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    Method of waste stabilization with dewatered chemically bonded phosphate ceramics
    1.
    发明申请
    Method of waste stabilization with dewatered chemically bonded phosphate ceramics 有权
    脱水化学键合磷酸盐陶瓷废物稳定化方法

    公开(公告)号：US20060235258A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-10-19

    申请号：US10547445

    申请日：2004-02-26

    Applicant: Arun Wagh ,  Martin Maloney

    Inventor： Arun Wagh ,  Martin Maloney

    IPC: B09B3/00

    CPC classification number: B09B3/0041 ,  C04B28/342 ,  C04B2111/00767 ,  G21F9/16 ,  G21F9/302 ,  G21F9/304 ,  G21F9/305 ,  Y02W30/91 ,  C04B14/304 ,  C04B18/04 ,  C04B40/0028 ,  C04B40/0263 ,  C04B2103/0094 ,  C04B2103/0095 ,  C04B2103/0096

    Abstract: A method of stabilizing a waste in a chemically bonded phosphate ceramic (CBPC). The method consists of preparing a slurry including the waste, water, an oxide binder, and a phosphate binder. The slurry is then allowed to cure to a solid, hydrated CBPC matrix. Next, bound water within the solid, hydrated CBPC matrix is removed. Typically, the bound water is removed by applying heat to the cured CBPC matrix. Preferably, the quantity of heat applied to the cured CBPC matrix is sufficient to drive off water bound within the hydrated CBPC matrix, but not to volatalize other non-water components of the matrix, such as metals and radioactive components. Typically, a temperature range of between 100° C.-200° C. will be sufficient. In another embodiment of the invention wherein the waste and water have been mixed prior to the preparation of the slurry, a select amount of water may be evaporated from the waste and water mixture prior to preparation of the slurry. Another aspect of the invention is a direct anyhydrous CBPC fabrication method wherein water is removed from the slurry by heating and mixing the slurry while allowing the slurry to cure. Additional aspects of the invention are ceramic matrix waste forms prepared by the methods disclosed above.

    Abstract translation: 稳定化学键合磷酸盐陶瓷（CBPC）中的废物的方法。 该方法包括制备包括废物，水，氧化物粘合剂和磷酸盐粘合剂的浆料。 然后将浆液固化成固体，水合的CBPC基质。 接下来，去除固体水合CBPC基质中的结合水。 通常，通过向固化的CBPC基质施加热量来除去结合的水。 优选地，施加到固化的CBPC基质上的热量足以驱除在水合CBPC基质内结合的水，而不是挥发基质的其它非水组分，例如金属和放射性组分。 通常，在100℃-200℃之间的温度范围将是足够的。 在本发明的另一个实施方案中，其中在制备浆料之前将废物和水混合，在制备浆料之前可以从废物和水混合物中蒸发选择量的水。 本发明的另一方面是直接无水CBPC制造方法，其中通过在允许浆料固化的同时加热和混合浆料从浆料中除去水分。 本发明的另外的方面是通过上述方法制备的陶瓷基质废物形式。

    Methods of generating gas in and foaming well cement compositions
    3.
    发明授权
    Methods of generating gas in and foaming well cement compositions 失效
    产生气体和发泡好的水泥组合物的方法

    公开(公告)号：US06858566B1

    公开(公告)日：2005-02-22

    申请号：US10159001

    申请日：2002-05-31

    Applicant: B. Raghava Reddy ,  Karen Luke ,  Bryan K. Waugh ,  Roger S. Cromwell

    Inventor： B. Raghava Reddy ,  Karen Luke ,  Bryan K. Waugh ,  Roger S. Cromwell

    IPC: C04B38/02 ,  C09K8/46 ,  C09K8/473 ,  C09K3/00 ,  C04B16/08 ,  E21B33/13

    CPC classification number: C04B38/02 ,  C04B2103/0067 ,  C09K8/46 ,  C09K8/473 ,  C04B28/04 ,  C04B40/0028 ,  C04B40/0633 ,  C04B2103/0095

    Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of generating gas in and forming cement compositions that may be introduced into a subterranean zone. A method of the present invention provides a method of generating gas in a cement composition that comprises providing the cement composition comprising a hydraulic cement and water; providing an oxidizing agent; providing at least one gas generating chemical; and contacting the cement composition with the oxidizing agent and/or the gas generating chemical downstream of at least one cement pump so that a gas is generated in the cement composition downstream of at least one cement pump. Methods of foaming cement compositions are also provided.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及在可以引入地下区域中产生气体并形成水泥组合物的方法。 本发明的方法提供了一种在水泥组合物中产生气体的方法，该方法包括提供包含水硬性水泥和水的水泥组合物; 提供氧化剂; 提供至少一种产气化学品; 以及使所述水泥组合物与至少一个水泥泵下游的氧化剂和/或气体发生化学物质接触，使得在至少一个水泥泵下游的水泥组合物中产生气体。 还提供了发泡水泥组合物的方法。

    Compositions and methods of cementing in subterranean formations using a swelling agent to inhibit the influx of water into a cement slurry
    4.
    发明申请
    Compositions and methods of cementing in subterranean formations using a swelling agent to inhibit the influx of water into a cement slurry 有权
    使用溶胀剂在地层中固井的组合物和方法，以抑制水流入水泥浆中

    公开(公告)号：US20040168802A1

    公开(公告)日：2004-09-02

    申请号：US10375183

    申请日：2003-02-27

    Inventor： Prentice G. Creel ,  Charles L. Boatman ,  Richard H. Tate ,  Eldon Dwyann Dalrymple ,  Stephen P. Luscombe ,  John L. Eubank

    IPC: C04B014/00 ,  C04B016/00 ,  C04B024/00 ,  C04B028/10 ,  C04B007/00 ,  C04B024/10

    CPC classification number: E21B33/14 ,  C04B28/02 ,  C04B2103/0049 ,  C09K8/467 ,  C04B24/2652 ,  C04B40/06 ,  C04B2103/0095 ,  C04B2103/44 ,  C04B22/12 ,  C04B24/2641 ,  C04B24/38 ,  C04B40/0028

    Abstract: Methods of cementing in subterranean formations, cement compositions, and methods for making the compositions are provided. A cement slurry is passed into a subterranean formation, and a swelling agent is passed into the subterranean formation to reduce an amount of water flowing into the cement slurry. The swelling agent may be combined with a carrier fluid before being displaced into the subterranean formation. Alternatively, the swelling agent may be pre-mixed with the cement slurry to form a new cement composition, followed by displacing the cement composition into the subterranean formation. The swelling agent is present in an amount effective to, upon absorption of water and swelling to form a gel mass, substantially block the flow path of the water into the cement composition or reduce losses to low pore pressure intervals, thereby preventing the integrity of the cement composition from being compromised or lost to voidage, fractures, fissures, etc.

    Abstract translation: 提供在地层中固井的方法，水泥组合物和制备组合物的方法。 将水泥浆料送入地层，并将溶胀剂送入地层，以减少流入水泥浆料的水量。 膨胀剂可以在被移入地层之前与载体流体组合。 或者，可以将溶胀剂与水泥浆料预混合以形成新的水泥组合物，随后将水泥组合物置换到地层中。 溶胀剂的存在量是有效的，在吸收水和溶胀形成凝胶质量时，基本上阻止水进入水泥组合物的流动路径，或减少损失到低孔隙压力间隔，从而防止了 水泥组合物被破坏或失去空隙，裂缝，裂缝等

    Environmentally stabilized products formed from ash and papermill waste
    6.
    发明授权
    Environmentally stabilized products formed from ash and papermill waste 失效
    由灰分和造纸废物形成的环保产品

    公开(公告)号：US5346549A

    公开(公告)日：1994-09-13

    申请号：US967490

    申请日：1992-10-23

    Applicant: William B. Johnson

    Inventor： William B. Johnson

    IPC: C04B7/12 ,  C04B28/18 ,  C04B7/24

    CPC classification number: C04B18/027 ,  C04B28/021 ,  C04B30/02 ,  C04B2103/0095 ,  C04B2111/00612 ,  Y02W30/92 ,  Y02W30/97 ,  Y10S106/01

    Abstract: The invention provides a novel formed product and method of producing a hard, dry, e.g., agglomerated or formed, product useful as a construction material comprising: a) papermill sludge made up of paper fiber, clay and calcium carbonate, b) ash such as coal ash (typically stack scrubber solids obtained from the burning of coal), and c) water. The amount of water present is selected to render the product plastic so that it can be molded to the desired shape. An oxidizer is provided in a sufficient amount to oxidize unstable compounds and to convert potassium, calcium or magnesium bisulfite to the sulfate form. Following the addition of the oxidizer, the admixture is exposed to electromagnetic energy, preferably ultraviolet light, to help drive the oxidation reaction to completion. In an optional form of the invention, a minor amount of a cation exchange resin is added to the mixture to sequester heavy metals. The admixture is formed or molded into pieces or bodies of the desired shape, such as blocks, slabs or pellets or agglomerates. The resulting pieces dry and harden at room temperature. They are unfused, contain retained wood fiber, are substantially dust free, hard, dry, and environmentally stable. They give off little or no objectionable odor. They are clean and when placed in water, will not release significant quantities of heavy metals. The formed bodies have enough strength to be used as an aggregate in a concrete product that exhibits good compression strength.

    Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种生产用作建筑材料的坚硬，干燥，例如，凝聚或成形的产品的新型成型产品和方法，其包括：a）由纸纤维，粘土和碳酸钙构成的造纸泥浆，b）灰分如 煤灰（通常是从燃烧煤获得的堆垛器固体），和c）水。 选择存在的水量以使产品塑料变得可以模制成所需的形状。 提供足够量的氧化剂以氧化不稳定化合物并将钾，钙或镁亚硫酸氢盐转化为硫酸盐形式。 在添加氧化剂之后，将混合物暴露于电磁能，优选紫外光，以帮助驱动氧化反应完成。 在本发明的任选形式中，将少量的阳离子交换树脂加入到混合物中以螯合重金属。 混合物形成或模制成所需形状的块或体，例如块，板或颗粒或附聚物。 得到的碎片在室温下干燥并硬化。 它们是未被使用的，含有保留的木纤维，基本上无尘，坚硬，干燥和环境稳定。 他们发出很少或没有令人反感的气味。 它们是干净的，当放在水中时，不会释放大量的重金属。 成形体具有足够的强度，可用作具有良好抗压强度的混凝土产品中的骨料。

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