Abstract:
A circuit board includes a first and second ground layer and a plurality of signal vias extending between the ground layers but not electrical contact therewith. Ground vias coupled to the first and second ground layers can be positioned adjacent signal vias and can include ground traces that extend between adjacent ground vias. Air holes can be positioned between signal vias and/or adjacent signal vias to modify the electrical performance of the circuit board. Ground wings can be used to help tune common-mode and/or differential-mode impedances.
Abstract:
In a method of vapor etching, a sample that includes a first layer atop of and in contact with a second layer which is atop of and in contact with a third layer, wherein at least the first and second layers are comprised of different materials. The sample is etched by a vapor etchant under first process conditions that cause at least a part of the first layer to be fully removed while leaving the third layer and the second layer underlying the removed part of the first layer substantially unetched. The sample is then etched by the same or a different vapor etchant under second process conditions that cause at least the part of the second layer exposed by the removal of the at least part of the first layer to be fully removed while leaving the third layer underlying the removed part of the second layer substantially unetched.
Abstract:
A system for non-contact cleaning of particulate contamination of surfaces includes one or more sources that create a charge imbalance between a surface and particles that contaminate the surface, and a power supply that creates a pulsed electrical bias on the surface. This imbalance produces an electrostatic force that propels the particles off the surface. The cleaning process can be associated, for example, with microelectronic lithography and manufacturing.
Abstract:
An integrated contact is disposed on the end of a conical coil form. Fine magnet wire is soldered to the integrated contact and wound around the coil form to fabricate a high-frequency inductor for use in high-frequency chokes and other high-frequency devices. In one embodiment, the integrated contact is plated on the tip of a polyiron coil form and less than one turn of wire is wrapped around the plated portion of the polyiron coil form. The integrated contact has reduced contact area, reducing capacitive coupling and improving high-frequency electrical performance.
Abstract:
Adhesive bonds can be formed by a process that includes applying a dispersion containing a polyurethane which has structural units of formula (I) —N═C═N— (I) to a surface. The dispersion is first coated onto the surface to form a coating. The coating is dried to give an essentially anhydrous coating. The dried coating is then subjected to heat activation. The adhesive bond is formed by joining the heat activated coating to itself or to another surface.
Abstract:
A process is disclosed for determining the phototoxicity and/or photosensitivity of substances or substance mixtures, involving putting the chemical substance or substance mixture into contact with a non-human vertebrate embryo or tissues or tissue components of a vertebrate embryo, except for human skin cell cultures, whereby, following the contact, there is also a treatment with electromagnetic radiation ranging from 1 mm to 200 nm, followed by evaluation of the pathology of the embryo, tissue or cell; also disclosed is the use of a non-human vertebrate embryo or tissues or tissue components of such an embryo, except for human cell cultures, for purposes of determining the phototoxicity and/or photosensitivity of chemical substances/substance mixtures.
Abstract:
A device is disclosed for draining flexible fluid containers, in particular blood bags which form part of an extracorporeal system in a single needle-type arrangement, having a movable plate (4b) and a fixed plate (4a) in which both plates are configured to confront a flexible fluid container. A force member (14), and a force transfer means (8, 18), are arranged in such a way that the force acting upon the movable plate (4b) increases as the container is drained.
Abstract:
A machining center, particularly adapted for automated turning of workpieces, includes a headstock with one or more rotatably mounted spindles located in spaced generally horizontal alignment with drive means connected to rotate the spindles independently of each other as necessary. Automatic chucks or collets are mounted on and driven by each spindle. A bed supporting a power-driven cross slide extends across the axis of the spindle and at one end substantially beyond, in an offset T configuration, defining one or more machining areas between the chucks and one end of the bed. A ram carrying one or more tools, and mounted on the slide parallel to the spindle axes, faces into the machining area. A ram drive moves it toward and away from the chuck to maneuver a tool with respect to workpieces. Barriers including interconnected top, side and end walls define machine rooms isolating the headstock, bed, slide, all of the drives and all but the one end of the ram from a machining area occupied by the chuck(s) and tool holder. The rooms encompass the range of movement of the one end of said ram as the slide is traversed along the bed. Doors in the rooms allow loading and unloading of workpieces.
Abstract:
Floor covering adhesives substantially comprisingA. a dispersion of a copolymer of20-60% by weight of vinylidene chloride34-80% by weight of a mixture of 40-80 parts by weight of esters of acrylic acid with C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 -alkanols and 20-60 parts by weight of vinyl esters and0.5 to 6% by weight of .alpha.,62 -monoolefinically unsaturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 -mono- and/or dicarboxylic acids and/or amides thereof and/or vinyl sulfonate,B. 30-150 parts by weight (solid), based on 100 parts of a copolymer of A, of tackifying resins from the group of the rosins and derivatives thereof,C. 0-50 parts by weight, based on 100 parts of resin B, of plasticizers and/or liquid resins and also, if desired,D. fillers,are shampoo-resistant and have a high peel strength.
Abstract:
A flexible bulk container is disclosed, integral with a wheeled vehicle, that has an open bulk mode and a closed flat bed mode. The container can be used one way full and the return journal empty in the flat bed mode with other cargo on the flat bed. The container comprises a main frame with two laterally spaced longitudinal members, two floor panel sections, each hinged at outside edges across the top surfaces of the longitudinal members, the two panel sections having a closed position providing a substantially flat floor, and an open position wherein the two panel sections slope upwards and outwards from each other, flexible liner attached to the two panel sections and the main frame, providing a bulk container when the two panel sections are in the open position, strut support means at the end of each of the longitudinal members to support the two panel sections in the open position, and discharge hopper means between the longitudinal members for emptying the bulk container.