Abstract:
A heat resistant film that comprises at least one layer that comprises a high crystallinity propylene polymer having a melt flow rate of from 0.5 g/10 min. to 15 g/10 min. and a xylene solubles of less than 3.5%. The propylene polymer may have a melting point above 158° C. The heat resistant film may further comprise at least a second layer, which may be a heterophasic random copolymer. The heat resistant film may be, for example, a blown film, a cast film, or an oriented film, and may be used in such articles of manufacture as construction films, retort packaging, and laminated articles.
Abstract:
External donor systems, catalyst systems and olefin polymerization processes are described herein. The external donor systems generally include a first external donor represented by the general formula SiR2m(OR3)4-m, wherein each R2 is independently selected from alkyls, cycloalkyls, aryls and vinyls, each R3 is independently selected from alkyls and m is from 0 to 4. The external donor systems further include a second external donor represented by the general formula SiR4m(OR5)4-m, wherein each R4 is independently selected from alkyls, cycloalkyls, aryls and vinyls, each R5 is independently selected from alkyls, m is from 0 to 4 and at least one R4 is a C3 or greater alkyl.
Abstract:
A process for the production of ethylbenzene by the ethylation of benzene in the critical phase in a reaction zone containing a molecular sieve aromatic alkylation catalyst comprising cerium-promoted zeolite beta. A polyethylbenzene is supplied into the reaction zone and into contact with the cerium-promoted zeolite beta having a silica/alumina mole ratio within the range of 20-500. The reaction zone is operated at temperature and pressure conditions in which benzene is in the supercritical phase to cause ethylation of the benzene and the transalkylation of polyethylbenzene and benzene in the presence of the zeolite beta catalyst. An alkylation product is produced containing ethylbenzene as a primary product with the attendant production of heavier alkylated byproducts of no more than 60 wt. % of the ethylbenzene. The alkylation reaction zone is operated under conditions providing a composite byproduct yield of propyl benzene and butyl benzene relative to ethylbenzene, which is no more than one half of the corresponding yield byproduct for zeolite beta promoted with lanthanum. The production of ethylbenzene in the critical phase alkylation reaction zone is attended by recycle of a polyalkylated aromatic component of the reaction product back to the reaction zone.
Abstract:
A thermoformed polypropylene article, or sheet for preparing such articles, is formed from a layer of substantially syndiotactic polypropylene and a thin outer layer of substantially isotactic polypropylene that is joined to the layer of syndiotactic polypropylene. At least one of the layers is a non-oriented layer. Two layers of isotactic polypropylene may be used with the layer of syndiotactic polypropylene, so that the syndiotactic polypropylene is sandwiched between the two layers of isotactic polypropylene. The use of the isotactic polypropylene enhances the processability of the syndiotactic polypropylene, which is oftentimes difficult to process because of its lower melting point and slow solidification rate. Because the sheet is comprised predominantly of syndiotactic polypropylene, utilizing only thin outer layers of isotactic polypropylene, it has better transparency and higher impact strength than those conventional articles formed entirely of isotactic polypropylene.
Abstract:
The present invention includes an end use article (i.e., an article of manufacture) and a process for making the same, wherein the end use article has a relatively high gloss and exhibits excellent processability over a wide range of processing conditions. The end use article can be formed with glossy polyethylene having an “a” parameter less than or equal to about 0.40, and the glossy polyethylene can be a Metallocene polyethylene. The end use article can have a 60° specular gloss of at least about 40%, or from about 40% to about 80%, or from about 60% to about 80%. The end use article may be pigmented or unpigmented.
Abstract:
A polymer film having a thickness of 10 microns or less and improved barrier characteristics to both water vapor and oxygen is formed from a biaxially-oriented polypropylene film of isotactic polypropylene. The polypropylene is prepared by the polymerization of propylene in the presence of an isospecific metallocene catalyst. The film has a permeability to water vapor of less than about 2.5 g/m2day/25 μm and a permeability to oxygen of less than about 2200 cc/m2day/25 μm. The film also has a haze properties of less than about 1%. The polypropylene contains 0.1 to 1% 2,1 insertions and has an isotacticity of at least 96% meso pentads. The isotactic polypropylene thus produced is then extruded into a sheet that is biaxially-oriented by stressing the sheet in the transverse and longitudinal directions to a draw ratio of at least about 6:1 in the transverse direction, and at least about 4:1 in the longitudinal direction.
Abstract translation:由全同立构聚丙烯的双轴取向聚丙烯膜形成厚度为10微米或更小并且对水蒸汽和氧气均具有改善的阻挡特性的聚合物膜。 聚丙烯通过丙烯在异相茂金属催化剂存在下的聚合制备。 该膜具有小于约2.5g / m 2 /天/25μm的水蒸气渗透性,并且对氧的渗透性小于约2200cc / m 2日 / 25妈妈。 该膜还具有小于约1%的雾度特性。 聚丙烯含有0.1至1%的2,1插入并且具有至少96%的内消旋五单元组的全同立构规整度。 然后将如此制备的全同立构聚丙烯挤压成双轴取向的片材,该片材沿横向和纵向施加片材的横向拉伸比至少约6:1,并且至少约4:1 纵向。
Abstract:
Residual monomer in a polymer matrix may be reduced by a method including admixing a polymer matrix comprising an amount of residual monomer and a conjugated diene. This method can be carried out under reaction conditions such that the amount of residual monomer is reduced. The monomer comprises at least one electron withdrawing substituent and the conjugated diene comprises at least one electron donating substituent. This method is particularly useful for reducing the amount of residual styrene monomer in polystyrene homopolymer and copolymer compositions.
Abstract:
Asphalt compositions and methods of forming such are described herein. The asphalt compositions and methods of forming such are generally adapted to enable open air processing while producing asphalt compositions that exhibit properties capable of meeting SUPERPAVE™ specifications.
Abstract:
A process for the production of ethylbenzene by the ethylation of benzene in the critical phase over a molecular sieve aromatic alkylation catalyst. An aromatic feedstock having a benzene content of at least 90 wt. % is supplied into a reaction zone into contact with a zeolite beta alkylation catalyst having a silica/alumina ratio within the range of 20-500, specifically 50-150. The alkylation catalyst is a zeolite beta specifically a lanthanum-modified zeolite beta. Ethylene is supplied to the reaction zone to provide a benzene/ethylene mole ratio of 1-15. The reaction zone is operated under conditions in which benzene is in the supercritical phase to produce an alkylation product containing ethylbenzene as a primary product with heavier alkylated by-products of no more than 60 wt. % of the ethylbenzene. The alkylation product is recovered from the reaction zone and supplied to a separation and recovery zone to separate ethylbenzene from a polyalkylated component including diethylbenzene. At least a portion of the polyalkylated component is supplied to a transalkylation reaction zone containing a molecular sieve transalkylation catalyst. The transalkylation reaction zone contains a zeolite Y catalyst and is operated under liquid phase conditions.