公开(公告)号：US07586094B2

公开(公告)日：2009-09-08

申请号：US11929525

申请日：2007-10-30

Applicant: Xiang Liu ,  Xin Zhou ,  Alfred Feitisch ,  Gregory M. Sanger

Inventor： Xiang Liu ,  Xin Zhou ,  Alfred Feitisch ,  Gregory M. Sanger

IPC: G01J5/02

CPC classification number: G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/274 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N21/39 ,  G01N2201/1215

Abstract: Concentrations of a target analyte in a gas mixture containing one or more background analytes having potentially interfering spectral absorption features can be calculated by compensating for background analyte absorption at a target wavelength used to quantify the target analyte. Absorption can be measured at a reference wavelength chosen to quantify the concentration of the background analyte. Using a background gas adjustment factor or function, the absorption measured at the reference wavelength can be used to calculate absorption due to the background analyte at the target wavelength and thereby compensate for this background absorption to more accurately calculate the target analyte concentration in real or near real time. Additional background analytes can optionally be compensated for by using one or more additional reference wavelengths.

Abstract translation: 含有具有潜在干扰光谱吸收特征的一种或多种背景分析物的气体混合物中的目标分析物的浓度可以通过补偿用于量化目标分析物的目标波长的背景分析物吸收来计算。 可以在选择的参考波长处测量吸光度，以量化背景分析物的浓度。 使用背景气体调节因子或功能，可以使用在参考波长处测量的吸收来计算由于目标波长的背景分析物引起的吸收，从而补偿该背景吸收，以更精确地计算实际或近似的目标分析物浓度 即时的。 可以通过使用一个或多个另外的参考波长来可选地补偿附加的背景分析物。

公开(公告)号：US20090045342A1

公开(公告)日：2009-02-19

申请号：US12140175

申请日：2008-06-16

Applicant: Bernhard B. Sterling ,  W. Dale Hall ,  Kenneth G. Witte ,  Mark Wechsler ,  Peng Zheng ,  Richard Keenan

Inventor： Bernhard B. Sterling ,  W. Dale Hall ,  Kenneth G. Witte ,  Mark Wechsler ,  Peng Zheng ,  Richard Keenan

IPC: G01J5/02

CPC classification number: G01N21/274 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/14535 ,  A61B5/14546 ,  A61B5/1459 ,  A61B5/1495 ,  A61B2560/0223 ,  A61M5/14212 ,  A61M2230/20 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N35/00693 ,  G01N35/00712 ,  G01N2201/1215 ,  G01N2201/127

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described that permit an analyte concentration to be estimated from a measurement in the presence of compounds that interfere with the measurement. The method reduces the error in the analyte concentration in the presence of interferents. The method includes the use of a set of measurements obtained for a large population having a range of known analyte and interfering compound concentrations. From a sample measurement, which may or may not be one of the population, likely present interferents are identified, and a calibration vector is calculated.

Abstract translation: 描述了允许在干扰测量的化合物存在下从测量估计分析物浓度的方法和装置。 该方法减少了在存在干扰物的情况下分析物浓度的误差。 该方法包括使用对具有已知分析物范围和干扰化合物浓度的大群体获得的一组测量。 从可能或可能不是其中一个群体的样本测量中，可能存在干扰物被识别，并且计算校准向量。

公开(公告)号：US06954702B2

公开(公告)日：2005-10-11

申请号：US10781382

申请日：2004-02-18

Applicant: Anthony T. Pierry ,  David R. Rich

Inventor： Anthony T. Pierry ,  David R. Rich

IPC: A61B5/083 ,  G01N21/01 ,  G01N21/05 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N33/497 ,  G01N33/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/087 ,  A61B5/0205 ,  A61B5/083 ,  A61B2562/226 ,  G01N21/05 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N33/497 ,  G01N2021/0118 ,  G01N2021/0193 ,  G01N2201/1215

Abstract: A method and apparatus for interfacing a plurality of gas measurement systems, including a mainstream and a sidestream gas measurement system, to a host system via an interface unit. The present invention also pertains to a sidestream gas measurement system that output signals emulating the signals output by a mainstream gas measurement system or portion thereof, so that the sidestream gas measurement system can seamlessly communicate with a host system configured to communicate only a mainstream gas measurement system or a portion thereof.

Abstract translation: 一种用于经由接口单元将多个气体测量系统（包括主流和侧流气体测量系统）连接到主机系统的方法和装置。 本发明还涉及一种侧流气体测量系统，其输出仿真由主流气体测量系统或其一部分输出的信号的信号，使得侧流气体测量系统可与主系统无缝地通信，该主机系统仅配置为仅传送主流气体测量 系统或其一部分。

公开(公告)号：USRE36474E

公开(公告)日：1999-12-28

申请号：US778809

申请日：1997-01-03

Applicant: Edward W. Stark

Inventor： Edward W. Stark

IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G06F17/00 ,  G06F17/10 ,  A61B5/00 ,  G06G7/48 ,  G06F15/42

CPC classification number: G06F17/10 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01J2003/2843 ,  G01N2201/1215

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the determination of spectral samples is disclosed wherein spectral measurements are taken, normalization of the spectral measurements takes place, and a bilinear modeling is performed to extract spectral data. Once this data is derived, the interference quantitization levels are determined using multiple linear regression analysis, and are then removed from the sample readings in order to determine a more precise level of analyte spectra, such as analyte levels of glucose in serum or whole blood.

公开(公告)号：US5512757A

公开(公告)日：1996-04-30

申请号：US863830

申请日：1992-04-06

Applicant: Carl N. Cederstrand ,  Sharam M. Salimian ,  Rolf W. Siemon

Inventor： Carl N. Cederstrand ,  Sharam M. Salimian ,  Rolf W. Siemon

IPC: G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/33

CPC classification number: G01N21/33 ,  G01N2021/3166 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N2201/1215

Abstract: The photometer of the present invention includes an optical system in which an emission beam generated by pulsed ultra violet radiation from a source is split into a sample beam and a reference interference beam by spectrally selective mirrors arranged in series. These mirrors reflect a beam having a wavelength range corresponding to an absorption wavelength of the gas to be detected onto one solid state detector and to pass a beam to a second spectrally selective mirror where a beam having second range of wave lengths corresponding to an interfering gas is reflected onto a second solid state detector. This second beam serves to measure the interfering gas and also as an imperfect reference channel. In a preferred embodiment the radiation from the source is split prior to entering the sample cell. One beam is directed through an optical path which avoids the sample cell but which is otherwise identical to the optical path described above, including series arranged spectrally selective mirrors to be further split the beam into two beams having wavelength ranges corresponding to the wavelength ranges of the sample and reference gases. These beams are directed to solid state detectors and the signals derived therefrom are combined with a second set of similar signals derived from the sample and reference beams which have passed through the sample cell.

Abstract translation: 本发明的光度计包括光学系统，其中通过由串联布置的光谱选择性反射镜将来自源的脉冲紫外线辐射产生的发射光束分成采样光束和参考干涉光束。 这些反射镜将具有对应于待检测气体的吸收波长的波长范围的光束反射到一个固态检测器上，并将光束传递到第二光谱选择镜，其中具有对应于干扰气体的第二波长范围的光束 被反射到第二固态检测器上。 该第二光束用于测量干扰气体，也用作不完美的参考通道。 在优选实施例中，来自源的辐射在进入样品池之前被分离。 一个光束被引导通过避免采样单元的光路，否则与上述光路相同，包括串联布置的光谱选择镜，以进一步将光束分成两束，其波长范围对应于 样品和参比气体。 这些光束被引导到固态检测器，并且从其获得的信号与从已经通过样品池的样品和参考光束导出的第二组相似信号组合。

公开(公告)号：US4801805A

公开(公告)日：1989-01-31

申请号：US87171

申请日：1987-08-19

Applicant: James W. Butler ,  Paul D. Maker ,  Thomas J. Korniski ,  Alex D. Colvin

Inventor： James W. Butler ,  Paul D. Maker ,  Thomas J. Korniski ,  Alex D. Colvin

IPC: G01J3/45 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01N1/28 ,  G01N1/38 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N33/00 ,  G01N21/37

CPC classification number: G01N33/0016 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01N1/38 ,  G01N2001/383 ,  G01N2001/388 ,  G01N2021/3595 ,  G01N2201/1215

Abstract: A method is disclosed of making an on-line gas analysis of a multicomponent gas emission flow by (a) continuously sequestering a sample flow from the gas emission flow, which sample flow has been filtered to substantially eliminate solid or liquid particles, diluted to lower its dew point to below room temperature, and changed in either temperature and/or pressure to be substantially the same in temperature and pressure as that of gases used to create reference transmission frequency spectral data deployed in step (d); (b) continuously irradiating the sample flow with an electromagnetic radiation beam while modulating the amplitude of infrared frequencies in the audio frequency range of the beam, either prior to or immediately subsequent to irradiation of the sample flow, to produce electromagnetic signals having discernible amplitude variations resulting from spectral interference patterns; (c) detecting and collecting the signals at a sufficiently high rate to substantially completely distinguish between adjacent spectral pattern amplitude peaks without mutual spectral interference and to permit analysis of the signals in real time; and (d) analyzing the signals in real time by (i) mathematically manipulating the signals in accordance with Beer's Law to create reformed background-corrected data, and (ii) applying reference transmission frequency spectral data to the reformed data for each suspected gaseous component to give a linear quantitative measure of the presence of each and every suspected gas component in the gas emission flow.

公开(公告)号：US4560873A

公开(公告)日：1985-12-24

申请号：US505201

申请日：1983-06-17

Applicant: Gerald F. McGowan ,  Gerald W. Price ,  Carl E. Polhemus ,  Ronald L. Ketchum

Inventor： Gerald F. McGowan ,  Gerald W. Price ,  Carl E. Polhemus ,  Ronald L. Ketchum

IPC: G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/53 ,  G01N21/85

CPC classification number: G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/8507 ,  G01N2021/3129 ,  G01N2021/536 ,  G01N2021/8571 ,  G01N2201/1215

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed to accurately measure and analyze multiple component interfering gases which coexist in the stack gas effluent generated from a combustion process which utilizes a non-dispersive, narrowband infrared absorption technique. The apparatus includes a probe in the stack with an optical measurement cavity (34) through which the stack gases are passed. A transceiver (14) mounted to the probe includes an optical portion operatively associated with the measurement cavity including a chopped light source (54), (60), (62) for projecting beams of light into the measurement cavity and a detector (86) for detecting the attenuation of the gases to provide a measure of the extent of absorption of each gas of interest. A control unit, preferably remote from the transceiver, preferably a programmed digital computer, and preferably via a J-box (18) converts the electric outputs to a corresponding % modulation and in turn corrects for temperature, pressure and interference between gases. The results may be displayed on a front panel (174) or used, for example, to maximize efficiency in a combustion process.

Abstract translation: 公开了准确地测量和分析由利用非分散窄带红外吸收技术的燃烧过程产生的烟道气体流出物中共存的多组分干扰气体的装置。 该装置包括具有光学测量空腔（34）的堆叠中的探针，堆叠气体通过该测量空腔通过。 安装到探头的收发器（14）包括与测量腔可操作地相关联的光学部分，包括用于将光束投射到测量腔中的斩波光源（54），（60），（62） 用于检测气体的衰减以提供感兴趣的每种气体的吸收程度的量度。 优选地远离收发器的控制单元优选地是编程的数字计算机，并且优选地经由J盒（18）将电输出转换成相应的％调制，并且进而校正气体之间的温度，压力和干扰。 结果可以显示在前面板（174）上，或者例如用于使燃烧过程中的效率最大化。

公开(公告)号：US4272248A

公开(公告)日：1981-06-09

申请号：US107109

申请日：1979-12-26

Applicant: Radhakrishna M. Neti

Inventor： Radhakrishna M. Neti

IPC: G01N21/64

CPC classification number: G01N21/64 ,  G01N2201/1215 ,  Y10T436/186 ,  Y10T436/25125

Abstract: In a sulfur dioxide fluorescence analyzer, a method and apparatus for eliminating the fluorescence effects of nitric oxide is disclosed wherein a sample gas is mixed with a diluent which substantially quenches nitric oxide fluorescence.

Abstract translation: 在二氧化硫荧光分析仪中，公开了一种用于消除一氧化氮的荧光效应的方法和装置，其中将样品气体与基本上淬灭一氧化氮荧光的稀释剂混合。

公开(公告)号：US4205913A

公开(公告)日：1980-06-03

申请号：US917797

申请日：1978-06-22

Applicant: Wolfgang Ehrfeld ,  Gunther Krieg

Inventor： Wolfgang Ehrfeld ,  Gunther Krieg

IPC: G01J3/427 ,  G01N21/01 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/61 ,  G01N21/24

CPC classification number: G01N21/3504 ,  G01N2201/1215

Abstract: For determining the partial pressure and concentration of a measuring gas which is in mixture with at least one additional gas according to an optical absorption technique, in which a beam of light having a predetermined intensity and alternatingly and cyclically having a first spectral distribution in which the light intensity will be reduced by passage through the measuring gas and a second spectral distribution in which the light intensity will not be reduced by passage through the measuring gas, is passed through such a mixture and its radiation intensity after passage through the mixture is measured in a radiation detector having an active element which is heated by the radiation and which produces an output representative of its degree of heating and composed of alternating measuring signal segments, resulting, respectively, from light having the first and the second spectral distribution, and adjacent signals segments are processed in order to compensate for various interference effects, the detector output is delivered to an input amplifier having a large signal to noise ratio, and signal inaccuracies due to superimposition of each signal segment portion produced by heating of the active element on a component representing the cooling behavior which the element would experience after the preceding heating period if further heating did not occur are compensated by integrating, in an integration member, successive portions of the detector output with respect to an integration base which has a fixed value relative to the detector output value corresponding to a constant active element temperature.

Abstract translation: 为了确定与根据光学吸收技术与至少一种附加气体混合的测量气体的分压和浓度，其中具有预定强度并交替且循环地具有第一光谱分布的光束，其中 通过测量气体的光强度将被降低，而通过测量气体不会减小光强度的第二光谱分布通过这种混合物，并且在通过混合物之后测量其辐射强度 具有有源元件的放射线检测器，该有源元件被辐射加热并且产生表示其加热程度的输出并由交替的测量信号段组成，分别由具有第一和第二光谱分布的光以及相邻信号 处理段以便补偿各种干扰 检测器输出被传送到具有大的信噪比的输入放大器，以及由于通过加热有源元件而产生的每个信号段部分叠加在表示该元件将经历的冷却行为的部件上的信号不准确 如果进一步加热没有发生，则前一个加热周期通过在积分元件中积分检测器输出相对于积分基座的连续部分来补偿，该积分基座相对于对应于恒定有效元件温度的检测器输出值具有固定值 。

公开(公告)号：US3979589A

公开(公告)日：1976-09-07

申请号：US563709

申请日：1975-03-31

Applicant: Stanley R. Sternberg ,  James E. Young ,  John W. Lennington

Inventor： Stanley R. Sternberg ,  James E. Young ,  John W. Lennington

IPC: G01D18/00 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N33/00

CPC classification number: G01D18/00 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N33/0027 ,  G01N2201/1215

Abstract: A dual path analyzer and a single path analyzer are disclosed, each for determining the concentration of one or more gaseous components in a mixture of gases. The preferred analyzer is a single path instrument which includes a source of infrared energy, a detector for the energy, a sample cell for the gas mixture positioned between the source and detector, and a filter wheel having a plurality of filters and a source blocking device positioned between the sample cell and detector for sequentially interposing the filters and the source blocking device between the source and the detector. Means are provided for amplifying the output signal of the detector and for processing the signal to provide a direct readout display which indicates the concentration of the gaseous components being analyzed. The processing electronics preferably include provision for calibrating the analyzer with clean ambient air, for compensating for background levels of radiation, and for correcting the displayed output signal for the effects of absorption band interferences between two or more gases in the gas mixture. The structure of the dual path analyzer includes a source of infrared energy, a detector for the energy, a sample cell for the gas mixture, a cell for a reference gas, and optical path means between the source and detector for sequentially directing the source energy through the sample cell, the reference cell, and through neither cell. Processing electronics similar to the single path instrument can be incorporated to compensate for background radiation and absorption band interferences.

Abstract translation: 公开了双路径分析器和​​单路径分析器，每个用于确定气体混合物中的一种或多种气体组分的浓度。 优选的分析仪是包括红外能量源的单路仪器，用于能量的检测器，用于位于源和检测器之间的气体混合物的样品池，以及具有多个过滤器和源阻挡装置的滤光轮 位于样品池和检测器之间，用于顺序地将滤色器和源阻挡装置插入在源和检测器之间。 提供了用于放大检测器的输出信号并且用于处理信号以提供指示正在分析的气体组分的浓度的直接读出显示的装置。 处理电子器件优选地包括用于用干净的环境空气校准分析器的装置，用于补偿辐射的背景水平，以及用于校正所显示的输出信号以获得气体混合物中两种或更多种气体之间的吸收带干扰的影响。 双路径分析仪的结构包括红外能量源，能量检测器，用于气体混合物的样品池，用于参考气体的池，以及源和检测器之间的光路装置，用于顺序地引导源能量 通过样品池，参比细胞，以及两个细胞。 可以结合类似于单路仪器的处理电子线来补偿背景辐射和吸收带干扰。