摘要:
A method of chip manufacturing, comprises of a design stage; a simulation stage; a foundry stage; a testing/packaging stage; a cutting stage; and a final coating stage. The present invention provides a method of chip testing comprises of disposing a substrate layer on a wafer having a plurality of chips; exposing a plurality of pads on the chips of the wafer; forming bumps on the pads of the chips of the wafer; performing tests from the bumps on the chips of the wafer. Alternatively, the present invention provides a method of chip testing comprises of disposing a substrate layer on a wafer having a plurality of chips; connecting a plurality of pads on the chips of the wafer to a plurality of corresponding pads on the substrate layer; planting bumps on the pads on the opposite side of the substrate layer; performing tests from the bumps on the substrate layer.
摘要:
The present invention relates to molecules, particularly polypeptides, more particularly immunoglobulins (e.g., antibodies), comprising a variant Fc region, wherein said variant Fc region comprises at least one amino acid modification relative to a wild-type Fc region, which variant Fc region binds FcγRIIIA and/or FcγRIIA with a greater affinity, relative to a comparable molecule comprising the wild-type Fc region. The molecules of the invention are particularly useful in preventing, treating, or ameliorating one or more symptoms associated with a disease, disorder, or infection. The molecules of the invention are particularly useful for the treatment or prevention of a disease or disorder where an enhanced efficacy of effector cell function (e.g., ADCC) mediated by FcγR is desired, e.g., cancer, infectious disease, and in enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of therapeutic antibodies the effect of which is mediated by ADCC.
摘要:
The present invention relates to molecules, particularly polypeptides, more particularly immunoglobulins (e.g., antibodies), comprising a variant Fc region, wherein said variant Fc region comprises at least one amino acid modification relative to a wild-type Fc region, which variant Fc region binds FcγRIIA and/or FcγRIIA with a greater affinity, relative to a comparable molecule comprising the wild-type Fc region. The molecules of the invention are particularly useful in preventing, treating, or ameliorating one or more symptoms associated with a disease, disorder, or infection. The molecules of the invention are particularly useful for the treatment or prevention of a disease or disorder where an enhanced efficacy of effector cell function (e.g., ADCC) mediated by FcγR is desired, e.g., cancer, infectious disease, and in enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of therapeutic antibodies the effect of which is mediated by ADCC.
摘要:
CD16A binding proteins useful for the reduction of a deleterious immune response are described. In one aspect, humanized anti-cd16A antibodies, optionally lacking effector function, are used for the treatment of immune disorders such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
摘要:
A driver installation free system including a peripheral storing a device driver, a host, an operation system, an application interface and a middleware is provided. When the peripheral device is coupled with the host, the middleware utilizes the bus driver to read a configuration of the peripheral device, the driver function information and the driver parameter structure from the peripheral device, and generates relationships between the standard command and the device driver command as well as between the standard parameter structure and the driver parameter structure.
摘要:
Multicomponent nanorods having segments with differing electronic and/or chemical properties are disclosed. The nanorods can be tailored with high precision to create controlled gaps within the nanorods or to produce diodes or resistors, based upon the identities of the components-making up the segments of the nanorods. Macrostructural composites of these nanorods also are disclosed.
摘要:
The present invention provides a dual expression vector, and methods for its use, for the expression and secretion of a full-length polypeptide of interest in eukaryotic cells, and a soluble domain or fragment of the polypeptide in bacteria. When expressed in bacteria, transcription from a bacterial promoter within a first intron and termination at the stop codon in a second intron results in expression of a fragment of the polypeptide, e.g., a Fab fragment, whereas in mammalian cells, splicing removes the bacterial regulatory sequences located in the two introns and generates the mammalian signal sequence, allowing expression of the full-length polypeptide, e.g., IgG heavy or light chain polypeptide. The dual expression vector system of the invention can be used to select and screen for new monoclonal antibodies, as well as to optimize monoclonal antibodies for binding to antigenic molecules of interest.