摘要:
A film for optical elements is formed by a liquid crystalline composition comprising the following components (a) and (b): (a) a liquid crystalline polymer which exhibits an optically positive uniaxial property; and (b) a polycyclic compound having a molecular weight of not more than 1,000 and wherein a plurality of alicyclic rings and/or aromatic rings are connected together through a linkage chain of 0 to 4 main-chain carbon atoms bonded to different ring carbon atoms, with hydrocarbon groups each having 1 to 20 carbon atoms being bonded respectively to both end rings through a linkage chain of 0 to 4 main-chain carbon atoms, an orientation form formed in the state of liquid crystal of said liquid crystalline composition being fixed.
摘要:
A compensating film capable of compensating both twist structure based on a liquid crystal cell and refractive index anisotropy to diminish the visual angle dependence of a liquid crystal display is provided.The film is formed using a discotic liquid crystalline material and the orientation form of the discotic liquid crystal is a twisted orientation.
摘要:
There are provided methods and apparatus allowing effective production of high purity hydrogen and recovery of carbon dioxide. There is disclosed a method of hydrogen production and carbon dioxide recovery for producing hydrogen and recovering carbon dioxide from a carbon-containing fuel, the method including a membrane separation reforming step of, with the use of a reformer provided with a hydrogen-permeable membrane, reforming the carbon-containing fuel and simultaneously separating hydrogen to obtain a hydrogen-permeable membrane permeated gas which is a gas having permeated the hydrogen-permeable membrane and a reformer off-gas which is a gas not having permeated the hydrogen-permeable membrane, and the method further comprising: with the use of a hydrogen separation membrane and a carbon dioxide separation membrane, treating the reformer off-gas to obtain a hydrogen-enriched gas and a carbon dioxide-enriched gas; or subjecting the reformer off-gas to a shift reaction and then separating the resulting gas into a carbon dioxide-enriched gas and a gas enriched in components other than carbon dioxide. Also disclosed is an apparatus for carrying out the method.
摘要:
A hydrogen production process and a reactor for dehydrogenation in which it is possible to mix hydrogen with a raw material for a dehydrogenation reaction easily and simply and suppress a reduction in the performance of a dehydrogenation reaction catalyst when hydrogen is produced by combining the dehydrogenation reaction of organic hydrides or the like with a hydrogen separation membrane. A flow-type reactor for dehydrogenation of an organic compound includes a hydrogen separation membrane selectively permeable to hydrogen; and a dehydrogenation catalyst for promoting a dehydrogenation reaction of an organic compound which can release hydrogen upon the dehydrogenation reaction, including: a reaction side area through which the organic compound can flow and which includes the dehydrogenation catalyst and a permeation side area which is separated from the reaction side area by the hydrogen separation membrane and through which hydrogen that has passed through the hydrogen separation membrane can flow.
摘要:
The hydrogen storage material of the invention is a hydrogen storage material comprising metal fine particles with hydrogen storage capacity, and an organic compound that has at least two specific groups that can bind with the metal fine particles, and that is bonded with the metal fine particles by the specific groups.
摘要:
According to the invention a derivative of brendane is provided. The derivative of brendane is represented by the general formula of: ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 each represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. The brendane derivative is prepared by reacting an alkenylnorbornene of the general formula of: ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 each represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, with carbon monoxide and an alcohol or water in the presence of a catalyst of Group VIII metal compound of the periodic table.
摘要:
There are provided methods and apparatus allowing effective production of high purity hydrogen and recovery of carbon dioxide. There is disclosed a method of hydrogen production and carbon dioxide recovery for producing hydrogen and recovering carbon dioxide from a carbon-containing fuel, the method including a membrane separation reforming step of, with the use of a reformer provided with a hydrogen-permeable membrane, reforming the carbon-containing fuel and simultaneously separating hydrogen to obtain a hydrogen-permeable membrane permeated gas which is a gas having permeated the hydrogen-permeable membrane and a reformer off-gas which is a gas not having permeated the hydrogen-permeable membrane, and the method further comprising: with the use of a hydrogen separation membrane and a carbon dioxide separation membrane, treating the reformer off-gas to obtain a hydrogen-enriched gas and a carbon dioxide-enriched gas; or subjecting the reformer off-gas to a shift reaction and then separating the resulting gas into a carbon dioxide-enriched gas and a gas enriched in components other than carbon dioxide. Also disclosed is an apparatus for carrying out the method.
摘要:
The invention provides an organic compound(s) hydrogenation device that allows hydrogen derived from water to be stored essentially without generating hydrogen gas. The organic compound hydrogenation device of the invention comprises an oxidation chamber that holds a water-containing electrolyte, a reduction chamber that holds an organic compound(s) with an unsaturated bond, an electrolyte membrane with ion permeability that separates the electrolyte held in the oxidation chamber from the organic compound(s) held in the reduction chamber, an oxidizing electrode that generates protons from the water held in the oxidation chamber, and a reducing electrode that hydrogenates the organic compound(s) held in the reduction chamber.
摘要:
A system is provided for desulfurizing a hydrocarbon fuel containing a light amount of methanol and a slight amount of water. The desulfurization system uses a Y-type zeolite-based desulfurizing agent containing at least copper arranged upstream of the system and an X-type zeolite-based desulfurizing agent containing at least silver arranged downstream of the system and thus can maintain desulfurization effect for a long period of time.
摘要:
The hydrogen storage material of the invention is a hydrogen storage material comprising metal fine particles with hydrogen storage capacity, and an organic compound that has at least two specific groups that can bind with the metal fine particles, and that is bonded with the metal fine particles by the specific groups.