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    Endotracheal tube using leak hole to lower dead space
    1.
    发明授权
    Endotracheal tube using leak hole to lower dead space 有权

    公开(公告)号：US07107991B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-09-19

    申请号：US09967903

    申请日：2001-09-28

    申请人： Theodor Kolobow

    发明人： Theodor Kolobow

    IPC分类号： A61M16/00 ,  A62B9/06

    CPC分类号： A61M16/04 ,  A61M16/0425

    摘要： A tracheal tube ventilation apparatus to more effectively remove expired gases. In one preferred embodiment, one or more leak holes are created in the side walls of an endotracheal tube so that expired gases can leak out of the endotracheal tube above the larynx, such as into the back of the mouth (i.e., oropharynx). Each leak hole might advantageously have a diameter between 0.5 and 4.0 mm. In another preferred embodiment, a tube is attached to a proportionately larger leak hole (e.g., up to 8.0 mm) so that the expired gases can be directed away from the leak hole to a specific location, such as directed out of the mouth. In the case of mechanically controlled ventilation, a positive end expiratory pressure can be applied to this tube to mechanically assist with the process of exhaling. In each of these embodiments, it is preferred, but not required, that the endotracheal tube be an ultra-thin walled, two stage tube so as to further assist in the reduction of resistance to the flow of oxygen/air.

    Methods of treating established colitis using antibodies against IL-12
    3.
    发明授权
    Methods of treating established colitis using antibodies against IL-12 失效
    使用抗IL-12抗体治疗既定结肠炎的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5853697A

    公开(公告)日：1998-12-29

    申请号：US547979

    申请日：1995-10-25

    申请人： Warren Strober ,  Ivan Fuss ,  Markus Neurath

    发明人： Warren Strober ,  Ivan Fuss ,  Markus Neurath

    IPC分类号： G01N33/53 ,  A61K31/00 ,  A61K38/00 ,  A61K39/395 ,  A61P1/00 ,  C07K16/24 ,  C12N15/09 ,  C12N15/24 ,  C12P21/08 ,  G01N33/15 ,  G01N33/543

    CPC分类号： C07K16/244 ,  A61K38/00 ,  Y10S436/811

    摘要： The present invention provides a method for treating the inflammatory response of an established colitis in a subject with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising administering to a subject diagnosed with an established colitis from an IBD an amount of an antibody to interleukin-12 effective in reducing the colitis-inducing effect of interleukin-12. Also provided is a method for screening a substance for its effectiveness in reducing the inflammatory response of an established colitis comprising obtaining an animal having an established colitis; administering the substance to an animal; and assaying the animal for an effect on interleukin-12 which results in the reduction of the inflammatory response of the colitis, an amount of reduction of the inflammatory response greater than the amount of reduction produced by the administration of antibodies against interferon-gamma or tumor necrosis factor-alpha indicating an effective substance. Additionally, the present invention provides a method for screening a substance for its effectiveness in preventing inflammatory bowel disease comprising administering the substance to an animal susceptible to colitis; subjecting the animal to a treatment that will induce a colitis; assaying the animal for the development of a colitis; and comparing the effectiveness of the substance in preventing development of a colitis to the effectiveness of antibodies to interferon-gamma or tumor necrosis factor-alpha in preventing development of a colitis, a substance more effective in preventing the development of a colitis than antibodies to interferon-gamma or tumor necrosis factor-alpha indicating an effective substance.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于治疗患有炎性肠病（IBD）的受试者中确定的结肠炎的炎症反应的方法，其包括向IBD诊断患有已确立的结肠炎的受试者施用有效白细胞介素-12抗体的量 降低白细胞介素-12的结肠炎诱导作用。 还提供了筛选物质以降低既定结肠炎的炎症反应的有效性的方法，包括获得具有既定结肠炎的动物; 将物质施用于动物; 并测定动物对白细胞介素-12的影响，其导致结肠炎的炎症反应的降低，炎症反应的减少量大于通过施用针对干扰素-γ或肿瘤的抗体产生的还原量 坏死因子-α表示有效物质。 另外，本发明提供了用于筛选物质以防止炎症性肠病的有效性的方法，其包括向易感染结肠炎的动物施用该物质; 对动物进行会引起结肠炎的治疗; 测定动物以发展结肠炎; 并比较该物质在预防结肠炎发展中的作用与抗体对干扰素-γ或肿瘤坏死因子-α在预防结肠炎发展中的有效性方面的有效性，这是比抗干扰素抗体更有效预防结肠炎发生的物质 γ或肿瘤坏死因子-α表示有效物质。

    Instrument for measurement of exposure from a laser radiation
    7.
    发明授权
    Instrument for measurement of exposure from a laser radiation 失效
    用于测量激光辐射暴露的仪器

    公开(公告)号：US4397552A

    公开(公告)日：1983-08-09

    申请号：US202727

    申请日：1980-10-31

    申请人： Jeffrey L. Silberberg

    发明人： Jeffrey L. Silberberg

    IPC分类号： G01J1/42 ,  G01J1/44

    CPC分类号： G01J1/4257

    摘要： An instrument for measuring laser energy in the visible range and which determines when the optical energy exceeds the accessible emission limit for a Class I laser. The instrument employs a photoelectric detector and a filter for a range of 476 to 633 nm. The instrument measures the optical energy as a function of time and compares the measured value with the accessible emission limit for a Class I laser at various critical points in time. A 3-digit engineering-notation display format is used to output the computed time at which the laser energy exceeds the Class I limit, as well as the total energy measured in 10 seconds. The instrument is adapted to measure either CW laser radiation, pulsed laser radiation, or each pulse of laser radiation, computes and applies a correction factor for optical error conditions or variations between optical detectors, and measures and compensates for background energy. Mode and scale information, and sensed data, are read into a micro computer and are read out on a LCD display.

    摘要翻译： 用于在可见光范围内测量激光能量的仪器，用于确定何时光能超过I类激光器的可接近的发射极限。 仪器采用光电探测器和滤波器，范围为476至633 nm。 仪器测量作为时间的函数的光能，并将测量值与在各种关键时间点的I类激光器的可接近的发射极限进行比较。 使用3位工程符号显示格式输出激光能量超过I类限制的计算时间，以及在10秒内测量的总能量。 该仪器适用于测量CW激光辐射，脉冲激光辐射或每个激光辐射脉冲，计算并应用光学误差条件或光学检测器之间的变化的校正因子，并测量和补偿背景能量。 模式和比例信息以及感测数据被读入微计算机，并在LCD显示器上读出。

    Respiratory syncytial virus vaccines expressing protective antigens from promoter-proximal genes
    8.
    发明授权
    Respiratory syncytial virus vaccines expressing protective antigens from promoter-proximal genes 失效
    呼吸道合胞病毒疫苗从启动子近端基因表达保护性抗原

    公开(公告)号：US06923971B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-08-02

    申请号：US09887469

    申请日：2001-06-22

    申请人： Christine D. Krempl ,  Peter L. Collins ,  Brian R. Murphy ,  Ursula Buchholz ,  Stephen S. Whitehead

    发明人： Christine D. Krempl ,  Peter L. Collins ,  Brian R. Murphy ,  Ursula Buchholz ,  Stephen S. Whitehead

    IPC分类号： A61K39/155 ,  C12N7/00 ,  C12N7/01 ,  C12Q1/70

    CPC分类号： C12N7/00 ,  A61K39/12 ,  A61K39/155 ,  A61K2039/5254 ,  A61K2039/5256 ,  C12N2760/18521 ,  C12N2760/18534 ,  C12N2760/18543

    摘要： Recombinant respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) having the position of genes shifted within the genome or antigenome of the recombinant virus are constructed by insertion, deletion or rearrangement of genes or genome segments within the recombinant genome or antigenome and are useful for eliciting an anti-RSV immune response. Shifting the position of genes in this manner provides for a selected increase or decrease in expression of the gene. In one embodiment, expression of RSV glycoproteins is upregulated by shifting one or more glycoprotein-encoding genes to a more promoter-proximal position. Genes of interest for manipulation to create gene position-shifted RSV include any of the NS1, NS2, N, P, M, SH, M2(ORF1), M2(ORF2), L, F or G genes or a genome segment that may be part of a gene or extragenic. Additional mutations and nucleotide modifications are provided within gene position-shifted RSV to yield desired phenotypic and structural effects.

    摘要翻译： 具有在重组病毒的基因组或反向原核基因内移位的基因位置的重组呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）通过在重组基因组或反向原核基因组内的基因或基因组片段的插入，缺失或重排而构建，并且可用于引发抗RSV 免疫反应。 以这种方式转移基因的位置提供了基因表达的选择性增加或减少。 在一个实施方案中，通过将一个或多个编码糖蛋白的基因移位到更多的启动子近端位置来上调RSV糖蛋白的表达。 用于产生基因位置偏移RSV的操作感兴趣的基因包括NS1，NS2，N，P，M，SH，M2（ORF1），M2（ORF2），L，F或G基因中的任何一个或可能 成为基因的一部分或非原生质体。 在基因位置偏移RSV中提供了额外的突变和核苷酸修饰，以产生所需的表型和结构效应。

    Attenuated respiratory syncytial virus vaccine compositions
    9.
    发明授权
    Attenuated respiratory syncytial virus vaccine compositions 失效
    减毒呼吸道合胞病毒疫苗组合物

    公开(公告)号：US5922326A

    公开(公告)日：1999-07-13

    申请号：US327263

    申请日：1994-10-21

    申请人： Brian R. Murphy ,  Robert M. Chanock ,  James E. Crowe, Jr. ,  Mark Connors

    发明人： Brian R. Murphy ,  Robert M. Chanock ,  James E. Crowe, Jr. ,  Mark Connors

    IPC分类号： C12N7/00 ,  A61K39/155 ,  A61K39/39 ,  A61P31/12 ,  A61P31/14 ,  C12N7/04 ,  C12N7/08

    CPC分类号： C12N7/00 ,  A61K39/12 ,  A61K39/155 ,  A61K2039/5254 ,  A61K2039/543 ,  C12N2760/18534 ,  C12N2760/18561

    摘要： The present invention provides vaccine compositions of attenuated respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). More particularly, the attenuated virus may be a derivative of RSV which has been incompletely attenuated by cold-passage or introduction of mutations which produce virus having a temperature sensitive (ts) or cold adapted (ca) phenotype. The invention also provides methods for stimulating the immune system of an individual to induce protection against respiratory syncytial virus by administration of attenuated RSV. The invention also provides pure cultures of attenuated RS virus, wherein the virus has been more completely attenuated by the further derivatization of previously identified incompletely attenuated ts or cp mutants.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供减毒呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）的疫苗组合物。 更具体地，减毒病毒可以是RSV的衍生物，其通过冷通道或引入产生具有温度敏感（ts）或冷适应（ca）表型的病毒的突变而不完全减毒。 本发明还提供了刺激个体的免疫系统以通过施用减毒RSV诱导针对呼吸道合胞病毒的保护的方法。 本发明还提供了减毒RS病毒的纯培养物，其中通过进一步衍生以前鉴定的不完全衰减的ts或cp突变体，病毒已被更完全地减毒。