摘要:
A liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal panel and an illumination device. The illumination device has a light guide plate and at least one spot light source on at least one side surface of the light guide plate. The light guide plate includes a large number of upper-surface arcuate cross-sectional grooves in a direction orthogonal to the one side surface on a surface thereof which faces the liquid crystal panel, and a large number of light-incident-surface arcuate cross-sectional grooves are formed in a thickness direction of the light guide plate on at least a portion of the one side surface which faces a position at which the spot light source is arranged. A relationship is provided between a contact angle Oa of the upper-surface arcuate cross-sectional grooves and a contact angle Ea of the light-incident-surface arcuate cross-sectional grooves.
摘要:
In a photoelectric device-part, a bonding pad is formed without increasing a plane area of a concave part for housing a photoelectric device to implement miniaturization and improvement of the light usability efficiency. A light reflecting surface 3 of nearly a parabola configuration or the like provided for light emission and reception by a photoelectric device 5 is formed on a slanting curved surface constituting a concave part 2 of a circuit substrate 1. A convex portion 9a projecting from the light reflecting surface 3 and a receding concave portion 9b are formed in the middle of the concave part 2. A stage 9 is formed by an upper and bottom surfaces of the convex and concave portions 9a and 9b, respectively. A bonding pad 7 for connecting circuits of the photoelectric device 5 is formed at the stage 9. Since a space for the bonding pad 7 is provided by both concave and convex portions, deformation of the light reflecting surface 3 caused by the receding concave portion 9b and a ratio of intrusion to the bottom surface of the concave part by the projecting convex portion 9a can be both minimized. As a result, the photoelectric device 5 can be mounted without largely lowering light emission efficiency or without decentering the light emitting and receiving center, whereby a photoelectric device-part 10 can be miniaturized.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a polishing composition containing a colloidal silica prepared from a silicate, the colloidal silica having an average particle size of primary particles of 1 nm or more and less than 40 nm, and water, wherein a density of silanol group on the surface of the colloidal silica is from 0.06 to 0.3 mmol per 1 g of the colloidal silica; a process for preparing the above polishing composition; a method for reducing nano scratches of a substrate and a method for manufacturing a substrate, each including the step of polishing a substrate to be polished with a polishing composition comprising a colloidal silica prepared from a silicate, the colloidal silica having an average particle size of primary particles of 1 nm or more and less than 40 nm, and water, wherein a density of silanol group on the surface of the colloidal silica is adjusted to a range from 0.06 to 0.3 mmol per 1 g of the colloidal silica. The polishing composition is suitable for polishing substrates for precision parts including, for instance, substrates for magnetic recording media, such as magnetic disks, optical disks, and opto-magnetic disks, photomask substrates, optical lenses, optical mirrors, optical prisms and semiconductor substrates, and the like.
摘要:
A laser oscillator capable of executing a high-speed feedback control by reducing the control load of a main processor in the feedback control of the laser output. The laser is excited by an excitation source activated by one or more power supplies. The laser radiation is detected by a power sensor or a photodiode. A detected signal is A/D converted and fed to a sub processor or a high-speed DSP. The sub processor compares the current laser output value to a desired control value and calculates a deviation value in a predetermined period. The sub processor outputs a feedback signal to each of the power supplies according to a command from the main processor. Each power supply adjusts the supplied current to control the laser output. The main processor monitors conditions of the power supplies and controls a coolant circulation device. A factor regarding a load on a sequential control process, which may delay the feedback control, is eliminated and an analog circuit is unnecessary. The period time of the feedback control may be within 200 μs.
摘要:
An electrode of a solid oxide fuel cell has a skeleton (11) constituted of a porous sintered compact having a three dimensional network structure, the porous sintered compact being made of an oxide ion conducting material and/or a mixed oxide ion conducting material; grains (12) made of an electron conducting material and/or a mixed oxide ion conducting material are adhered onto the surface of the skeleton; and the grains are baked inside the voids (13) of the porous sintered compact under the conditions such that the grains are filled inside the voids. The electrode drastically improves the electrode properties and alleviates the thermal shock and the thermal strain to a great extent. It is preferable that the electrode is used in the form such that the electrode is formed to be integrated with the electrolyte on one surface or on both surfaces of an oxide ion conducting, dense solid electrolyte layer.
摘要:
An electric power generation cell 1 is constituted by arranging a fuel electrode layer 4 on one side of a solid electrolyte layer 3 and an air electrode layer 2 on the other side of the solid electrolyte layer 3. The solid electrolyte layer 3 is constituted of an oxide ion conductor mainly composed of a lanthanum gallate based oxide. The fuel electrode layer 4 is constituted of a porous sintered compact having a highly dispersed network structure in which a skeletal structure formed of a consecutive array of metal grains is surrounded by mixed conductive oxide grains. For the air electrode layer 2, a porous sintered compact mainly composed of cobaltite is used. This configuration reduces the overpotentials of the respective electrodes and the IR loss of the solid electrolyte layer 3, and accordingly can actualize a solid oxide type fuel cell excellent in electric power generation efficiency.
摘要:
A sampling syringe unit includes a syringe base for defining a chamber in cooperation with a diaphragm, a needle protruding substantially perpendicularly from the syringe base and communicating with the chamber, and a protective member which, in a normal state, is elastically urged to be located more outward than the tip of the needle. A sampling device to which the sampling syringe unit is removably attached includes a first actuator for displacing the syringe base, and a second actuator for displacing the diaphragm and then releasing the displacing force to restore the diaphragm and thereby cause a suction pressure to be produced in the chamber.
摘要:
A base member mounted to a side of a cylinder block is formed with an inlet-side oil supply passage for supplying an oil to an oil filter, and an outlet-side oil supply passage for discharging the oil from the oil filter. As a result, it is unnecessary to increase the thickness of a wall of the cylinder block or to form a bulged portion in order to form the oil supply passages, thereby contributing to a decrease in weight of the cylinder block. Moreover, because the oil supply passages are formed in the base member, the layouts thereof can be determined freely without restrained by the shape of the cylinder block, thereby contributing an increase in degree of freedom for the design.
摘要:
A displacement control mechanism used in a variable displacement compressor for controlling a displacement of the compressor includes a first control valve located on a supply passage and a second control valve located on a first bleed passage. The second control valve includes a backpressure chamber having substantially the same pressure atmosphere as a region of the supply passage downstream of the first control valve and a spool including a back surface that is located in the backpressure chamber. The spool reduces an opening degree of the first bleed passage when a pressure in the backpressure chamber is increased. The spool blocks a communication between the backpressure chamber and the first bleed passage via a clearance formed around a cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the spool in the second control valve when the spool sets the first bleed passage at a minimum opening degree.
摘要:
An engine lubrication system is provided which has an oil pump for supplying lubricating oil from an oil pan to an area that is to be lubricated, the oil pump being positioned outside-the-oil pan and driven by a camshaft. An oil passage formation member fitted to the lower face of an engine block so as to be housed in the oil pan, comprises an oil inlet passage for taking in oil from the oil pan to the oil pump and a relief valve for discharging excess oil discharged by the oil pump via an oil supply passage. When the relief valve opens, the excess oil is not directly discharged to the oil pan but is returned to the oil inlet passage from the oil supply passage via a connecting path. The space required for housing a vertical engine, and in particular in the vertical direction, can thus be reduced and the formation of bubbles in the oil inside the oil pan due to the oil discharged by the relief valve through the oil supply passage, can be prevented.