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公开(公告)号：US06562496B2
公开(公告)日：2003-05-13
申请号：US09845531
申请日：2001-04-30
申请人： Michael T. Faville , M. James Grieve , John G. Noetzel , Karl J. Haltiner, Jr. , Christopher M. DeMinco , Kevin R. Keegan , John F. O'Brien , Subhasish Mukerjee , David R. Schumann , Steven R. Shaffer , Juergen T. Kammerer , Catherine C. Vavonese , James M. Haller , Donald J. Armstrong , Harry L. Husted , Haskell Simpkins
发明人： Michael T. Faville , M. James Grieve , John G. Noetzel , Karl J. Haltiner, Jr. , Christopher M. DeMinco , Kevin R. Keegan , John F. O'Brien , Subhasish Mukerjee , David R. Schumann , Steven R. Shaffer , Juergen T. Kammerer , Catherine C. Vavonese , James M. Haller , Donald J. Armstrong , Harry L. Husted , Haskell Simpkins
IPC分类号： H01M800
CPC分类号： H01M8/04268 , H01M8/04014 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/0612 , H01M2008/1293
摘要： A method of starting a solid oxide fuel cell system is disclosed. The method comprises pressurizing a main plenum to a first pressure. The main plenum comprises a first supply of fuel, blowers, and air control valves. The first supply of fuel and a first supply of air are directed to a preheated micro-reformer. A heated pre-reformate is created in the micro-reformer and discharged from the micro-reformer to a main reformer. The main reformer is preheated with the heated pre-reformate. A second supply of fuel and a second supply of air are introduced to the main reformer. A heated main reformate is created in the main reformer and directed to a waste energy recovery assembly. A cathode supply is heated in the waste energy recovery system and then directed to a solid oxide fuel cell stack in order to heat the solid oxide fuel cell stack. Methods of transitioning, operating, shutting down, and maintaining in standby mode are also disclosed. A solid oxide fuel cell mechanization for a transportation vehicle is also disclosed.
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2.发明授权Solid-oxide fuel cell system having an integrated reformer and waste energy recovery system 有权具有集成重整器和废能回收系统的固体氧化物燃料电池系统公开(公告)号：US06921596B2
公开(公告)日：2005-07-26
申请号：US10178808
申请日：2002-06-24
IPC分类号： B01J8/04 , B01J10/00 , B60L11/18 , C01B3/34 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/06 , H01M8/12 , H01M8/18 , H01M8/24 , H01M10/44
CPC分类号： H01M8/2485 , C01B3/34 , C01B2203/0227 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0811 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04201 , H01M8/0618 , H01M8/0631 , H01M8/0662 , H01M8/2425 , H01M8/2432 , H01M8/2475 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2250/20 , Y02E60/525 , Y02P20/124 , Y02P20/129 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A solid-oxide fuel cell system including an integrated reforming unit comprising a hydrocarbon fuel reformer; an integral tail gas and cathode air combustor and reformer heat exchanger; a fuel pre-heater and fuel injector cooler; a fuel injector and fuel/air mixer and vaporizer; a reforming air pre-heating heat exchanger; a reforming air temperature control valve and means; and a pre-reformer start-up combustor. The integration of a plate reformer, tail gas combustor, and combustor gas heat exchanger allows for efficient operation modes of the reformer, both endothermic and exothermic as desired. The combustor gas heat exchanger aids in temperature regulation of the reformer and reduces significant thermal gradients in the unit.
摘要翻译： 一种固体氧化物燃料电池系统，包括包含碳氢化合物燃料重整器的整体重整单元; 整体尾气和阴极空气燃烧器和重整器热交换器; 燃料预热器和燃料喷射器冷却器; 燃料喷射器和燃料/空气混合器和蒸发器; 重整空气预热热交换器; 重整空气温度控制阀和装置; 以及一个改性前重新启动燃烧室。 板式重整器，尾气燃烧器和燃烧器气体热交换器的集成允许重整器的有效操作模式，根据需要吸热和放热。 燃烧器气体热交换器有助于重整器的温度调节，并降低了该装置中显着的热梯度。
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3.发明授权Apparatus and method for operation of a high temperature fuel cell system using recycled anode exhaust 有权使用再循环阳极排气的高温燃料电池系统的操作装置和方法公开(公告)号：US07326482B2
公开(公告)日：2008-02-05
申请号：US10793302
申请日：2004-03-04
IPC分类号： H01M8/00
CPC分类号： C01B3/38 , C01B3/382 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0238 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0827 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/148 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/0618 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2008/147 , Y02E60/526 , Y02P20/142
摘要： A method for improving the efficiency of a hydrocarbon catalytic reformer and close-coupled fuel cell system by recycling a percentage of the anode exhaust syngas directly into the reformer in a range between about 20% and about 60%. Oxygen is supplied to the reformer at start-up. Under equilibrium conditions, oxygen required for reforming of hydrocarbon fuel is derived entirely from endothermic reforming of water and carbon dioxide in the recycled syngas. Recycling of anode syngas into the reformer increases fuel efficiency, adds excess water to the reformate to increase protection against anode coking, and protects the fuel cell stack against air- and water-borne contaminants. A method for producing an excess amount of syngas for exporting for other purposes is also provided.
摘要翻译： 通过将一定比例的阳极排气合成气直接再循环到重整器中，在约20％至约60％之间的范围内提高烃催化重整器和紧密耦合燃料电池系统的效率的方法。 启动时将氧气提供给重整器。 在平衡条件下，烃燃料重整所需的氧气完全来源于再循环合成气中水和二氧化碳的吸热重整。 将阳极合成气再循环到重整器中可提高燃料效率，为重整产品添加过量的水以增加对阳极焦化的保护，并保护燃料电池堆免受空气和水传播的污染物的影响。 还提供了用于生产用于出口用于其它目的的过量合成气的方法。
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4.发明授权Solid-oxide fuel cell system having a fuel combustor to pre-heat reformer on start-up 有权具有燃料燃烧器的固体氧化物燃料电池系统在启动时预热重整器公开(公告)号：US07410016B2
公开(公告)日：2008-08-12
申请号：US10178125
申请日：2002-06-24
IPC分类号： B60K1/00
CPC分类号： F23C13/00 , F23C13/02 , F23C2900/03002 , H01M8/0267 , H01M8/0271 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04225 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/2425 , H01M8/2483 , H01M8/249
摘要： In a solid-oxide fuel cell system, a catalytic reformer unit provides reformate fuel for use by the cells in generating electricity. Both the reformer and the fuel cells require elevated temperatures for satisfactory operation. The reformer unit is provided with a combustion chamber and igniter ahead of the catalytic reformer plates such that, during start-up, fuel/air mixture normally destined for reformation may be ignited in the combustion chamber to provide a hot combustion exhaust which is fed through the catalytic reformer and the anode reformate flow spaces to assist in rapidly bringing the fuel cell system to operating temperature.
摘要翻译： 在固体氧化物燃料电池系统中，催化重整单元提供用于发电的电池的重整燃料。 重整器和燃料电池都需要升高的温度才能令人满意的操作。 重整器单元在催化重整器板之前设置有燃烧室和点火器，使得在启动期间，通常用于改造的燃料/空气混合物可能在燃烧室中点燃以提供通过 催化重整器和阳极重整物流动空间，以帮助快速使燃料电池系统达到工作温度。
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公开(公告)号：US5101800A
公开(公告)日：1992-04-07
申请号：US624109
申请日：1990-12-07
申请人： David R. Schumann , Marty M. Hoch
发明人： David R. Schumann , Marty M. Hoch
CPC分类号： F02M69/08 , F02M67/12 , F02M69/46 , F02M69/50 , F02B2075/025 , F02B2075/027
摘要： A single fuel metering injector directs fuel through a plurality of nozzles to a plurality of charge delivery injectors.
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公开(公告)号：US06929785B2
公开(公告)日：2005-08-16
申请号：US09782621
申请日：2001-02-13
CPC分类号： B01J19/0093 , B01J2219/00135 , B01J2219/00159 , B01J2219/00788 , B01J2219/00824 , B01J2219/00835 , B01J2219/00844 , B01J2219/00873 , B01J2219/00889 , B01J2219/0095 , C01B3/323 , C01B3/382 , C01B3/384 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/0816 , C01B2203/085 , C01B2203/0866 , C01B2203/142 , H01M8/0612 , Y02P20/129
摘要： An apparatus and method for a preheated micro-reformer system is disclosed comprising a reformer and a micro-reformer in fluid communication with the reformer. The micro-reformer being electrically preheatable. An apparatus comprising a micro-reformer including a first zone and a second zone, the first zone being preheatable to a first temperature and the second zone being preheatable to a second temperature, the second temperature being higher than the first temperature.A method of using a micro-reformer that is electrically preheatable is disclosed comprising initiating an electrically preheatable micro-reformer. The micro-reformer is preheated. The preheating can be accomplished by converting electrical energy into thermal energy. A method of using a preheated micro-reformer is disclosed comprising preheating a first zone, preheating a second zone to a temperature higher than the first zone, vaporizing a fuel air mixture in the first zone, and reforming the fuel air mixture in the second zone.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于预热微型重整器系统的装置和方法，其包括与重整器流体连通的重整器和微型重整器。 微型重整器可电预热。 一种包括微型重整器的装置，包括第一区域和第二区域，第一区域可预热至第一温度，第二区域可预热至第二温度，第二温度高于第一温度。 公开了一种使用可电预热的微型重整器的方法，其包括引发电可预热的微型重整器。 微型重整器预热。 预热可以通过将电能转化为热能来实现。 公开了一种使用预热的微型重整器的方法，其包括将第一区域预热，将第二区域预热至高于第一区域的温度，蒸发第一区域中的燃料空气混合物，以及使第二区域中的燃料空气混合物重整 。
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公开(公告)号：US5447140A
公开(公告)日：1995-09-05
申请号：US169240
申请日：1993-12-20
CPC分类号： F02M35/116 , F02M35/10052 , F02M35/10216 , F02M35/10354 , F02M51/02 , F02M69/465 , F02M69/50 , F02M69/52 , F02M35/10249
摘要： A fuel system for use on an internal combustion engine has a fuel metering body which defines a fuel plenum therein. The plenum has an inlet for pressurized fuel, a pressure regulator, and a fuel outlet. Disposed within the fuel plenum, in fluid communication with one another, the inlet and the outlet, are a plurality of fuel injectors. The fuel injectors have outlets which extend through the fuel meter body and deliver fuel to the intake ports of the associated engine through flexible fuel lines terminated by pressure pulse activated poppet nozzles providing a significant degree of application flexibility. The fuel meter body mounts within the intake manifold such that fuel and electrical connections extend out of the manifold for simplified source attachment.
摘要翻译： 用于内燃机的燃料系统具有在其中限定燃料增压室的燃料计量本体。 增压室具有用于加压燃料的入口，压力调节器和燃料出口。 设置在燃料通风室内，彼此流体连通，入口和出口是多个燃料喷射器。 燃料喷射器具有延伸穿过燃料表主体的出口，并且通过柔性燃料管线将燃料输送到相关联的发动机的进气口，柔性燃料管线由压力脉冲激活的提升喷嘴端接，提供显着程度的应用灵活性。 燃料表体安装在进气歧管内，使得燃料和电气连接从歧管延伸出来，以简化源附件。
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公开(公告)号：US5312050A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-17
申请号：US55340
申请日：1993-05-03
CPC分类号： F02M61/168 , F02M51/0639 , F02M61/165
摘要： An electromagnetic fuel injector for use in an internal combustion engine has a center pole piece with an axially extending bore which slidingly accepts an adjusting pin therein. The adjusting pin has a first end portion for engagement with the armature return spring of the injector. Axial translation of the adjusting pin, relative to the center pole piece will vary the compression on the spring, the seating load on the armature valve and, as such, the dynamic flow characteristic of the injector. The adjusting pin further has means for engaging the center pole piece to rotate the piece which is threadingly engaged within the injector housing. Rotation of the threaded piece relative to the housing varies the armature/valve travel and, as such, the static flow characteristic of the injector.
摘要翻译： 用于内燃机的电磁燃料喷射器具有带轴向延伸的孔的中心极片，其中滑动地接受调节销。 调节销具有用于与喷射器的电枢复位弹簧接合的第一端部。 调节销相对于中心极片的轴向平移将改变弹簧上的压缩，电枢阀上的就座负载，并因此改变喷射器的动态流动特性。 调节销还具有用于接合中心极片的装置，以旋转在喷射器壳体内螺纹接合的部件。 螺纹件相对于壳体的旋转改变了电枢/阀门行程，并因此改变了喷射器的静态流动特性。
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