摘要:
A process for hardening tubulars and increasing their surface area for heat transfer can be performed in place in a borehole or on the surface. A pattern is applied to an interior wall with at laser, electron beam or radiation source that is remotely controlled to apply the hardening pattern to the inside or outside wall as inert gas or clean fluid is applied. Pressure differential is applied to the wall so that the non-hardened portions or the negative of the hardened pattern plastically or elastically deform to increase surface area and enhance load resistance of tubular or sheets. Alternatively, wall differential pressure is applied with an insert having a raised pattern on its exterior surface causing the spaces where the pattern is absent to plastically deform to enhance surface area. When done in a borehole annulus pressure or stand pipe pressure is applied or a vacuum is pulled inside the tubular to generate differential pressure for hydro-forming or switching dents in an opposite stable condition. The insert can be removed mechanically, or by dissolving or disintegration. Geothermal and SAGD applications are envisioned.
摘要:
A method of manufacturing an outer joint member of a constant velocity universal joint includes forming cup and shaft members of medium carbon steel, the cup member being manufactured by preparing a cup member having cylindrical and bottom portions being integrally formed, and a fitting hole formed in a thick portion of the bottom portion, the shaft member being manufactured by preparing a shaft member having a fitting outer surface formed at an end portion of the shaft member to be joined to the bottom portion of the cup member, and fitting the fitting hole of the cup member to the fitting outer surface of the shaft member. The method also includes welding the cup and shaft members from an inner side of the cup member to a fitted portion between the cup and shaft members.
摘要:
A plasma system includes a plasma arc torch, a cylindrical tube and an eductor. The plasma arc torch includes a cylindrical vessel having a first end and a second end, a first tangential inlet/outlet connected to or proximate to the first end, a second tangential inlet/outlet connected to or proximate to the second end, an electrode housing connected to the first end such that a first electrode is (a) aligned with a longitudinal axis of the cylindrical vessel, and (b) extends into the cylindrical vessel, and a hollow electrode nozzle connected to the second end of the cylindrical vessel. The cylindrical tube is attached to the hollow electrode nozzle and aligned with the longitudinal axis, the cylindrical tube having a side inlet and a radio frequency coil disposed around or embedded within the cylindrical tube. The eductor is attached to the cylindrical tube and aligned with the longitudinal axis.
摘要:
A phenomenon where a depicted pattern becomes unclear owing to a rotational runout of a roller mold in the direction of a rotary shaft is suppressed while restraining an increase in the cost. For the purpose of achieving the above, a roller mold manufacturing device (1) is provided with an electron beam irradiation device (2); a mask (3) which has an opening that allows passage of some of electron beams, and which forms a plurality of beams that perform simultaneous depiction on a resist; a rotation drive device (4) which rotates a roller mold (100) around a rotary shaft (8); a displacement amount detection sensor (5) which detects a rotational runout displacement amount of the roller mold (100) in the direction of the rotary shaft (8); a control device (6); and an actuator (7) which, based on a control signal from the control device (6), allows a depiction position by the electron beams to follow the displacement of the roller mold (100) in the direction of the rotary shaft (8), wherein misalignment of an exposed position of the resist, which is caused by rotational runout displacement of the roller mold (100) in the direction of the rotary shaft (8), is suppressed.
摘要:
Methods and systems are provided for using optical interferometry in the context of material modification processes such as surgical laser or welding applications. An imaging optical source that produces imaging light. A feedback controller controls at least one processing parameter of the material modification process based on an interferometry output generated using the imaging light. A method of processing interferograms is provided based on homodyne filtering. A method of generating a record of a material modification process using an interferometry output is provided.
摘要:
A method of forming a sample from a capillary with high-pressure frozen sample material comprises providing a high-pressure capillary with vitrified sample material at a temperature T1 below the glass transition temperature Tg, cutting the capillary, warming the capillary to a temperature T2 between temperature T1 and temperature Tg, cooling the capillary to a temperature T3 below temperature T2, as a result of which material is extruded from the capillary, and freeing a sample from the extruded sample material at a temperature below temperature Tg. Repeating this temperature cycle results in further extrusion of the sample material. The extruded material can then be sliced by, for example, ion beam milling.
摘要:
A phenomenon where a depicted pattern becomes unclear owing to a rotational runout of a roller mold in the direction of a rotary shaft is suppressed while restraining an increase in the cost. For the purpose of achieving the above, a roller mold manufacturing device (1) is provided with an electron beam irradiation device (2); a mask (3) which has an opening that allows passage of some of electron beams, and which forms a plurality of beams that perform simultaneous depiction on a resist; a rotation drive device (4) which rotates a roller mold (100) around a rotary shaft (8); a displacement amount detection sensor (5) which detects a rotational runout displacement amount of the roller mold (100) in the direction of the rotary shaft (8); a control device (6); and an actuator (7) which, based on a control signal from the control device (6), allows a depiction position by the electron beams to follow the displacement of the roller mold (100) in the direction of the rotary shaft (8), wherein misalignment of an exposed position of the resist, which is caused by rotational runout displacement of the roller mold (100) in the direction of the rotary shaft (8), is suppressed.
摘要:
A method of drilling through a wall of a hollow component in which a high energy beam is directed at an outer surface of the wall and emerges into a cavity from an inner surface of the wall, comprising the step of providing in the cavity a medium comprising a ceramic dispersed within a silica sol.
摘要:
To enable fabrication of a precise stamped product having an extremely low surface roughness. Ripples 24 having depths ranging from 10 to 100 nm are formed with periodicities ranging from 100 to 1000 nm on a stamping tool surface that comes into contact with a workpiece material. The ripples 24 have a stripe shape extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of sliding between the stamping tool (die 21) and the workpiece material (the direction of the arrow a). The ripples 24 serve as micro pools. For example, a product that is required to have a surface roughness of the order of several tens of nm or lower can be satisfactorily stamped.
摘要:
A bed slat cap is configured to protect a bed slat in a fluid jet cutting system. A fluid jet cutting system includes a plurality of bed slats, at least some of the plurality of bed slats being protected by one or more corresponding bed slat caps. A bed slat cap may include a hardened material to protect the bed slat. A bed slat cap may include a material softer than the bed slaps to protect the bottom of a workpiece. A fluid jet bed slat may be constructed as a composite assembly including a support portion and one or more fluid jet impingement portions.