公开(公告)号：US08361401B2

公开(公告)日：2013-01-29

申请号：US13314562

申请日：2011-12-08

Applicant: Alexander Fridman ,  Alexander F. Gutsol ,  Young I. Cho ,  Lawrence Kennedy ,  Alexei Saveliev ,  Andrey Romanets ,  Igor Martveev ,  Kenneth Blank

Inventor： Alexander Fridman ,  Alexander F. Gutsol ,  Young I. Cho ,  Lawrence Kennedy ,  Alexei Saveliev ,  Andrey Romanets ,  Igor Martveev ,  Kenneth Blank

IPC: B01J19/08

CPC classification number: F23C10/007 ,  B01F5/0068 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/085 ,  B01J8/14 ,  B01J8/245 ,  B01J19/006 ,  B01J19/088 ,  B01J2208/0084 ,  B01J2219/0809 ,  B01J2219/0824 ,  B01J2219/0879 ,  B01J2219/0894 ,  B01J2219/1946 ,  B22F9/22 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  H05H1/48 ,  B22F2202/13 ,  B22F2202/15

Abstract: A vortex reactor is provided. The vortex reactor includes a substantially cylindrical shaped portion forming a reaction chamber therein, wherein said substantially cylindrical shaped portion forms a first charged electrode; a circumferential flow apparatus fluidly connected to the reaction chamber for creating a circumferential fluid flow; a second charged electrode; and an outlet for releasing said circumferential fluid flow. Also provided are methods of processing particulate solids using the vortex reactor of the invention.

Abstract translation: 提供涡流反应器。 涡流反应器包括在其中形成反应室的基本上圆柱形的部分，其中所述基本上圆柱形的部分形成第一带电电极; 流体连接到反应室的周向流动装置，用于产生周向流体流动; 第二带电电极; 以及用于释放所述周向流体流的出口。 还提供了使用本发明的涡流反应器处理颗粒固体的方法。

公开(公告)号：US20100219136A1

公开(公告)日：2010-09-02

申请号：US12304394

申请日：2007-06-15

Applicant: Christopher A. Campbell ,  Young I. Cho ,  Alexander F. Gutsol ,  Alexander Fridman ,  Frank T. Snyder ,  Vincent Szarko ,  Erik Yelk ,  Jesse Zanolini ,  Victor Vasilets

Inventor： Christopher A. Campbell ,  Young I. Cho ,  Alexander F. Gutsol ,  Alexander Fridman ,  Frank T. Snyder ,  Vincent Szarko ,  Erik Yelk ,  Jesse Zanolini ,  Victor Vasilets

IPC: C02F1/46 ,  A61L2/14

CPC classification number: C02F1/4606 ,  C02F1/001 ,  C02F1/4608 ,  C02F1/46104 ,  C02F1/48 ,  C02F2001/46152 ,  C02F2103/023 ,  C02F2201/4611 ,  C02F2201/46165 ,  C02F2201/4617 ,  C02F2201/46175 ,  C02F2301/024 ,  C02F2301/026 ,  C02F2303/04

Abstract: A method for the treatment of fluid including the step of exposing the fluid to a pulsed plasma discharge. The pulsed plasma discharge will be generated using a suitable electrode configuration to generate the plasma discharge in the fluid. Apparatus useful in the method may include a vessel, at least two electrodes for generating a plasma discharge in water, and a flow inlet and a flow outlet to allow water to be passed through the vessel. Also described is an in-line water treatment, where a pulsed plasma discharge is used in a pipe carrying moving water. Plasma based fluid treatment system may have many advantages in comparison to other treatment methods, such as very minimal maintenance, low operating power, and minimal pressure loss through the device.

Abstract translation: 一种用于处理流体的方法，包括将流体暴露于脉冲等离子体放电的步骤。 将使用合适的电极配置产生脉冲等离子体放电，以在流体中产生等离子体放电。 在该方法中有用的装置可以包括容器，用于在水中产生等离子体放电的至少两个电极以及允许水通过容器的流入口和流出口。 还描述了一种在线水处理，其中在携带移动水的管道中使用脉冲等离子体放电。 与其他处理方法相比，基于等离子体的流体处理系统可以具有许多优点，例如极小的维护，低的操作功率和通过该装置的最小的压力损失。

公开(公告)号：US06293108B1

公开(公告)日：2001-09-25

申请号：US09608656

申请日：2000-06-30

Applicant: Young I. Cho ,  Cheolho Bai

Inventor： Young I. Cho ,  Cheolho Bai

IPC: F25B902

CPC classification number: F25B6/04 ,  F25B9/006 ,  F25B9/04 ,  F25B43/003 ,  F25B2341/0011 ,  F25B2341/0012 ,  F25B2341/0014 ,  F25B2400/12 ,  F25B2400/23

Abstract: A regenerative type of refrigeration system recirculates a mixture of R-134a, R-32 and R-125 through first and second series condensers. A first vortex tube is connected to the inlet of the first condenser and a second vortex tube is connected at the outlet of the first condenser to provide a vapor path from a compressor through the condensers to an expansion device and evaporator. The liquid inlet of a first vortex tube and a liquid outlet of a second vortex tube are connected together to define a closed recirculation path around the first condenser for liquified R-134a.

Abstract translation: 再生式制冷系统通过第一和第二串联电容器将R-134a，R-32和R-125的混合物再循环。 第一涡流管连接到第一冷凝器的入口，第二涡流管连接在第一冷凝器的出口处，以提供从压缩机通过冷凝器到膨胀装置和蒸发器的蒸气路径。 第一涡流管的液体入口和第二涡流管的液体出口被连接在一起以限定用于液化的R-134a的第一冷凝器周围的封闭再循环路径。

公开(公告)号：US5916490A

公开(公告)日：1999-06-29

申请号：US897070

申请日：1997-07-21

Applicant: Young I. Cho

Inventor： Young I. Cho

IPC: C02F1/46 ,  F24F6/00 ,  B01F3/04

CPC classification number: F24F6/00 ,  C02F1/4602 ,  C02F2201/4613 ,  C02F2201/4615 ,  F24F2006/006 ,  Y10S261/46 ,  Y10S261/48

Abstract: A humidifier is provided of the type which has a water tank or reservoir for holding tap water. Common tap water frequently is "hard" due to dissolved minerals which result in the humidifier emitting a fine dust when such water is used. By affixing electroplated electrodes to the interior of the tank minerals such as calcium carbonate can precipitate on the surface of the cathodes. Temporarily reversing the polarity of the electrodes will cause the calcium carbonate to be dislodged from the electrodes and fall to the bottom of the reservoir where it can be removed.

Abstract translation: 提供一种具有用于容纳自来水的水箱或水箱的类型的加湿器。 常见的自来水由于溶解的矿物质而“硬”，导致加湿器在使用这种水时会发出细粉尘。 通过将电镀电极固定到罐的内部，例如碳酸钙可以沉淀在阴极的表面上。 暂时反转电极的极性将导致碳酸钙从电极中移出并落到储存器的底部，在其底部可以被去除。

公开(公告)号：US5670041A

公开(公告)日：1997-09-23

申请号：US544026

申请日：1995-10-17

Applicant: Young I. Cho ,  Karl M. Kyriss

Inventor： Young I. Cho ,  Karl M. Kyriss

IPC: C02F1/48

CPC classification number: C02F1/487 ,  C02F2201/483 ,  C02F2303/22 ,  Y10S138/06

Abstract: A method for minimizing localized corrosion of fluid containers that occurs as a consequence of most non-chemical procedures for removing scale deposits is described. It counteracts the unavoidable side-effect of the lowering of the local pH in the vicinity of the bubbles of CO.sub.2 that are generated during an electromagnetically-induced controlled precipitation procedure. The method is a simple and facile procedure for curbing the localized corrosion occurring as a result of most non-chemical procedures for removing scales. The method is desirably performed by an induction coil wrapped around a fluid container such as a pipe encrusted with scale through which hard water is flowing. A pulsing electrical current is successively applied through the coil and halted, preferably for 3 to 10 minutes each. When the current is applied, a transitory induced magnetic field is generated in the solution, and scale encrusted on the fluid container dissolves in the solution. When the pulsing current is stopped, the induced magnetic field in the solution ceases and so the scale stops dissolving, allowing a protective layer of scale to form over potential points of corrosion. Optionally permanent magnets may be used in the process, alone or with an induction coil.

Abstract translation: 描述了一种用于最小化流体容器的局部腐蚀的方法，这种腐蚀是大多数用于去除垢垢的非化学过程的结果。 它抵消了在电磁感应控制沉淀过程中产生的CO 2气泡附近局部pH降低的不可避免的副作用。 该方法是用于抑制由于大多数非化学程序去除垢而导致的局部腐蚀的简单和容易的程序。 该方法期望地通过缠绕在流体容器上的感应线圈来实现，该流体容器例如是包裹有硬质水流过的水垢的管道。 脉冲电流依次通过线圈施加并停止，优选为3至10分钟。 当施加电流时，在溶液中产生瞬时感应磁场，并且结垢在流体容器上的刻度溶解在溶液中。 当脉冲电流停止时，溶液中的感应磁场停止，因此刻度停止溶解，允许保护层形成超过潜在的腐蚀点。 可选地，永磁体可以在该过程中单独使用或与感应线圈一起使用。

公开(公告)号：US09511240B2

公开(公告)日：2016-12-06

申请号：US13256556

申请日：2010-03-16

Applicant: Danil V. Dobrynin ,  Alexander Fridman ,  Young I. Cho ,  Gregory Fridman ,  Gennady Friedman

Inventor： Danil V. Dobrynin ,  Alexander Fridman ,  Young I. Cho ,  Gregory Fridman ,  Gennady Friedman

IPC: A61M37/00 ,  A61N1/44 ,  A61N1/04

CPC classification number: A61N1/44 ,  A61N1/0468 ,  A61N1/0472

Abstract: Disclosed herein are atmospheric pressure pin-to-hole pulsed spark discharge devices and methods for creating plasma. The devices include a conduit for fluidically communicating a gas, a plasma, or both, therethrough, portion of the conduit capable of being connected to a gas supply, and a second portion of the conduit capable of emitting a plasma; a positive electrode comprising a sharp tip; and a ground plate electrode. Disclosed are methods for treating a skin ulcer using non-thermal plasma include flowing a gas through a cold spark discharge zone simultaneously with the creation of a pulsed spark discharge to give rise to a non-thermal plasma emitted from a conduit, the non-thermal plasma comprising NO; and contacting a skin ulcer with said non-thermal plasma for sufficient time and intensity to give rise to treatment of the skin ulcer.

Abstract translation: 本文公开了大气压针对孔脉冲火花放电装置和用于产生等离子体的方法。 这些装置包括用于使气体，等离子体或两者流体连通的管道，其能够连接到气体源的导管部分和能够发射等离子体的导管的第二部分; 包括锋利尖端的正电极; 和接地板电极。 公开了使用非热等离子体治疗皮肤溃疡的方法，包括在产生脉冲火花放电的同时使气体流过冷火花放电区，以产生从导管发射的非热等离子体，非热 等离子体包含NO; 并使皮肤溃疡与所述非热等离子体接触足够的时间和强度以引起皮肤溃疡的治疗。

公开(公告)号：US09151486B2

公开(公告)日：2015-10-06

申请号：US13639135

申请日：2011-04-11

Applicant: Young I. Cho

Inventor： Young I. Cho

IPC: F22B1/28 ,  F24H4/04 ,  F24H9/20

CPC classification number: F24D17/0036 ,  F22B1/28 ,  F22B1/281 ,  F24D17/02 ,  F24D2200/123 ,  F24H4/04 ,  F24H9/2021 ,  F25B27/00 ,  F25D21/08 ,  Y02B10/20 ,  Y02B10/70

Abstract: An energy efficient heat pump system capable of operating in extreme low and high temperature environments. The heat pump system includes an evaporator, a heater operatively associated with the evaporator, compressor and condenser. In an exemplary embodiment, the heat pump system may further include a plasma pulse-spark system to facilitate removal of scale deposits. The heater heats an environmental medium prior to the environmental medium exchanging energy with a refrigerant located in an evaporator coil of the evaporator in order to maintain a predetermined minimum temperature differential between the environmental medium when it contacts the evaporator coil and the refrigerant when located in the evaporator coil. The system allows efficient operation at low temperatures.

Abstract translation: 能够在极低温和高温环境下工作的节能型热泵系统。 热泵系统包括蒸发器，与蒸发器可操作地连接的加热器，压缩机和冷凝器。 在示例性实施例中，热泵系统还可以包括等离子体脉冲 - 火花系统，以便于去除垢垢。 在环境介质与位于蒸发器的蒸发器盘管内的制冷剂交换能量之前，加热器将环境介质加热，以便当环境介质接触蒸发器盘管和制冷剂位于 蒸发器盘管。 该系统允许在低温下有效的操作。

公开(公告)号：US20130025300A1

公开(公告)日：2013-01-31

申请号：US13639135

申请日：2011-04-11

Applicant: Young I. Cho

Inventor： Young I. Cho

IPC: F25B29/00 ,  F25D21/04 ,  F25B30/02

CPC classification number: F24D17/0036 ,  F22B1/28 ,  F22B1/281 ,  F24D17/02 ,  F24D2200/123 ,  F24H4/04 ,  F24H9/2021 ,  F25B27/00 ,  F25D21/08 ,  Y02B10/20 ,  Y02B10/70

Abstract: An energy efficient heat pump system capable of operating in extreme low and high temperature environments. The heat pump system includes an evaporator, a heater operatively associated with the evaporator, compressor and condenser. In an exemplary embodiment, the heat pump system may further include a plasma pulse-spark system to facilitate removal of scale deposits. The heater heats an environmental medium prior to the environmental medium exchanging energy with a refrigerant located in an evaporator coil of the evaporator in order to maintain a predetermined minimum temperature differential between the environmental medium when it contacts the evaporator coil and the refrigerant when located in the evaporator coil. The system allows efficient operation at low temperatures.

Abstract translation: 能够在极低温和高温环境下工作的节能型热泵系统。 热泵系统包括蒸发器，与蒸发器可操作地连接的加热器，压缩机和冷凝器。 在示例性实施例中，热泵系统还可以包括等离子体脉冲 - 火花系统，以便于去除垢垢。 在环境介质与位于蒸发器的蒸发器盘管内的制冷剂交换能量之前，加热器将环境介质加热，以便当环境介质接触蒸发器盘管和制冷剂位于 蒸发器盘管。 该系统允许在低温下有效的操作。

公开(公告)号：US07244360B2

公开(公告)日：2007-07-17

申请号：US10493094

申请日：2002-10-23

Applicant: Young I. Cho

Inventor： Young I. Cho

IPC: C02F1/48

CPC classification number: C02F1/487 ,  C02F1/001 ,  C02F1/38 ,  C02F1/4602 ,  C02F1/48 ,  C02F1/56 ,  C02F5/10 ,  C02F5/12 ,  C02F2001/46138 ,  C02F2103/023 ,  C02F2201/4613 ,  C02F2303/04 ,  C02F2303/20 ,  C02F2303/22

Abstract: The present invention provides a physical water treatment (PWT) method and apparatus to treat liquid coolants. Electrodes (22, 24) are provided in a coolant stream (21), and an alternating voltage is applied across the electrodes (22, 24) to produce an electric field through the coolant. The alternating voltage creates an oscillating electric field in the coolant that promotes the collision of dissolved mineral ions. The ions collide to form seed particles that precipitate out of solution. Bulk precipitation of seed particles decreases the availability of ions in solution which can crystallize on heat transfer surfaces. The seed particles adhere to additional ions that separate out of solution and form larger particles that may be removed from the coolant stream (21) using a variety of treatment measures. In addition to precipitating mineral ions, the electric field may be applied to destroy bacteria, algae and microorganisms that accumulate in the coolant stream (21).

Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种处理液体冷却剂的物理水处理（PWT）方法和设备。 电极（22,24）设置在冷却剂流（21）中，并且跨越电极（22,24）施加交流电压以通过冷却剂产生电场。 交流电压在冷却剂中产生振荡电场，促进溶解的矿物离子的碰撞。 离子碰撞形成沉淀出溶液的种子颗粒。 种子颗粒的大量沉淀会降低溶液中可能会在传热表面上结晶的溶液的可用性。 种子颗粒粘附到分离出溶液的另外的离子，并形成可以使用各种处理措施从冷却剂流（21）中除去的更大的颗粒。 除了沉淀矿物离子之外，还可以施加电场以破坏积聚在冷却剂流（21）中的细菌，藻类和微生物。

公开(公告)号：US06450974B1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-17

申请号：US09708137

申请日：2000-11-08

Applicant: Sangho Kim ,  Sehyun Shin ,  Young I. Cho

Inventor： Sangho Kim ,  Sehyun Shin ,  Young I. Cho

IPC: A61B500

CPC classification number: G01N11/06 ,  A61B5/02035 ,  G01N11/04 ,  G01N2013/0283

Abstract: A method for isolating the effects of surface tension and/or yield stress of a fluid that is flowing in a U-shaped tube wherein one or both legs of the U-shaped tube is monitored over time for the changing height of the respective fluid columns therein. A portion of the U-shaped tube comprises a flow restrictor, e.g., a capillary tube, of known dimensions. Monitoring one or both of the moving fluid columns over time permits the determination of the viscosity of the fluid flowing therein over a range of shear rates from the difference in fluid column heights. However, it is necessary to isolate the effects of surface tension and/or yield stress to obtain an accurate viscosity determination. The method provides one manner in which the surface tension effect can be subtracted from the difference in fluid column heights and then any yield stress effect can then be determined. Alternatively, the method also provides a process by which both the surface tension effect and yield stress effect can be determined simultaneously.

Abstract translation: 用于分离在U形管中流动的流体的表面张力和/或屈服应力的影响的方法，其中U形管的一个或两个腿随着时间的推移监测各个流体柱的变化高度 其中。 U形管的一部分包括具有已知尺寸的限流器，例如毛细管。 随着时间的推移监测一个或两个运动流体柱可以在流体柱高度的差异的剪切速率范围内确定流过其中的流体的粘度。 然而，有必要分离表面张力和/或屈服应力的影响，以获得准确的粘度测定。 该方法提供了一种方式，其中可以从流体柱高度的差中减去表面张力效应，然后可以确定任何屈服应力效应。 或者，该方法还提供了同时确定表面张力效应和屈服应力效应两者的过程。