公开(公告)号：US20090279174A1

公开(公告)日：2009-11-12

申请号：US12116791

申请日：2008-05-07

Applicant: Mark W. Miles ,  Brian W. Arbuckle ,  Ion Bita ,  Manish Kothari ,  Patrick F. Brinkley ,  Gang Xu ,  Nassim Khonsari ,  Jonathan C. Griffiths

Inventor： Mark W. Miles ,  Brian W. Arbuckle ,  Ion Bita ,  Manish Kothari ,  Patrick F. Brinkley ,  Gang Xu ,  Nassim Khonsari ,  Jonathan C. Griffiths

IPC: G02B1/10 ,  G02B5/00 ,  B05D5/06

CPC classification number: G02B5/288 ,  B41M3/003 ,  G02B5/26 ,  Y10S359/90

Abstract: Methods of fabricating a static interferometric image device and static interferometric image device formed by the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method includes providing a substrate. A plurality of liquid layers are formed over the substrate by an inkjet process such that the layers are lateral to one another. The liquid layers contain a solidifiable material or particles. Then, the plurality of liquid layers are solidified to form a plurality of solid layers. In some embodiments, the substrate includes pre-defined cavities, and the liquid layers are formed in the cavities. In other embodiments, the substrate includes a substantially planar, stepped, or continuously transitioning surface, and the liquid layers are formed on the surface. The inkjet process provides optical fillers or spacers for defining interferometric gaps between absorbers and reflectors in the display device, based at least partially on an image that the display device is designed to display.

Abstract translation: 公开了制造静态干涉图像装置和由其形成的静态干涉图像装置的方法。 在一个实施例中，一种方法包括提供衬底。 通过喷墨工艺在基板上形成多个液体层，使得这些层彼此横向。 液体层含有可凝固的材料或颗粒。 然后，使多个液体层固化，形成多个固体层。 在一些实施例中，衬底包括预定义的空腔，并且在空腔中形成液体层。 在其他实施例中，衬底包括基本平坦的，阶梯式的或连续的过渡表面，并且液体层形成在表面上。 喷墨处理至少部分地基于显示设备被设计为显示的图像来提供用于在显示设备中的吸收体和反射器之间的干涉间隙的光学填充物或间隔物。

公开(公告)号：US07580176B2

公开(公告)日：2009-08-25

申请号：US12041618

申请日：2008-03-03

Applicant: William J Cummings ,  Brian Gally ,  Manish Kothari

Inventor： William J Cummings ,  Brian Gally ,  Manish Kothari

IPC: G02B26/00 ,  H01L21/00

CPC classification number: G09G3/006 ,  G02B26/001 ,  G09G3/3466

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and systems for testing the electrical characteristics of reflective displays, including interferometric modulator displays. In one embodiment, a controlled voltage is applied to conductive leads in the display and the resulting current is measured. The voltage may be controlled so as to ensure that interferometric modulators do not actuate during the resistance measurements. Also disclosed are methods for conditioning interferometric modulator display by applying a voltage waveform that causes actuation of interferometric modulators in the display.

Abstract translation: 本文公开了用于测试反射显示器的电气特性的方法和系统，包括干涉式调制器显示器。 在一个实施例中，将受控电压施加到显示器中的导电引线，并且测量所得到的电流。 可以控制电压以确保在电阻测量期间干涉式调制器不起动。 还公开了通过施加使显示器中的干涉式调制器致动的电压波形来调节干涉式调制器显示的方法。

公开(公告)号：US07580172B2

公开(公告)日：2009-08-25

申请号：US11540485

申请日：2006-09-29

Applicant: Alan G. Lewis ,  Manish Kothari ,  John Batey ,  Teruo Sasagawa ,  Ming-Hau Tung ,  Gregory D. U'Ren ,  Stephen Zee

Inventor： Alan G. Lewis ,  Manish Kothari ,  John Batey ,  Teruo Sasagawa ,  Ming-Hau Tung ,  Gregory D. U'Ren ,  Stephen Zee

IPC: G02F1/03 ,  G02B26/00

CPC classification number: B81B7/0006 ,  B81B7/007 ,  B81B2201/047 ,  G02B26/001 ,  H02N1/006

Abstract: A microelectromechanical systems device having an electrical interconnect between circuitry outside the device and at least one of an electrode and a movable layer within the device. At least a portion of the electrical interconnect is formed from the same material as a conductive layer between the electrode and a mechanical layer of the device. In an embodiment, this conductive layer is a sacrificial layer that is subsequently removed to form a cavity between the electrode and the movable layer. The sacrificial layer is preferably formed of molybdenum, doped silicon, tungsten, or titanium. According to another embodiment, the conductive layer is a movable reflective layer that preferably comprises aluminum.

Abstract translation: 一种微机电系统装置，其具有在所述装置外部的电路和所述装置内的电极和可移动​​层中的至少一个之间的电互连。 电互连的至少一部分由与电极和器件的机械层之间的导电层相同的材料形成。 在一个实施例中，该导电层是牺牲层，其随后被去除以在电极和可移动​​层之间形成空腔。 牺牲层优选由钼，掺杂硅，钨或钛形成。 根据另一实施例，导电层是优选包括铝的可移动反射层。

公开(公告)号：US20090126777A1

公开(公告)日：2009-05-21

申请号：US12271694

申请日：2008-11-14

Applicant: Kasra Khazeni ,  Manish Kothari

Inventor： Kasra Khazeni ,  Manish Kothari

IPC: H01L31/0232 ,  G02B27/10 ,  G09G3/32

CPC classification number: G02B26/001 ,  G02B6/0038 ,  G09G3/20 ,  G09G3/3466 ,  G09G2330/023 ,  H01L31/052 ,  H01L31/0547 ,  Y02E10/52

Abstract: In various embodiments described herein, a display device comprising a light collection film and a photovoltaic device disposed on an edge of the collection film. The collection film has a plurality of light-turning features for redirecting light between the front and back surface of the collection film and the photovoltaic device. In some embodiments, a light source is also disposed on an edge of the collection film and emits light which is turned by the light-turning features toward the display.

Abstract translation: 在本文描述的各种实施例中，显示装置包括集光膜和设置在收集膜的边缘上的光伏器件。 收集膜具有多个用于在收集膜的前表面和后表面之间重新定向光的光转向特征和光伏器件。 在一些实施例中，光源也设置在收集膜的边缘上并且发射由转向光特征朝向显示器转动的光。

公开(公告)号：US07534640B2

公开(公告)日：2009-05-19

申请号：US11491047

申请日：2006-07-21

Applicant: Teruo Sasagawa ,  Clarence Chui ,  Manish Kothari ,  SuryaPrakash Ganti ,  Jeffrey B. Sampsell

Inventor： Teruo Sasagawa ,  Clarence Chui ,  Manish Kothari ,  SuryaPrakash Ganti ,  Jeffrey B. Sampsell

IPC: H01L21/00 ,  H01L29/82

CPC classification number: G02B26/0841 ,  B81B2201/042 ,  B81B2203/0307 ,  B81C1/00595 ,  B81C2201/0136 ,  G02B6/3584 ,  G02B26/001

Abstract: A microelectromechanical systems device having support structures formed of sacrificial material that is selectively diffused with a dopant material or formed of a selectively oxidized metal sacrificial material. The microelectromechanical systems device includes a substrate having an electrode formed thereon. Another electrode is separated from the first electrode by a cavity and forms a movable layer, which is supported by support structures formed of a diffused or oxidized sacrificial material.

Abstract translation: 具有由牺牲材料形成的支撑结构的微机电系统装置，该牺牲材料选择性地用掺杂剂材料扩散或由选择性氧化的金属牺牲材料形成。 微机电系统装置包括其上形成有电极的基板。 另一电极通过空腔与第一电极分离，并形成可移动层，其由由扩散或氧化的牺牲材料形成的支撑结构支撑。

公开(公告)号：US20090103165A1

公开(公告)日：2009-04-23

申请号：US12254782

申请日：2008-10-20

Applicant: Manish Kothari ,  Kasra Khazeni

Inventor： Manish Kothari ,  Kasra Khazeni

IPC: G02F1/21 ,  G02F1/01 ,  H01L31/00

CPC classification number: G02B26/0841 ,  G02B26/001 ,  G02F1/13306 ,  G02F1/133512 ,  G02F2001/13324 ,  H01L31/043 ,  Y02E10/50 ,  Y10T29/49002

Abstract: A display with patterned photovoltaic (PV) material integrated on the front side and/or back side of the display is disclosed. Light may reach PV material situated behind a display through fully or partially transmissive features or gaps within the display. Display-generated light may also reach PV material behind a display. A patterned PV material situated in front of a display may collect both ambient light as well as display-generated light.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种具有集成在显示器的前侧和/或后侧上的图案化光伏（PV）材料的显示器。 光可以通过显示器内的完全或部分透射的特征或间隙而到达显示器后面的PV材料。 显示器生成的光线也可能到达显示器后面的光伏材料。 位于显示器前面的图案化PV材料可以收集环境光以及显示器产生的光。

公开(公告)号：US20090101192A1

公开(公告)日：2009-04-23

申请号：US11966850

申请日：2007-12-28

Applicant: Manish Kothari ,  Gang Xu ,  Kasra Khazeni

Inventor： Manish Kothari ,  Gang Xu ,  Kasra Khazeni

IPC: H01L31/0264 ,  H01L31/052 ,  H01L31/18 ,  H01L31/20 ,  H01L31/0376

CPC classification number: G02B26/001 ,  G02B5/285 ,  H01L31/02165 ,  H01L31/02168 ,  H01L31/0543 ,  H01L31/0547 ,  Y02E10/52

Abstract: Color photovoltaic (PV) devices formed using interferometric stacks tuned to reflect color covering the front side or back side of a PV cell, device, panel, or array are disclosed. Interferometric stacks covering PV devices include interferometric modulators (IMODs), or dichroic pair stacks. Such devices can be configured to reflect enough light of select wavelengths so as to impart a color, while transmitting enough light to the PV active material so as to generate useful electricity.

Abstract translation: 公开了使用调谐以反映覆盖PV电池，设备，面板或阵列的前侧或后侧的颜色的干涉式叠层形成的彩色光伏（PV）装置。 覆盖PV器件的干涉叠层包括干涉式调制器（IMOD）或二向色对叠层。 这样的装置可以被配置为反射足够的选择波长的光以便赋予颜色，同时向PV活性材料传输足够的光以产生有用的电。

公开(公告)号：US20090078316A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-26

申请号：US11949699

申请日：2007-12-03

Applicant: Kasra Khazeni ,  Manish Kothari ,  Gang Xu

Inventor： Kasra Khazeni ,  Manish Kothari ,  Gang Xu

IPC: H01L31/0232

CPC classification number: H01L31/18 ,  G02B5/284 ,  H01L31/02165 ,  H01L31/02167 ,  H01L31/02325 ,  H01L31/0322 ,  H01L31/0336 ,  H01L31/056 ,  Y02E10/52 ,  Y02E10/541 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: Certain embodiments include interferometrically tuned photovoltaic cells wherein reflection from interfaces of layered photovoltaic devices coherently sum to produce an increased field in an active region of the photovoltaic cell where optical energy is converted into electrical energy. Such interferometrically tuned or interferometric photovoltaic devices (iPV) increase the absorption of optical energy in the active region of the interferometric photovoltaic cell and thereby increase the efficiency of the device. In various embodiments, one or more optical resonant cavities and/or optical resonant layers is included in the photovoltaic device to increase the electric field concentration and the absorption in the active region.

Abstract translation: 某些实施例包括干涉式调谐的光伏电池，其中来自分层光伏器件的界面的反射相干地相加以在光能转换成电能的光伏电池的有源区域中产生增加的场。 这种干涉式调谐或干涉光伏器件（iPV）增加了干涉光伏电池的有源区域中光能的吸收，从而提高了器件的效率。 在各种实施例中，在光伏器件中包括一个或多个光学谐振腔和/或光学谐振层，以增加有源区域中的电场浓度和吸收。

公开(公告)号：US20090073540A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-19

申请号：US12207270

申请日：2008-09-09

Applicant: Manish Kothari ,  Gaurav Sethi ,  Jonathan Charles Griffiths ,  Kasra Khazeni

Inventor： Manish Kothari ,  Gaurav Sethi ,  Jonathan Charles Griffiths ,  Kasra Khazeni

IPC: G02B26/00

CPC classification number: G02B26/001 ,  G02B5/286

Abstract: In certain embodiments, a device is provided that utilizes both interferometrically reflected light and transmitted light. Light incident on the device is interferometrically reflected from a plurality of layers of the device to emit light in a first direction, the interferometrically reflected light having a first color. Light from a light source is transmitted through the plurality of layers of the device to emit from the device in the first direction, the transmitted light having a second color.

Abstract translation: 在某些实施例中，提供利用干涉反射光和透射光两者的装置。 入射到设备上的光被从设备的多个层被干涉地反射，以沿第一方向发光，该干涉反射光具有第一颜色。 来自光源的光通过装置的多个层透射从第一方向从装置发射，透射光具有第二颜色。

公开(公告)号：US20080262549A1

公开(公告)日：2008-10-23

申请号：US12106049

申请日：2008-04-18

Applicant: Ian Bennett ,  Colin Cahill ,  Todd Alamin ,  Louis Fielding ,  Hugues Malandain ,  Manish Kothari

Inventor： Ian Bennett ,  Colin Cahill ,  Todd Alamin ,  Louis Fielding ,  Hugues Malandain ,  Manish Kothari

IPC: A61B17/70 ,  A61B19/00

CPC classification number: A61B17/7062 ,  A61B17/82 ,  A61B17/842 ,  A61B2090/064

Abstract: An exemplary method for constraining spinous processes to elastically limit flexion of a spinal segment comprises piercing an interspinous ligament to form a first penetration above an upper side of an upper spinous process and advancing a first end of a first tether through the first penetration. The interspinous ligament is pierced again to form a second penetration below a lower side of a lower spinous process and a second end of a second tether is advanced through the second penetration. Joining the first and second tethers together forms an extensible tether structure coupling the upper and lower spinous processes together while permitting extension therebetween. Adjusting the tether structure sets relative distance or angle between the upper and lower spinous processes to a target value.

Abstract translation: 用于约束棘突以弹性限制脊椎节段弯曲的示例性方法包括刺穿棘突间韧带以在上棘突的上侧上方形成第一穿刺，并且使第一系绳的第一端推进穿过第一穿刺。 再次刺穿椎间韧带以在下棘突的下侧形成第二穿刺，并且第二系绳的第二端穿过第二穿刺。 将第一和第二系绳连接在一起形成将上棘和下棘共同连接在一起的可延伸系链结构，同时允许它们之间延伸。 调整系绳结构将上棘和下棘之间的相对距离或角度设置为目标值。