三氯 - 对苯醌（Ib）与膦化合物或二膦化合物和金属化合物反应，聚合反应在水性介质中进行。
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公开(公告)号：US20130136675A1
公开(公告)日：2013-05-30
申请号：US13569708
申请日：2012-08-08
CPC分类号： F01N3/2892 , B01D53/9495 , F01N3/2006 , F01N2240/02 , F28D9/0037 , F28F3/025 , Y02T10/26
摘要： An engine exhaust gas purification device comprising control unit having successively arranged switching device (1), counter-current heat exchanger (3) and at least one exhaust gas purification component (2). The switching device (1) has a first position where a flow path (6) of the exhaust gas to the exhaust gas purification component (2) is opened and a second position where a flow path (6) of the exhaust gas to the exhaust gas purification component (2) is blocked and the exhaust gas flows along a further flow path (7) where the exhaust gas is heated and conveyed, via a flow path (20) of the exhaust gas purification component (2), and exits the exhaust gas purification unit (5) through outlet channels (4) of the counter-current heat exchanger (3). The switching device, the exhaust gas purification component, the counter-current heat exchanger and the flow paths are integrated in a compact exhaust gas treatment unit.
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公开(公告)号：US20080177012A1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-24
申请号：US11883713
申请日：2006-01-30
CPC分类号： C08F10/02 , B01J8/0035 , B01J8/006 , B01J8/24 , B01J2208/00274 , B01J2208/00761 , B01J2219/00006 , C08F6/005 , C08F10/00 , C08F110/02 , C08F210/16 , Y02P20/582 , Y10S526/92 , C08L23/06 , C08L23/0815 , C08F4/69 , C08F2/34 , C08F2/01 , C08F210/08 , C08F210/14
摘要： Process for the polymerization of ethylene or of ethylene with further 1-olefins, in which the ethylene is polymerized in the presence of a catalyst in a gas-phase reactor and reaction gas comprising propane and unpolymerized ethylene is circulated to remove the heat of polymerization, wherein the polymer particles are discharged continuously or discontinuously from the reactor, the polymer particles are separated from the major part of the concomitantly discharged gas and the polymer particles are degassed, the gas is freed of entrained fine particles and is separated from a low-boiling fraction comprising ethylene or from a high boiling fraction containing further 1-olefins or alkanes having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms in a first separation stage, a propane fraction is separated off in a second separation stage and this propane fraction is used for degassing the polymer particles discharged from the reactor, with the proportion of ethylene in the propane fraction being less than 1 mol % and the proportion of 1-olefins and alkanes having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the propane fraction being less than 4 mol %, in each case based on the total propane fraction. Furthermore, an apparatus for carrying out the process. In this way, a high heat discharge from the reactor, satisfactory degassing of the discharged polymer particles and recovery of the reaction gas discharged together with the polymer particles and also the gas used for degassing the polymer particles are made possible.
摘要翻译： 乙烯或乙烯与进一步的1-烯烃聚合的方法，其中乙烯在催化剂存在下在气相反应器和包含丙烷和未聚合乙烯的反应气体中聚合循环以除去聚合热， 其中聚合物颗粒从反应器中连续或不连续地排出，聚合物颗粒与伴随排出气体的主要部分分离，聚合物颗粒脱气，气体不含夹带的细颗粒，并从低沸点 在第一分离阶段，包含乙烯或含有另外的具有4至12个碳原子的1-烯烃或烷烃的高沸点馏分的馏分在第二分离阶段分离出丙烷馏分，该丙烷馏分用于使聚合物脱气 从反应器排出的颗粒，丙烷馏分中乙烯的比例小于1mol ％，丙烷馏分中具有4至12个碳原子的1-烯烃和烷烃的比例小于4mol％，基于总丙烷馏分。 此外，一种用于执行该过程的装置。 以这种方式，可以从反应器的高热放电，排出的聚合物颗粒的令人满意的脱气和与聚合物颗粒一起排放的反应气体的回收以及用于使聚合物颗粒脱气的气体成为可能。
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公开(公告)号：US07750096B2
公开(公告)日：2010-07-06
申请号：US10566653
申请日：2004-07-08
摘要： An aqueous polymer dispersion is prepared by reacting at least one olefin in the presence of at least one polymerization catalyst and one emulsifier in an aqueous medium by a process wherein the polymerization catalyst is prepared in an in situ reaction by reacting the ligand compound 2,6-dichloro-para-benzoquinone (Ia) and/or 2,3,6-trichloro-para-benzoquinone (Ib) with a phosphine compound or diphosphine compound and with a metal compound and the polymerization reaction is effected in an aqueous medium.
摘要翻译： 水性聚合物分散体是通过使至少一种烯烃在至少一种聚合催化剂和一种乳化剂存在下在水性介质中通过其中聚合催化剂在原位反应中通过使配体化合物2,6 （Ia）和/或2,3,6-三氯 - 对苯醌（Ib）与膦化合物或二膦化合物和金属化合物反应，聚合反应在水性介质中进行。
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公开(公告)号：US07582723B2
公开(公告)日：2009-09-01
申请号：US11883713
申请日：2006-01-30
CPC分类号： C08F10/02 , B01J8/0035 , B01J8/006 , B01J8/24 , B01J2208/00274 , B01J2208/00761 , B01J2219/00006 , C08F6/005 , C08F10/00 , C08F110/02 , C08F210/16 , Y02P20/582 , Y10S526/92 , C08L23/06 , C08L23/0815 , C08F4/69 , C08F2/34 , C08F2/01 , C08F210/08 , C08F210/14
摘要： Process for the polymerization of ethylene or of ethylene with further 1-olefins, in which the ethylene is polymerized in the presence of a catalyst in a gas-phase reactor and reaction gas comprising propane and unpolymerized ethylene is circulated to remove the heat of polymerization, wherein the polymer particles are discharged continuously or discontinuously from the reactor, the polymer particles are separated from the major part of the concomitantly discharged gas and the polymer particles are degassed, the gas is freed of entrained fine particles and is separated from a low-boiling fraction comprising ethylene or from a high boiling fraction containing further 1-olefins or alkanes having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms in a first separation stage, a propane fraction is separated off in a second separation stage and this propane fraction is used for degassing the polymer particles discharged from the reactor, with the proportion of ethylene in the propane fraction being less than 1 mol % and the proportion of 1-olefins and alkanes having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the propane fraction being less than 4 mol %, in each case based on the total propane fraction. Furthermore, an apparatus for carrying out the process. In this way, a high heat discharge from the reactor, satisfactory degassing of the discharged polymer particles and recovery of the reaction gas discharged together with the polymer particles and also the gas used for degassing the polymer particles are made possible.
摘要翻译： 乙烯或乙烯与进一步的1-烯烃聚合的方法，其中乙烯在催化剂存在下在气相反应器和包含丙烷和未聚合乙烯的反应气体中聚合循环以除去聚合热， 其中聚合物颗粒从反应器中连续或不连续地排出，聚合物颗粒与伴随排出气体的主要部分分离，聚合物颗粒脱气，气体不含夹带的细颗粒，并从低沸点 在第一分离阶段，包含乙烯或含有另外的具有4至12个碳原子的1-烯烃或烷烃的高沸点馏分的馏分在第二分离阶段分离出丙烷馏分，该丙烷馏分用于使聚合物脱气 从反应器排出的颗粒，丙烷馏分中乙烯的比例小于1mol ％，丙烷馏分中具有4至12个碳原子的1-烯烃和烷烃的比例小于4mol％，基于总丙烷馏分。 此外，一种用于执行该过程的装置。 以这种方式，可以从反应器的高热放电，排出的聚合物颗粒的令人满意的脱气和与聚合物颗粒一起排放的反应气体的回收以及用于使聚合物颗粒脱气的气体成为可能。
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9.发明申请Safe removal of volatile oxidizable compounds from particles, in particular polymer particles 审中-公开从颗粒，特别是聚合物颗粒中安全除去易挥发的可氧化化合物公开(公告)号：US20060034777A1
公开(公告)日：2006-02-16
申请号：US10535375
申请日：2003-11-21
CPC分类号： B01D53/8687 , B01D53/8668 , C08F6/005 , C08F6/26
摘要： In a method of removing volatile oxidizable compounds from particles present in a container, a gas stream is continuously introduced into the container, the gas stream takes up the oxidizable compound from the particles in the container and a gas stream laden with the oxidizable compound is discharged from the container. In the method of the present invention, oxygen is added to the gas stream which has been discharged and the oxidizable compound present in the discharged gas stream is subsequently at least partly catalytically oxidized by means of the oxygen and this oxidized gas stream forms at least part of the gas stream introduced, so that the gas stream is circulated. This makes safe and inexpensive removal of the oxidizable compounds from the particles possible.
摘要翻译： 在从容器中存在的颗粒中除去挥发性可氧化化合物的方法中，将气流连续地引入容器中，气流从容器中的颗粒中吸收可氧化的化合物，并且将含有可氧化化合物的气流排出 从容器。 在本发明的方法中，向被排出的气流中加入氧气，然后通过氧气将存在于排出气流中的可氧化化合物至少部分地进行催化氧化，该氧化气流形成至少一部分 的气流引入，使气流循环。 这使得可以从可能的颗粒中安全和便宜地除去可氧化化合物。
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10.发明授权Protection module for EUV lithography apparatus, and EUV lithography apparatus 有权EUV光刻设备的保护模块和EUV光刻设备公开(公告)号：US08698999B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-15
申请号：US13041989
申请日：2011-03-07
申请人： Dirk Heinrich Ehm , Timo Laufer , Ben Banney , Jens Kugler , Ulrich Nieken , Franz Keller
发明人： Dirk Heinrich Ehm , Timo Laufer , Ben Banney , Jens Kugler , Ulrich Nieken , Franz Keller
CPC分类号： G03F7/70933 , G03F7/70883 , G03F7/70916 , G03F7/70983
摘要： In EUV lithography apparatuses (10), it is proposed, in order to lengthen the lifetime of contamination-sensitive components, to arrange them in a protection module. The protection module comprises a housing (23-29) having at least one opening (37-47), in which at least one component (13a, 13b, 15, 16, 18, 19) is arranged and at which one or more gas feeds (30-36) are provided in order to introduce a gas flow into the housing (23-29), which emerges through the at least one opening (37-47). In order to effectively prevent contaminating substances from penetrating into the protection module, a light source (48-56) is arranged at the at least one opening (37-47), which light source illuminates the opening (37-47) with one or more wavelengths by which the contaminating substances can be dissociated before they penetrate through the opening (37-47).
摘要翻译： 在EUV光刻设备（10）中，为了延长污染敏感元件的寿命，提出将它们安置在保护模块中。 保护模块包括具有至少一个开口（37-47）的壳体（23-29），其中布置有至少一个部件（13a，13b，15,16,18,19），并且一个或多个气体 提供进料（30-36）以便将气流引入通过至少一个开口（37-47）出现的壳体（23-29）中。 为了有效地防止污染物质渗透到保护模块中，光源（48-56）布置在至少一个开口（37-47）处，该光源照射开口（37-47），其中一个或 污染物质在穿透开口（37-47）之前可以分解的更多波长。
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