摘要:
An electrophotographic image forming apparatus capable of reliably forming an image with density gradation, one which does not have a low-quality appearance. The estimated average halftone granularity of the toner image after developing but before electrostatic transfer was set at 0.25 or less. The average halftone granularity was found by measuring the granularity of a toner image at locations of different average brightness by means of newly proposed formula, and averaging the measured values for which the average brightness is 40 to 80. The estimated average halftone granularity was obtained by estimating the average halftone granularity of the toner image on a photoreceptor by means of a newly proposed method.
摘要:
An oxidation method is capable of forming oxide films in an improved interfilm thickness uniformity. The oxidation method includes the steps of supplying an oxidizing gas and a reducing gas into a processing vessel 22 capable of being evacuated and holding a plurality of workpieces W arranged at predetermined pitches, and creating a process atmosphere containing active oxygen species and active hydroxyl species in the processing vessel 22 through the interaction of the oxidizing gas and the reducing gas. At least either of the oxidizing gas and the reducing gas is jetted into an upstream region S1, a middle region S2 and a downstream region S3, with respect to the flowing direction of the gas, of a processing space S containing the workpieces W.
摘要翻译:氧化法能够以改善的膜间厚度均匀性形成氧化膜。 氧化方法包括以下步骤:将氧化气体和还原气体供给到能够抽真空并保持以预定间距布置的多个工件W的处理容器22中,并且产生含有活性氧和活性羟基的工艺气氛 处理容器22通过氧化气体和还原气体的相互作用。 将氧化气体和还原性气体中的至少任一种相对于气体的流动方向喷射到包含工件的处理空间S的上游区域S1,中间区域S 2和下游区域S 3中 W.
摘要:
A method and an apparatus accurately detect a rotor angle of a DC brushless motor by using a first-order difference of a detected value of a phase current. A periodic signal causing the total sum of output voltages in three control cycles to become zero is superposed over a drive voltage under current feedback control. The drive voltage is held at a constant level during the three control cycles. The phase difference between an actual value and an estimated value of a rotor angle is calculated, using the first-order differential current in each control cycle, and the estimated value of the rotor angle is calculated by follow-up computation of an observer, using the phase difference.
摘要:
An angle detector 25 sets a q-axis command current to a first magnetic pole detecting current Iq_p1 and a second magnetic pole detecting current Iq13p2, and performs a magnetic pole detecting process to calculate a first magnetic pole reference value A1 and a second magnetic pole reference value A2 (t2-t3, t4 -t5), and detect the orientation of the magnetic poles of a rotor 2 of a motor 1 based on the sign of the difference &Dgr;A (=A1-A2) between the first magnetic pole reference value Al and the second magnetic pole reference value A2. The angle detector 25 effects a proportional process only on the difference between the q-axis command current and a detected q-axis current and the difference between a d-axis command current and a detected d-axis current to calculate a current difference (t2-t5) under current feedback control when the magnetic pole detecting process is carried out, and effects a proportional plus integral process on the above differences to calculate a current difference (t0-t2, t5-) under current feedback control when the magnetic pole detecting process is not carried out.
摘要:
Methods and apparatuses for decoding a compressed video stream. In one aspect of the invention, a method to decode a variable length encoded bit stream includes: concurrently processing first data obtained from variable length decoding a first code word in a register while variable length decoding a second code word in the register. In one example, processing the first data includes: looking up an inverse zigzag index; computing an Inverse Direct Cosine Transformation (IDCT) coefficient; storing the IDCT coefficient in a buffer in a transposed inverse zigzag order; and branching conditionally based on a condition encountered in variable length decoding the first code word.
摘要:
The present invention relates to sustained-release pharmaceutical compositions for ionic pharmaceutically active substances (excluding ionic prostanoic acid derivatives) containing ionic compounds having opposite charges to those of the active substances and increasing hydrophobicity of the active substances. More specifically, the invention relates to sustained-release pharmaceutical compositions comprising the ionic pharmaceutically active substances and the ionic compounds having opposite charges to those of the active substances and increasing hydrophobicity of the active substances that contain hydrophobic groups in the molecule thereof. The pharmaceutical composition of the invention can exhibit excellent sustained release effect of the active substance, irrespective of water solubility possessed by the ionic pharmaceutically active substances.
摘要:
An article dispensing device is incorporated into an automatic vending machine capable of storing articles having a cylindrical or substantially cylindrical shape resembling bottles or cans in stacks, and of dispensing the articles in response to a dispensation command. The article dispensing device has a fixed plate serving as a wall defining an article dispensing passage, and holding a dispensing mechanism for dispensing the articles one at a time, and a movable unit disposed opposite to the fixed plate. The movable unit has a frame attached to the body of the automatic vending machine, a shiftable plate supported on the side walls of the frame by pivot pins fitted in slots formed respectively in the side walls and provided with a positioning projection projecting from at least one end thereof so as to engage with steps of a stepped positioning edge formed in the side wall selectively according to the diameter of the article passing through the dispensing passage. A biasing means for biasing the shiftable plate is provided so that a lower end portion of the shiftable plate protrudes into the dispensing passage.
摘要:
There is provided a document reader system for reading images of a large number of document papers while continuously feeding the document papers from an auto-feeder to a scanner so that image data read by the scanner can be supplied to a computer, which can easily meet various requirements of different users, easily satisfy a user having only a scanner and planning to purchase a microfilm camera additionally, reduce space needed for installing the whole system without providing double auto-feeders and stackers for the scanner and the microfilm camera, and which allows makers to easily provide various types of systems to meet user's requirements. The system includes a turn unit removably attached to the scanner so that the document papers passing through and ejected from the scanner can be returned to a stacker provided in the scanner. Each device portion of the system is formed as a unit so that various types of document reader systems can be obtained by combining necessary units.
摘要:
A UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) is used to interface serial data signals, and is provided to associate with a micro-processor in a micro-processor unit. The micro-processor unit is required to save consumption of power, if employed in such devices as a handy terminal device or the like. The micro-processor unit that can save consumption of power includes a microprocessor having a core section, which performs an arithmetic operation, and a universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter section operatively connected to the core section of the micro-processor. The universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter has a first circuit for receiving an asynchronous serial data signal, which is composed of a start bit, a stop bit and data bits provided between the start and stop bits. The first circuit also detects the start bit. Also included in the universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter is a second circuit for setting a flag indicating that the asynchronous serial data signal is being received when the start bit is detected by the first. When the micro-processor detects that the flag is set, stops the supply of clocks to the core section in a sleep mode.
摘要:
An information searching apparatus for managing and retrieving document data stored in a storage unit. The storage unit further comprises a managing information storage section for storing document managing information for managing the document data stored. The apparatus sets the document managing information in the managing information storage section in accordance with a type of data managing system and retrieves the stored document data on the basis of the document managing information set in the managing information storage section. Further, the apparatus has a function to change the type of data managing system to a different type of data managing system so that the document data stored are managed and retrieved in accordance with the data managing system changed. The apparatus can effectively manage data such that the document data is managed in accordance with a type of data managing system suitable for a kind of document and a work purpose.