公开(公告)号：US5543367A

公开(公告)日：1996-08-06

申请号：US508875

申请日：1995-07-28

Applicant: Chaitanya K. Narula ,  Byung R. Kim ,  Irving T. Salmeen

Inventor： Chaitanya K. Narula ,  Byung R. Kim ,  Irving T. Salmeen

IPC: C04B35/46 ,  C04B35/58 ,  C04B35/622 ,  C04B35/00 ,  C04B35/468

CPC classification number: C04B33/1321 ,  C04B33/30 ,  C04B33/32 ,  C04B35/46 ,  C04B35/468 ,  C04B35/58 ,  C04B35/58014 ,  C04B35/62204 ,  C04B35/62655 ,  C04B2235/3232 ,  C04B2235/3843 ,  C04B2235/422 ,  C04B2235/465 ,  C04B2235/5445 ,  C04B2235/658 ,  C04B2235/80 ,  Y02P40/69

Abstract: The invention is a process for decomposing dried paint sludge to recover the organic and inorganic components of the paint sludge as gaseous, liquid, and composite materials. The process comprises drying the paint sludge to remove water and organic solvents, pyrolizing the dried paint sludge in an inert atmosphere in an elevated temperature of up to about 600.degree. C. to form gaseous and liquid decomposition materials and a solid residue. The process further comprises collecting the gaseous and liquid decomposition materials and subjecting the solid residue to sintering in an elevated temperate of about 900.degree. to 1300.degree. C. in an atmosphere of nitrogen, argon or ammonia to convert the solid residue to composite materials comprising barium nitranate and titanium compounds such as titanium dioxide, titanium nitride, and titanium carbide. The gaseous and liquid materials may be further pyrolyzed to carbon materials.

Abstract translation: 本发明是一种分解干燥油漆污泥以回收作为气态，液体和复合材料的油漆污泥的有机和无机组分的方法。 该方法包括干燥油漆污泥以除去水和有机溶剂，在高达约600℃的高温下在惰性气氛中热处理干燥的油漆污泥，形成气态和液体分解物质和固体残余物。 该方法进一步包括收集气态和液态分解物质，并在氮气，氩气或氨气氛中，在约900-1300℃的升高温度下对固体残渣进行烧结，将固体残渣转化成包含钡的复合材料 硝酸盐和钛化合物如二氧化钛，氮化钛和碳化钛。 气态和液态材料可进一步热解成碳材料。

公开(公告)号：US5271871A

公开(公告)日：1993-12-21

申请号：US754501

申请日：1991-09-03

Applicant: Yoshiyuki Yasutomi ,  Tadahiko Miyoshi ,  Masahisa Sobue ,  Nobuyuki Yamashita ,  Hiroshi Nagase ,  Kiyohiko Tanno ,  Shoji Arimoto ,  Fumio Jooraku

Inventor： Yoshiyuki Yasutomi ,  Tadahiko Miyoshi ,  Masahisa Sobue ,  Nobuyuki Yamashita ,  Hiroshi Nagase ,  Kiyohiko Tanno ,  Shoji Arimoto ,  Fumio Jooraku

IPC: C04B35/58 ,  C04B35/65 ,  H01B1/06

CPC classification number: C04B35/58014 ,  C04B35/58 ,  C04B35/58007 ,  C04B35/58028 ,  C04B35/58042 ,  C04B35/632 ,  C04B35/634 ,  C04B35/65 ,  C04B35/806

Abstract: The invention provides a conductor comprising a reaction-sintered body of a conductive nitride produced from a powder of at least one metal selected from Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Ce, Co, Mn, Hf, W, Mo, Fe, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Yb, Lu, Th and Ni, and a process for producing such conductor by heating a molding containing a metal powder in a nitriding gaseous atmosphere containing no CO gas.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种导体，其包括由选自Ti，Zr，V，Nb，Ta，Cr，Ce，Co，Mn，Hf，W，Mo中的至少一种金属的粉末制成的导电氮化物的反应烧结体， Fe，Pr，Nd，Sm，Eu，Gd，Tb，Dy，Ho，Yb，Lu，Th和Ni，以及通过在不含CO气体的氮化气氛中加热含有金属粉末的成型体 。

公开(公告)号：US5169810A

公开(公告)日：1992-12-08

申请号：US726225

申请日：1991-07-05

Applicant: Anthony G. Jones

Inventor： Anthony G. Jones

IPC: C01B21/076 ,  C04B35/58 ,  C04B35/628

CPC classification number: C04B35/58014 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C04B35/4885 ,  C04B35/6281 ,  C04B35/62815 ,  C04B2235/3206 ,  C04B2235/3208 ,  C04B2235/3213 ,  C04B2235/3215 ,  C04B2235/3224 ,  C04B2235/3225 ,  C04B2235/3229 ,  C04B2235/3244 ,  C04B2235/3246 ,  C04B2235/3895 ,  C04B2235/5445 ,  C04B2235/5454 ,  C04B2235/6584 ,  C04B2235/762 ,  C04B2235/765 ,  C04B2235/77 ,  C04B2235/96

Abstract: A process for forming ceramics comprises mixing titanium nitride with an average particle size less than 0.2 micron, zirconia having a particle size less than 1 micron and a stabilizing agent for stabilizing the zirconia in the tetragonal or cubic phase forming the mixture into a desired shape and firing at between 1300.degree. and 1700.degree. C.Preferably the stabilizing agent is in the form of coating on the zirconia.The process is suitable for forming hard and tough ceramics which are electroconducting and can be shaped by electro-discharge machining. It is particularly suitable for forming ceramics containing between 70 and 90% by weight titanium nitride.

公开(公告)号：US5169572A

公开(公告)日：1992-12-08

申请号：US639689

申请日：1991-01-10

Applicant: M. Dean Matthews

Inventor： M. Dean Matthews

IPC: C04B35/58 ,  C04B35/645 ,  H05B3/00

CPC classification number: C04B35/563 ,  C04B35/117 ,  C04B35/488 ,  C04B35/52 ,  C04B35/5607 ,  C04B35/5611 ,  C04B35/5622 ,  C04B35/565 ,  C04B35/58007 ,  C04B35/58014 ,  C04B35/58028 ,  C04B35/58071 ,  C04B35/584 ,  H05B3/0004 ,  C04B2235/666

Abstract: A process for producing dense bodies from mixtures of materials with significantly different electrical resistivities. A mixture of electrically conducting powder and a dielectric or semiconducting powder is subjected to pressure and an intense electric current pulse of sufficiently short duration such that the heating is largely confined to the material of superior electrical conductivity. Densification is achieved under pressure prior to the attainment of thermal equilibrium within the mixture. Diamond/titanium diboride and boron carbide/titanium carbide composites are typical of the process.

Abstract translation: 从具有显着不同的电阻率的材料的混合物产生致密体的方法。 将导电粉末和电介质或半导体粉末的混合物经受足够短持续时间的压力和强电流脉冲，使得加热主要局限于具有优异导电性的材料。 在混合物中获得热平衡之前，在压力下实现致密化。 金刚石/二硼化钛和碳化硼/碳化钛复合材料是该工艺的典型。

公开(公告)号：US5068211A

公开(公告)日：1991-11-26

申请号：US656770

申请日：1991-02-15

Applicant: Giovanni Giunchi ,  Ender Savrun ,  Alberto Grenni ,  Ching-Fong Chen

Inventor： Giovanni Giunchi ,  Ender Savrun ,  Alberto Grenni ,  Ching-Fong Chen

IPC: C04B35/581 ,  C04B35/58 ,  C04B35/645

CPC classification number: C04B35/58028 ,  C04B35/117 ,  C04B35/58007 ,  C04B35/58014 ,  C04B35/645 ,  C04B35/65

Abstract: Refractory and electroconductive ceramic compositions having a density higher than 4 g/cm.sup.3, ultimate tensile strength higher than 250 MPa, Vickers microhardness higher than 1000 kg/mm.sup.2 and electric resistivity lower than 600 microohm.cm, essentially consisting of alumina and of a nitride component of at least one transition metal belonging to groups IVB, VB or VIB of the Periodic Chart of the Elements.

公开(公告)号：US5001091A

公开(公告)日：1991-03-19

申请号：US321029

申请日：1989-03-09

Applicant: Vimal K. Pujari ,  Raymond L. Fournier

Inventor： Vimal K. Pujari ,  Raymond L. Fournier

IPC: C04B35/486 ,  C04B35/628 ,  C04B41/45 ,  C04B41/81

CPC classification number: C04B35/63488 ,  C04B35/053 ,  C04B35/111 ,  C04B35/185 ,  C04B35/486 ,  C04B35/5755 ,  C04B35/58014 ,  C04B35/581 ,  C04B35/583 ,  C04B35/5935 ,  C04B35/597 ,  C04B35/628 ,  C04B35/62807 ,  C04B35/62821 ,  C04B35/62823 ,  C04B35/632 ,  C04B35/6325 ,  C04B41/009 ,  C04B41/4584 ,  C04B41/81 ,  C04B2235/3225 ,  C04B2235/3246 ,  C04B2235/3826 ,  C04B2235/3834 ,  C04B2235/421 ,  C04B2235/422 ,  C04B2235/5409 ,  C04B2235/5436 ,  C04B2235/5472 ,  C04B2235/6022 ,  C04B2235/77 ,  Y10T428/2991 ,  Y10T428/2993

Abstract: Ceramic molding or casting powders, particularly nitride, oxide and carbide powders, that have substantial internal surface and volume produce improved dispersions after being coated with a cover material, such as polyethylene glycol, that reduces the specific surface area of the powder by at least about 10% and reduces the amount of penentration of the binder used for dispersion into the internal volume of the powder. The viscosity of dispersions of such coated powders, or of conventional uncoated ceramic powders, can be further reduced by treatment of the powders with organotitanate, organozirconate, or organosilane coupling agents that are chosen to interact favorably with the specific powders and binders used.

Abstract translation: 具有实质内表面和体积的陶瓷成型或铸造粉末，特别是氮化物，氧化物和碳化物粉末在涂覆有覆盖材料（例如聚乙二醇）之后产生改善的分散体，其将粉末的比表面积减少至少约 10％，并且减少用于分散到粉末的内部容积中的粘合剂的浸润量。 通过用有机钛酸盐，有机锆酸盐或有机硅烷偶联剂处理粉末，可以进一步降低这种涂覆粉末或常规未涂覆的陶瓷粉末的分散体的粘度，所述有机钛酸盐，有机锆酸盐或有机硅烷偶联剂选择为与所用的具体粉末和粘合剂有利地相互作用。

公开(公告)号：US4909973A

公开(公告)日：1990-03-20

申请号：US68947

申请日：1987-07-01

Applicant: Hiroaki Nishio ,  Michitaka Sato

Inventor： Hiroaki Nishio ,  Michitaka Sato

IPC: C01B21/06 ,  C01B21/064 ,  C01B21/068 ,  C01B21/072 ,  C01B21/076 ,  C01B31/30 ,  C01B31/36 ,  C01B35/04 ,  C04B35/56 ,  C04B35/565 ,  C04B35/58 ,  C04B35/584 ,  C04B35/626

CPC classification number: C04B35/65 ,  C01B21/062 ,  C01B21/064 ,  C01B21/0687 ,  C01B21/0728 ,  C01B21/0768 ,  C01B31/30 ,  C01B31/305 ,  C01B31/36 ,  C01B35/04 ,  C04B35/5611 ,  C04B35/563 ,  C04B35/565 ,  C04B35/58007 ,  C04B35/58014 ,  C04B35/58071 ,  C04B35/58078 ,  C04B35/583 ,  C04B35/584 ,  C01P2006/60 ,  C01P2006/80

Abstract: A method for refining powders comprising the steps of: (a) adding polytetrafluoroethylene powders to non-oxide ceramic powders to form a mixture by mixing; and (b) heating the mixture in non-oxidizing atmosphere to convert oxides existing on the surface of the non-oxide ceramic powders into gaseous fluorides, and removing gaseous fluorides. The fluororesin is a polytetrafluoroethylene resin. The heating temperature in the non-oxidizing atmosphere is 500.degree. C. to 1300.degree. C.

Abstract translation: 一种精制粉末的方法，包括以下步骤：（a）将聚四氟乙烯粉末加入到非氧化物陶瓷粉末中以通过混合形成混合物; 和（b）在非氧化性气氛中加热混合物，将非氧化物陶瓷粉末表面上存在的氧化物转化为气态氟化物，并除去气态氟化物。 氟树脂是聚四氟乙烯树脂。 非氧化性气氛中的加热温度为500〜1300℃。

公开(公告)号：US4906295A

公开(公告)日：1990-03-06

申请号：US158115

申请日：1988-02-16

Applicant: Yoshinari Miyamoto ,  Osamu Yamada ,  Mitsue Koizumi ,  Osamu Komura ,  Eiji Kamijo ,  Masaaki Honda ,  Akira Yamakawa

Inventor： Yoshinari Miyamoto ,  Osamu Yamada ,  Mitsue Koizumi ,  Osamu Komura ,  Eiji Kamijo ,  Masaaki Honda ,  Akira Yamakawa

IPC: C04B35/56 ,  C04B35/573 ,  C04B35/58 ,  C04B35/581 ,  C04B35/583 ,  C04B35/591 ,  C04B35/645 ,  C04B35/65 ,  C04B37/02

CPC classification number: C04B35/58092 ,  C04B35/5607 ,  C04B35/5611 ,  C04B35/5626 ,  C04B35/573 ,  C04B35/58007 ,  C04B35/58014 ,  C04B35/58021 ,  C04B35/58028 ,  C04B35/58064 ,  C04B35/58071 ,  C04B35/58078 ,  C04B35/58085 ,  C04B35/581 ,  C04B35/583 ,  C04B35/591 ,  C04B35/593 ,  C04B35/645 ,  C04B35/65 ,  C04B35/651 ,  C04B37/021 ,  C04B2235/6582 ,  C04B2237/32 ,  C04B2237/36 ,  C04B2237/363 ,  C04B2237/365 ,  C04B2237/385 ,  C04B2237/401 ,  C04B2237/403 ,  C04B2237/405 ,  C04B2237/567 ,  C04B2237/568

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of sintering ceramics and ceramics obtained by said method. According to the present invention, the synthesis and sintering of ceramics can be simultaneously carried out by utilizing the reaction heat generated when at least one metallic element selected from metallic elements of IIIb, IVa, Vb and VIb groups of the Periodic Table is combined with at least one nonmetallic element such as B, C, N and Si without heat or by preliminarily heating the ceramics at temperatures remarkably lower than the usual sintering temperature ceramics, thus-produced are superior in abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance. Furthermore, according to the present invention, particles of the same kind of metal as that used in constructing the ceramics comprising the above described metallic elements and nonmetallic elements are dispersed in a matrix comprising said ceramics to obtain metal dispersed reinforced ceramics in which both the matrix and the metallic particles are strongly and chemically bonded to each other. According to the latter procedure ceramic materials having high temperature characteristics, high corrosion resistance and high abrasion resistance, as well as high toughness and high impact resistance can be obtained.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及通过所述方法得到的烧结陶瓷和陶瓷的方法。 根据本发明，陶瓷的合成和烧结可以通过利用当选自元素周期表IIIb，IVa，Vb和VIb族的金属元素中的至少一种金属元素与在 至少一种不加热的非金属元素如B，C，N和Si，或通过在比通常的烧结温度陶瓷更低的温度下预先加热陶瓷，因此产生的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性优异。 此外，根据本发明，与构成包含上述金属元素和非金属元素的陶瓷相同种类的金属颗粒分散在包含所述陶瓷的基体中以获得金属分散增强陶瓷，其中基体 并且金属颗粒彼此强烈化学键合。 根据后一种方法，可以获得具有高温特性，高耐腐蚀性和高耐磨性以及高韧性和高耐冲击性的陶瓷材料。

公开(公告)号：US4526875A

公开(公告)日：1985-07-02

申请号：US569943

申请日：1984-01-13

Applicant: Yoshihiro Yamamoto ,  Kenji Sakurai

Inventor： Yoshihiro Yamamoto ,  Kenji Sakurai

IPC: C04B35/10 ,  C04B35/111 ,  C04B35/58 ,  C04B35/52

CPC classification number: C04B35/563 ,  C04B35/117 ,  C04B35/5622 ,  C04B35/58 ,  C04B35/58014 ,  C04B35/645

Abstract: Ceramic materials for cutting tools are described, comprising molding a powder mixture comprising (a) Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, (b) TiN, and (c) at least one of ZrC, Zr, and ZrN, wherein component (a) constitutes between 25 and 80% of the total volume of the powder mixture and the volume ratio of component (c) to component (b) is 1/2 or less, and sintering the molded powder in vacuum or in an inert atmosphere. A process for production thereof is also described.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于切割工具的陶瓷材料，其包括模制包含（a）Al 2 O 3，（b）TiN和（c）ZrC，Zr和ZrN中的至少一种的粉末混合物，其中组分（a）构成25至80％ 的粉末混合物的总体积和组分（c）与组分（b）的体积比为1/2以下，并且在真空或惰性气氛中烧结成型粉末。 还描述了其生产方法。

公开(公告)号：US4517037A

公开(公告)日：1985-05-14

申请号：US589138

申请日：1984-03-13

Applicant: Thomas L. Francis ,  Frankie E. Phelps

Inventor： Thomas L. Francis ,  Frankie E. Phelps

IPC: C04B35/58 ,  C04B35/584 ,  C04B35/597 ,  C04B35/66

CPC classification number: C04B35/6316 ,  C04B35/58 ,  C04B35/58007 ,  C04B35/58014 ,  C04B35/58028 ,  C04B35/584 ,  C04B35/597 ,  C04B35/66

Abstract: A refractory composition having a high resistance to corrosion by molten metal chlorides and chlorine gas at elevated temperatures. The composition comprises about 100 parts by weight of a nitride refractory filler, a suitable quantity of a colloidal sol binder and less than about 4 parts by weight of the oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, calcium, chromium and manganese.

Abstract translation: 耐高温组合物，耐高温耐熔融金属氯化物的耐腐蚀性和氯气。 该组合物包含约100重量份的氮化物耐火填料，适量的胶体粘合剂和小于约4重量份的镁，钙，铬和锰的氧化物或氢氧化物。