摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes a fixing device having a pressure roller. The surface of the pressure roller is coated with a PFA resin and has an average surface roughness Ra of 0.05 to 0.13 μm. A thermister is provided to detect the surface temperature of the pressure roller. The thermister includes a metal plate, a resister element attached to the metal plate, and a pair of fluorocarbon-resin films sandwiching the metal plate and the resister element. The fluorocarbon-resin film has a thickness of 15 μm to 80 μm.
摘要:
An image forming and recording apparatus, having a fixing apparatus for fixing unfixed toner image on a recording medium, wherein the fixing apparatus includes a fixing roller integrating a heater therein, an endless belt wound around the fixing roller, and three pressure members for pressing the endless belt onto the fixing roller. A pressure member located nearest to a side of entry of paper among the three pressure members is made up with a non-rotary type pressure member, and other two pressure members are made up with either one of a rotary type pressure member and the non-rotary type pressure member.
摘要:
In an image processing apparatus for performing image processing of a processed object by displaying the processed object and an operating cursor on an image display device, and by operating the operating cursor according to three-dimensional actions of the hand and the fingers of an operator, a processing function and a shape of the operating cursor are changed by judging the meaning of the three-dimensional actions of the hand and the fingers to support understanding of the processing function.
摘要:
A clutch device with a cam mechanism is provided, which is free from drag loss when the phase is switched from a state wherein the cam mechanism is operative to a state wherein it is inoperative. A cam groove 1c and a recess 1d are formed on the inner surface 1a of a piston, and a cam groove 3c and a projection 3d to be inserted into the recess 1d are formed on the inner surface 3a of a pressure plate 3. Between the cam grooves 1c and the 3c is interposed a cam roller 2 loosely retained by a roller cage 4. When the hydraulic pressure is applied to the back surface 1b of the piston 1 while a C.sub.3 clutch disk 5 rotates faster than the piston 1, the cam mechanism is operative to carry out the engagement operation. On the contrary, when the application of the hydraulic pressure is interrupted while the C.sub.3 clutch disk 5 rotates slower than the piston 1, the engagement is released. Meanwhile, the riding of the cam roller 2 over the cam elements is avoidable by the recess 1d and the projection 3d.
摘要:
A flywheel (FW) includes a front cover as a first mass member (102), an inner plate as a second mass member (104), and a coiled spring as a damper member (106) which is interposed between the first and second mass members. A clutch or a clutch body (108) is disposed so as to be connectible with and disconnectible from the inner plate (104) by hydraulic pressures (P0, P1). The front cover (102) and the inner plate (104) are united through a friction plate as coupling means (110) by the hydraulic pressures (P0, P1) for connecting and disconnecting the clutch (108). Thus, the first and second mass members (102, 104) can be united by the simple construction of low cost. Furthermore the uniting operation, inclusive of its synchronization with the control of the clutch body (108), can be precisely controlled.
摘要:
New compound, designated as leucanicidin, is now provided and is useful as insecticide. Leucanicidin is fermentatively produced by a microorganism Streptomyces halstedii No. 3002-14, (FEKM BP-493).
摘要:
A value correlated with a basic required driving force to be required at re-acceleration is estimated from the deceleration of a decelerating vehicle. A target gear ratio of a CVT is determined from a value obtained by correcting the value correlated with the basic required driving force based on a maximum amount of vehicle speed change at the current time point and an amount of vehicle speed change from the start of a gear ratio control up to the current time point.
摘要:
Static demand engine torque set in a static torque setter is converted into dynamic demand engine torque in a converter using an engine model C (s) represented by a first-order lag function. A time constant T of engine model C (s) is calculated by a time constant calculator. The time constant calculator calculates time constant T in accordance with the static demand engine torque set in the static torque setter and dynamic demand engine torque set in a dynamic torque setter. The dynamic demand engine torque set in the dynamic torque setter is added to the dynamic demand engine torque converted from the static demand engine torque in the converter.
摘要:
A shift output torque control unit executes a shift output torque control to control an engine torque so as to reduce a driving force difference, which is a variation width of a driving force due to downshift of an automatic transmission. Thus, in comparison with the case in which the shift output torque control is not executed, it is possible to smooth a variation in driving force associated with the downshift. As a result, occupants' comfort and controllability to driving operation may be improved.
摘要:
In the one-way clutch of a torque converter, an outer race (30 in FIG. 10A) which is assembled on the inner circumferential side of a stator so as to be unrotatable includes a first side face (31) which is provided with first teeth (32). An inner race (40) which is mounted on a stationary shaft so as to be unrotatable includes a second side face (41) which is opposite to the first side face (31) and which is provided with second teeth (42). With the rotation of the outer race (30), the first teeth (32) and the second teeth (42) are engaged and disengaged by the functions of an intermediate member (50) which moves along inclined planes (33) formed in the first side face (31). Thus, shock noise are prevented during the release of the one-way clutch.