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    Processes for the production of mono- and multifilaments and staple fibers based on kolyarylene sulfides and high-strength polyarylene sulfide fibers
    1.
    发明授权
    Processes for the production of mono- and multifilaments and staple fibers based on kolyarylene sulfides and high-strength polyarylene sulfide fibers 失效

    公开(公告)号：US5215819A

    公开(公告)日：1993-06-01

    申请号：US621403

    申请日：1990-12-03

    申请人： Wolfgang Anderheggen ,  Michael Kraemer ,  Roland Vogelsgesang ,  Wolfram Wagner ,  Wolfgang Olges ,  Thomas Dragovic

    发明人： Wolfgang Anderheggen ,  Michael Kraemer ,  Roland Vogelsgesang ,  Wolfram Wagner ,  Wolfgang Olges ,  Thomas Dragovic

    IPC分类号： D01D5/08 ,  D01F6/76

    CPC分类号： D01D5/08 ,  D01F6/765 ,  Y10T428/2909 ,  Y10T428/2913 ,  Y10T428/2922

    摘要： This invention relates to processes for the production of mono- and multifilaments and also staple fibers of multifilaments based on polyarylene sulfides, preferably substantially linear polyarylene sulfides and, more preferably, substantially linear poly-p-phenylene sulfide by melt spinning, multistage stretching and optionally crimping and setting.As a result of the treatment by blowing of air onto the stabilized spun filaments in the first stretching stages at temperatures .ltoreq.100.degree. C. (preferably in stretching baths, more particularly in boiling water), the chain molecules are oriented; the orientation and crystallinity required for high strengths is achieved by afterstretching (in hot air) at elevated temperature. The residence times in the first stage required for effective stretching in accordance with the invention can only be varied within relatively narrow limits in order subsequently to achieve the calculated orientations and effects, particularly high strengths, crystallinities and densities. Overly long residence times at temperatures above 100.degree. C. result in elongation of the material with no additional orientation and hence with an inadequate increase in strength.To increase crystallinity and strength in the production of mono- and multifilaments, multistage stretching may be followed by a thermal aftertreatment; in the staple fiber process, the material is additionally crimped, set (in the absence of tension) and cut. Where an aerodynamic crimping nozzle is used, as is preferably the case, stretching has to be carried out in accordance with the invention in such a way that the fibers are left with sufficiently high shrinkage which is important for crimping and subsequent processing. Crimping is improved by setting in the absence of tension. Relatively high-tensile fibers with sufficiently high residual crimping for subsequent processing are obtained.Textile-denier fibers (up to about 20 dtex) having hitherto unknown strengths of >6 cN/dtex, preferably >6.2 cN/dtex and, more preferably, >6.4 cN/dtex are claimed.

    Processes for the production of mono- and multifilaments and staple fibers based on polyarylene sulfides
    2.
    发明授权
    Processes for the production of mono- and multifilaments and staple fibers based on polyarylene sulfides 失效
    用于生产基于聚亚芳基硫化物的单丝和复丝和短纤维的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5024797A

    公开(公告)日：1991-06-18

    申请号：US522296

    申请日：1990-05-11

    申请人： Wolfgang Anderheggen ,  Michael Kraemer ,  Roland Vogelsgesang ,  Wolfram Wagner ,  Wolfgang Olges ,  Thomas Dragovic

    发明人： Wolfgang Anderheggen ,  Michael Kraemer ,  Roland Vogelsgesang ,  Wolfram Wagner ,  Wolfgang Olges ,  Thomas Dragovic

    IPC分类号： D01D5/08 ,  D01D5/12 ,  D01F6/76 ,  D02J1/22

    CPC分类号： D01D5/08 ,  D01F6/765

    摘要： Processes for the production of mono- and multifilaments and also staple fibers of multifilaments based on polyarylene sulfides by melt spinning, multistage stretching and setting. As a result of the treatment by blowing of air onto the stabilized spun filaments in the first stretching stages at temperatures .ltoreq.100.degree. C., the chain molecules are oriented; the orientation and crystallinity required for high strengths is achieved by afterstretching at elevated temperature. The residence times in the first stage required for effective stretching can only be varied within relatively narrow limits in order subsequently to achieve the calculated orientations and effects. Overly long residence times at temperatures above 100.degree. C. result in elongation of the material with no additional orientation and hence with an inadequate increase in strength.

    摘要翻译： 用于通过熔融纺丝，多段拉伸和定型来生产单丝和多丝以及基于聚亚芳基硫化物的复丝的短纤维的方法。 作为通过在100℃的温度下在第一拉伸阶段中将空气吹到稳定纺丝上进行处理的结果，链分子被取向; 高强度所需的取向和结晶度通过在升高的温度下拉伸来实现。 在有效拉伸所需的第一阶段中的停留时间只能在相对窄的范围内变化，以便随后实现计算的取向和效果。 超过100℃的过长停留时间导致材料的伸长，没有额外的取向，因此强度不足。

    METAL-DOPED NICKEL OXIDES AS CATALYSTS FOR THE METHANATION OF CARBON MONOXIDE
    6.
    发明申请
    METAL-DOPED NICKEL OXIDES AS CATALYSTS FOR THE METHANATION OF CARBON MONOXIDE 审中-公开
    金属氧化镍作为一氧化碳甲烷的催化剂

    公开(公告)号：US20100168257A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-07-01

    申请号：US12530584

    申请日：2008-03-11

    申请人： Matthias Duisberg ,  Wilhelm F. Maier ,  Michael Kraemer

    发明人： Matthias Duisberg ,  Wilhelm F. Maier ,  Michael Kraemer

    IPC分类号： C07C1/02 ,  B01J23/889 ,  B01J23/89 ,  B01J21/04 ,  B01J23/78 ,  B01J21/06

    CPC分类号： B01J23/894 ,  B01J21/06 ,  B01J21/063 ,  B01J23/76 ,  B01J23/83 ,  B01J23/889 ,  B01J23/892 ,  B01J23/8933 ,  B01J29/072 ,  B01J37/036 ,  C01B3/586 ,  C01B2203/0445 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C07C1/043 ,  C07C2523/889 ,  C07C2523/89 ,  H01M8/0668 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  C07C9/04

    摘要： The invention relates to catalysts for the methanation of carbon monoxide, which comprise metal-doped nickel oxide of the composition (in mol %) (M1)a(M2)bNicOxwhere a=0.1 to 5 mol %, b=3 to 20 mol % and c=100−(a+b) mol % and M1 comprises at least one metal of transition group VII or VIII of the PTE (=Periodic Table of the Elements) and M2 comprises at least one metal of transition group III or IV of the PTE. The catalysts can be used as pure catalysts or as supported catalysts, if appropriate applied as coatings to an inert support body. They display high conversion and high selectivity and are used in methanation processes of CO in hydrogen-containing gas mixtures, in particular in reformates for operation of fuel cells. The catalysts of the invention can be prepared by precipitation, impregnation, sol-gel methods, sintering processes or by powder synthesis.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于一氧化碳甲烷化的催化剂，其包含组合物的金属掺杂的氧化镍（以摩尔％计）（M1）a（M2）bNicOx，其中a = 0.1至5摩尔％，b = 3至20摩尔％ 和c = 100-（a + b）摩尔％，M1包含PTE（=元素周期表）的过渡基团VII或VIII中的至少一种金属，M2包含至少一种过渡族III或IV族金属 PTE。 催化剂可以用作纯催化剂或作为负载型催化剂，如果适用，则用作惰性载体的涂层。 它们具有高转化率和高选择性，并且用于含氢气体混合物中CO的甲烷化过程，特别是用于燃料电池操作的重整产物。 本发明的催化剂可以通过沉淀，浸渍，溶胶 - 凝胶法，烧结工艺或粉末合成法制备。

    Electromagnetic hydraulic valve, in particular a 3/2-way directional control valve, for controlling a variable drive train of an internal combustion engine
    8.
    发明申请
    Electromagnetic hydraulic valve, in particular a 3/2-way directional control valve, for controlling a variable drive train of an internal combustion engine 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20070062588A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-03-22

    申请号：US11454966

    申请日：2006-06-16

    申请人： Eduard Golovatai-Schmidt ,  Michael Kraemer

    发明人： Eduard Golovatai-Schmidt ,  Michael Kraemer

    IPC分类号： F15B13/044

    CPC分类号： F16K31/0637 ,  F01L1/34 ,  F01L2001/34426 ,  F01L2001/3443 ,  Y10T137/86622 ,  Y10T137/86678 ,  Y10T137/87217

    摘要： The invention relates to a hydraulic valve (1), which comprises an electromagnet (2) with a magnet armature (3) as well as the valve part (4) with at least two valve seats (5, 6). The electromagnet (2) is formed by a hollow-cylindrical plastic coil former (8), a coil winding (10) which is accommodated in the latter and a magnet housing (11) which encloses the coil winding (10), the hollow cylinder of the coil former (8) being formed as an armature space (14) of the magnet armature (3), into which an upper magnet pole (15) and a lower magnet pole (16) protrude. The valve part (4) is formed by a hollow-cylindrical valve housing (18), which has a pressure connection (P) at the end as well as a consumer connection (A) and a tank connection (T), respectively arranged in its lateral surface (19), in the hollow cylinder of which housing two cup-shaped deep-drawn parts (23, 24) with the valve seats (5, 6) are pressed. The hydraulic valve (1) can be inserted into a complementary valve receptacle by the valve part (4) and has a fastening flange (26), by means of which it can be screwed on the valve receptacle in a manner sealing the pressure medium. According to the invention, at least the magnet housing (11) and the lower magnet pole (16) of the electromagnet (2) and/or the valve housing (18) and the fastening flange (26) of the hydraulic valve (1) are respectively formed as one-part integral components and as individual parts which can be produced without machining.