Abstract:
Methods of forming field effect transistors having buried gate electrodes include the steps of forming a semiconductor substrate having a sacrificial gate electrode buried beneath a surface of the semiconductor substrate and then removing the sacrificial gate electrode to define a gate electrode cavity beneath the surface. The gate electrode cavity is lined with a gate insulating layer. The lined gate electrode cavity is filled with a first insulated gate electrode. A second insulated gate electrode is also formed on a portion of the semiconductor substrate extending opposite the first insulated gate electrode so that a channel region of the field effect transistor extends between the first and second insulated gate electrodes. Source and drain regions are also formed adjacent opposite ends of the first and second insulated gate electrodes.
Abstract:
A system for direct modulation is disclosed. Embodiments of the direct modulator for shift-keying modulation include impressing baseband data on a radio frequency (RF) signal at an oscillator by controlling a digital divider using a sigma-delta modulator.
Abstract:
DRAM devices include a plurality of word lines extending in a first direction and a plurality of bit lines extending in a second direction and intersecting the word lines. A plurality of active regions is provided that are electrically coupled to the word lines and the bit lines. Each of the active regions defines a single unit memory cell having an area of 6F2 in terms of a minimum line width F. Each of the active regions may be overlapped by only one word line and the active regions may be defined by an isolation region.
Abstract:
A phase shifting mask (PSM) for manufacturing a semiconductor device and a method of fabricating the same includes a transparent substrate, a main pattern formed on the transparent substrate and comprising a first phase shifting layer having a first optical transmittance greater than 0, and at least one assistant pattern formed on the transparent substrate proximal to the main pattern for phase-shifting by the same degree as the main pattern and having a second optical transmittance, which is less than the first optical transmittance.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method of preparing ZnO nanopowder according to a non-equilibrium synthetic process, comprising adding an organic substance containing an amine group or a carboxyl group as a fuel material to an aqueous solution having Zn2+ and (NO3) ions to prepare a mixed solution, and heating the resulting solution with agitation. The method is advantageous in that the ZnO nanopowder has excellent valuable metal recovery and harmful organic substance decomposition efficiency, and the highly pure ZnO nanopowder with nano-sized particles is prepared in commercial quantities.
Abstract translation:公开了根据非平衡合成方法制备ZnO纳米粉末的方法,包括将含有胺基或羧基的有机物质作为燃料材料添加到具有Zn 2+的水溶液中,以及 (NO 3 N 3)离子以制备混合溶液,并在搅拌下加热所得溶液。 该方法的优点在于ZnO纳米粉末具有极好的有价值的金属回收率和有害有机物质的分解效率,并以商品数量制备了具有纳米尺寸颗粒的高纯ZnO纳米粉末。
Abstract:
Embodiments of the invention provide methods of forming SAC pads in non-straight semiconductor device having non-straight type or separate type active regions. A plurality of gate line structures extending in one direction may be formed on a semiconductor substrate having non-straight active regions. An interlayer insulating layer covering gate line structures may be formed on the gate line structures. Then, a photo-resist layer may be formed on the interlayer insulating layer. A photo-resist pattern may be formed through exposing and developing the photo-resist layer by using a photo-mask having, for example, a bar type, a wave type, or a reverse active type pattern. Then, contact holes exposing source/drain regions may be formed by etching the interlayer insulating layer using the photo-resist pattern as an etching mask. Contact pads may then be formed by filling the contact holes with a conductive material.
Abstract:
An apparatus for testing a signal processor includes an integrator and a control section. The integrator switches an input signal in response to a first clock signal to allow the input signal to be charged in at least one capacitive element, and outputs the charged input signal in response to a second clock signal. The control section is coupled to the integrator, and provides the integrator with a control signal to discharge the capacitive elements based on a level of the input signal at a previous part of a test mode. The time required for testing the signal processor is reduced.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method for manufacturing cathode electrodes of electroluminescent display device capable of forming cathode electrodes of fine patterns. The disclosed comprises the steps of: forming an anode electrode on a transparent insulating substrate; forming an insulating partition having a stripe structure to cross with the anode electrode and define a pixel formation area on the substrate; forming an organic film pixel separated with a predetermined distance, with the insulating partition interposed; depositing a cathode metal layer on the surface of the resulting structure; and forming a cathode electrode exposing a predetermined part of the insulating partition by performing etching processes on the cathode metal layer using laser.
Abstract:
A low power charge pump is provided that has complementary transistors capable of isolating switching noise from the input switching transistors. The charge pump uses charged currents that are matched in both magnitude and time to reduce switching noise in the output of the charge pump. The charge pump is also designed for use in a phase lock loop.
Abstract:
An organic source boat structure for organic electro-luminescent display fabricating apparatus is provided to form an organic layer having uniform thickness. The organic source boat structure comprises: a plurality of host cells having a plurality of evaporation holes for evaporation of host organic source; a plurality of dopant cells alternatively arranged to the plurality of host cells, having a plurality of evaporation holes for evaporation of dopant organic source; a contamination control plate arranged between the host cells and the dopant cells; and a side cover to stably support the host cells and the dopant cells.