摘要:
Technologies to convert biomass to liquid hydrocarbon fuels are currently being developed to decrease our carbon footprint and increase use of renewable fuels. Since sugars/sugar derivatives from biomass have high oxygen content and low hydrogen content, coke becomes an issue during zeolite upgrading to liquid hydrocarbon fuels. A self-sustainable process was designed to reduce the coke by co-feeding sugars/sugar derivatives with the paraffin products from hydrogenation of sugars/sugar derivatives. Paraffins without complete conversion result in products with less aromatics and relatively low density compared with the products directly from zeolite upgrading. Thus, the process is more economically favorable.
摘要:
Изобретение относится к области получения бензина путем каталитической конверсии смеси Н 2 , СО и СО 2 через диметиловый эфир и/или метанол и может быть использовано для получения высокооктанового бензина. Техническая задача - улучшение качества бензина за счет снижения выхода ароматических углеводородов и увеличения содержания C 5 -углеводородов, а также повышение производительности процесса. Предложен способ получения экологически чистого бензина с октановым числом 92-93 по исследовательскому методу, включающий стадию синтеза ДМЭ из синтез-газа и стадию синтеза углеводородов из ДМЭ, проводимого в присутствии катализатора на основе цеолита типа пентасилов, содержащего оксид цинка и палладий, в котором стадию синтеза диметилового эфира осуществляют в реакторе синтеза оксигенатов, парогазовая смесь из реактора синтеза оксигенатов без промежуточного их отделения от непревращенных компонентов синтез-газа поступает в сепараторы, где происходит разделение ее на водную, углеводородную и газовую фазы, газовую фазу разделяют на два потока, первый поток рециркулируют в реактор синтеза оксигенатов (получения диметилового эфира).
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method for economically preparing paraffin compounds corresponding to gasoline fuel or a lubricating base oil by using volatile fatty acids (VFA) derived from biomass. The method according to the present invention comprises the following steps: preparing volatile C2-C4 fatty acids produced through fermentation of biomass; producing a mixture of C3-C7 ketones by ketonization of the volatile fatty acids; preparing C6-C60 ketones through aldol condensation of the produced ketones; and converting the C6-C60 ketones into C6-C60 paraffins through hydrodeoxygenation. Aldol condensation and hydrodeoxygenation can be carried out successively or be carried out simultaneously by one step, and can be carried out under low temperature conditions. If a catalyst is molded by physically mixing a material having one or more functions of condensation, hydrogenation, hydrodeoxygenation and the like or by using a binder material, or a catalyst system by formation of a dual layer is used, gasoline fuel or a high quality lubricating base oil can be directly prepared by an economical method.
摘要:
The present invention is directed to processes using a new crystalline molecular sieve designated SSZ-81, which is synthesized using a structure directing agent selected from 1,5-bis(1-azonia-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane)pentane dications, 1,5-bis(1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane)pentane dications, and mixtures thereof.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for producing hydrocarbon components, comprising: providing a feedstock comprising tall oil and terpene-based compounds; subjecting the feedstock and a hydrogen gas feed to a hydroprocessing treatment in the presence of a hydroprocessing catalyst to produce hydrocarbon components including n-paraffins, and subjecting the hydrocarbon components including n-paraffins to isomerisation in the presence of a dewaxing catalyst to form a mixture of hydrocarbon components. The invention also relates to an apparatus for implementing the process. The invention further relates to a use of the hydrocarbon components produced by the process as a fuel or as an additive in fuel compositions. The invention also relates to a use of a NiW catalyst on a support selected from AI 2 O 3 , zeolite, zeolite-AI 2 O 3 , and AI 2 O 3 -SiO 2 for producing fuel or an additive for fuel compositions from a feedstock comprising tall oil and terpene-based compounds.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种生产烃组分的方法,包括:提供包含妥尔油和萜烯类化合物的原料; 在加氢处理催化剂的存在下使原料和氢气进料进行加氢处理以产生包括正链烷烃的烃组分,并在脱蜡催化剂存在下将包含正链烷烃的烃组分进行异构化以形成混合物 的烃组分。 本发明还涉及一种用于实现该过程的装置。 本发明还涉及通过该方法生产的烃组分作为燃料或作为燃料组合物中的添加剂的用途。 本发明还涉及NiW催化剂在选自Al 2 O 3,沸石,沸石-Al 2 O 3和Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2的载体上的用途,用于从包含妥尔油和萜烯基化合物的原料生产燃料或用于燃料组合物的添加剂。
摘要:
L'invention décrit un procédé de production de bases hydrocarbonées distillats moyens à partir d'une charge issue de la biomasse, ledit procédé comprenant une étape de purification de ladite charge, une étape de déshydratation de ladite charge purifiée en un effluent majoritairement éthylènique comprenant de l'eau, ladite étape opérant en présence d'un catalyseur acide amorphe ou zéolithique, au moins une étape de séparation de l'eau et/ou purification, une première étape d'oligomérisation en au moins un effluent oléfinique léger comprenant au moins 50% poids d'oléfines ayant un nombre d'atomes de carbone supérieur ou égal à 4, en présence d'un catalyseur comprenant au moins un élément du groupe VIII et un support réfractaire oxyde poreux, une deuxième étape d'oligomérisation produisant des bases hydrocarbonées distillats moyens en présence d'un catalyseur amorphe ou zéolithique ayant au moins des ouvertures de pores contenant 10 ou 12 atomes d'oxygène et une étape de fractionnement de l'effluent issu de l'étape d'oligomérisation.
摘要:
Process for the preparation of for the preparation of an olefin product comprising ethylene and/or propylene, which process comprises the steps of a) cracking a paraffin feedstock comprising C2 - C5 paraffins under cracking conditions in a cracking zone to obtain a cracker effluent comprising olefins; b) converting an oxygenate feedstock in an oxygenate-to-olefins conversion system, comprising a reaction zone in which an oxygenate feedstock is contacted with an oxygenate conversion catalyst under oxygenate conversion conditions, to obtain a conversion effluent comprising ethylene and/or propylene; c) combining at least part of the cracker effluent and at least part of the conversion effluent to obtain a combined effluent, and separating an olefin product stream comprising ethylene and/or propylene from the combined effluent, wherein the paraffin feedstock comprises ethane, and wherein the cracking conditions in the cracking zone are selected such that 60 wt% or less of ethane in the paraffin feedstock are converted during a single pass through the cracking zone.
摘要:
Low oxygen biomass-derived pyrolysis oils and methods for producing them from carbonaceous biomass feedstock are provided. The carbonaceous biomass feedstock is pyrolyzed in the presence of a catalyst comprising base metal-based catalysts, noble metal- based catalysts, treated zeolitic catalysts, or combinations thereof to produce pyrolysis gases. During pyrolysis, the catalyst catalyzes a deoxygenation reaction whereby at least a portion of the oxygenated hydrocarbons in the pyrolysis gases are converted into hydrocarbons. The oxygen is removed as carbon oxides and water. A condensable portion (the vapors) of the pyrolysis gases is condensed to low oxygen biomass-derived pyrolysis oil.
摘要:
A biofuel production method, catalyst and system. The method may include combining a feedstock comprising a carbonaceous material with a consumable catalyst to produce a feedstock/catalyst mixture, and subjecting the feedstock/catalyst mixture to a vacuum pyrolytic gasification and liquefaction process to produce one or more bio fuels. The catalyst includes effective amounts of various catalyst constituents, which may include some or all of kaolin, zeolite, amorphous silica, alumina aluminum phosphate and rare earth elements. The system may include apparatus for heating the feedstock/catalyst mixture under selected temperature and vacuum pressure conditions to produce a gaseous effluent comprising one or more hydrocarbon fractions, and additional distillation and condensation apparatus to produce one or more liquid and gaseous fuels.
摘要:
Process for making a bio-diesel and a bio-naphtha and optionally bio-propane from a complex mixture of natural occurring fats & oils, wherein - said complex mixture is subjected to a refining treatment for removing the major part of the non- triglyceride and non-fatty acid components, thereby obtaining refined oils; - said refined oils are subjected to a fractionation step for obtaining: o an unsaturated or substantially unsaturated, liquid or substantially liquid triglyceride part (phase L); and o a saturated or substantially saturated, solid or substantially solid triglyceride part (phase S); and - said phase L is transformed into alkyl-esters as bio- diesel by a transesterification; - said phase S is transformed into linear or substantially linear paraffin's as the bio-naphtha : ° by an hydrodeoxygenation ° or from said phase S are obtained fatty acids that are transformed into linear or substantially linear paraffin's as the bio-naphtha by hydrodeoxygenation or decarboxylation of the free fatty acids or from said phase S are obtained fatty acids soaps that are transformed into linear or substantially linear paraffin's as the bio-naphtha by decarboxylation of the soaps.