Abstract:
The present invention provides a controller for controlling a modeled plant robustly against disturbance. The controller comprises an estimator and a control unit. The estimator estimates disturbance applied to the plant. The control unit determines an input to the plant so that an output of the plant converges to a desired value. The input to the plant is determined to include a value obtained by multiplying the estimated disturbance by a predetermined gain. Since estimated disturbance is reflected in the input to the plant, control having robustness against disturbance is implemented. The controller may comprise a state predictor. The state predictor predicts the output of the plant based on the estimated disturbance and dead time included in the plant. The control unit determined the input to the plant so that the predicted output converges to a desired value. Since the state predictor allows for the dead time, the accuracy of the control is improved. The estimated disturbance is reflected in the predicted output, an error between the predicted output and an actual output of the plant is removed.
Abstract:
A control system for a plant is disclosed. According to this system, a model parameter vector of a controlled object model which is obtained by modeling the plant, is identified. A controller controls the plant using the identified model parameter vector. An identifying error of the model parameter vector is calculated, and the calculated identifying error is limited in a predetermined range. An updating vector is calculated according to the limited identifying error. The model parameter vector is calculated by adding the updating vector to a reference vector of the model parameter vector.
Abstract:
A control system for a throttle valve actuating device is disclosed. The throttle valve actuating device has a throttle valve of an internal combustion engine and an actuator for actuating the throttle valve. Model parameters of a controlled object model obtained by modeling the throttle valve actuating device is identified by an identifier. The model parameters includes a specific model parameter irrelevant to an input and an output of the controlled object model. An opening of the throttle valve is controlled to a target opening using the identified model parameters. It is determined that the throttle valve actuating device is abnormal when the value of the specific model parameter becomes greater than a predetermined value.
Abstract:
A control system for a plant is disclosed. According to this system, a value of a switching function which is defined as a linear function of a deviation between the output of the plant and a control target value, is calculated. A reaching mode input is calculated. The reaching mode input contributes to placing a deviation state quantity which is defined based on the deviation, onto a switching straight line on which the value of the switching function becomes zero. The reaching mode input is corrected according to the value of the switching function. A control input to the plant is calculated with a response specifying type control, and the control input includes the reaching mode input. The plant is controlled with the calculated control input.
Abstract:
Providing an oral formulation of a macrolide compound where the dissolution of the macrolide compound is under sustained release; and a sustained-release formulation containing a composition in solid solution, where the macrolide compound is present at an amorphous state in a solid base.
Abstract:
A piezoelectric-element drive apparatus includes a direct-current power supply. An energy storing capacitor is connected in parallel with the direct-current power supply. An energy-transfer switching element becomes on when energy is transferred from the energy storing capacitor. A piezoelectric element connected in parallel with the energy storing capacitor receives energy and expands when the energy-transfer switching element becomes on. A discharging coil is connected in parallel with the piezoelectric element. A discharging switching element is operative for discharging the piezoelectric element via the discharging coil. A coupling transformer is provided between the energy storing capacitor and the piezoelectric element.
Abstract:
A printing device such as a printer of the type using a type wheel in which a carriage is loaded with a printing mechanism and movable along a carrier to allow the printing mechanism to print out data on a paper, which is wrapped around a platen. The carrier and/or the carriage is produced by press-forming a single sheet metal to cut down the production cost and the number of structural elements of the printer.
Abstract:
An optical fiber temperature sensor implements a temperature monitoring function in an interphase insulating material between sandwich bus bars. The optical fiber temperature sensor is formed by housing an optical fiber cable in a housing formed from an ultra-thin sheet made from an insulating material having insulation quality equal to or higher than interphase insulating material between sandwich bus bars. Multiple ultra-thin columnar members, each made from same material as is housing, are housed in multiple locations in housing. Multiple sensor rings are each formed by unfixedly winding a portion of optical fiber cable with a length equal to or longer than that corresponding to range resolution around corresponding one of ultra-thin columnar members. The multiple sensor rings measure temperatures in multiple locations. Silicone sealing is applied to housing side surfaces. All surfaces of housing are sealed with a hermetic sealing member made from a silicone-based liquid insulating material.
Abstract:
Provided is a step-shaped drill bit including at least two stepped cutting edges that are axially provided. A cutting edge of a first step from a tip is formed so as to satisfy at least one of the following conditions. That is, a number of blades is smaller, a point angle of the cutting edge is larger, or a clearance angle of the cutting edge is larger than that of cutting edges of a second and subsequent step(s). As a result, a thrust resistance during a perforation can be reduced compared with a case in which the first step cutting edge is formed such that the number of blades, the point angle of the cutting edge and the clearance angle of the cutting edge are the same as those of the second and subsequent step(s).
Abstract:
An optical fiber temperature sensor implements a temperature monitoring function in an interphase insulating material between sandwich bus bars. The optical fiber temperature sensor is formed by housing an optical fiber cable in a housing formed from an ultra-thin sheet made from an insulating material having insulation quality equal to or higher than interphase insulating material between sandwich bus bars. Multiple ultra-thin columnar members, each made from same material as is housing, are housed in multiple locations in housing. Multiple sensor rings are each formed by unfixedly winding a portion of optical fiber cable with a length equal to or longer than that corresponding to range resolution around corresponding one of ultra-thin columnar members. The multiple sensor rings measure temperatures in multiple locations. Silicone sealing is applied to housing side surfaces. All surfaces of housing are sealed with a hermetic sealing member made from a silicone-based liquid insulating material.