Abstract:
The invention includes an XRF analyzer with reduced x-ray attenuation between sample and target and between sample and detector. Attenuation can be reduced by removing atmospheric-air paths through which the x-rays must travel. Reduced x-ray attenuation can allow for easier detection of low-atomic-number elements. Cost saving can be achieved by reducing the number of x-ray windows.
Abstract:
Polarizing optical devices described herein, and polarizing optical devices resulting from methods described herein, can be small and can have high heat tolerance. Wires of wire grid polarizers can be attached directly to prisms of the polarizing optical devices, allowing for small size. Multiple polarizing optical devices can be attached by adhesive-free bonding techniques, allowing high heat tolerance.
Abstract:
An XRF analyzer can include an x-ray source and an x-ray detector; an x-ray source heat-sink adjacent a side of the x-ray source; and an x-ray detector heat-sink adjacent a side of the x-ray detector. In one embodiment, the x-ray source heat-sink can be separated from the x-ray detector heat sink by a material having a thermal conductivity of less than 20 W/(m*K). In another embodiment, the x-ray source heat-sink can be separated from the x-ray detector heat sink by at least 3 millimeters of a thermally insulating material. In one embodiment, the x-ray source heat-sink can be separated from the x-ray detector heat sink by a segment of the engine component casing. Separation of the heat sinks can help avoid heat from the x-ray source adversely affecting resolution of the x-ray detector.
Abstract:
An extractive system, such as SPME, has an adsorptive phase in the form of a porous coating that has essentially vertical, mutually supporting, columnar structures with nanospaces at the boundaries of the grains.
Abstract:
A wire grid polarizer (WGP) can include a heat-dissipation layer. The heat-dissipation layer can enable the WGP to be able to endure high temperatures. The heat-dissipation layer can be located (a) over an array of wires and farther from a transparent substrate than the array of wires; or (b) between the array of wires and the transparent substrate. The heat-dissipation layer can be a continuous layer. The heat-dissipation layer can have a high electrical resistivity and a high coefficient of thermal conductivity.
Abstract:
An optical device can be used for circularly polarizing light and/or removing reflected light from an optical system (optical isolation). The optical device can have a polarizing-cube including a pair of prisms and a polarizer. Each prism can have two ends linked by an inner face and two outer faces. The prisms can be attached together at the inner face of each with the polarizer sandwiched between the prisms. Fresnel rhomb(s) can be attached to outer face(s) of the prisms.
Abstract:
An embedded, inverse wire-grid polarizer (WGP) includes ribs 13 located over a surface of a transparent substrate 11, gaps 16 between the ribs 13, and a fill-layer 15 substantially filling the gaps 16. The fill-layer has a relatively high index of refraction, such as greater than 1.4. At a wavelength of light incident upon the WGP, E∥ transmission can be greater than E⊥ transmission. E⊥ is a polarization of light with an electric field oscillation parallel to a length L of the ribs, and E⊥ is a polarization of light with an electric field oscillation perpendicular to a length L of the ribs. This embedded, inverse WGP is especially useful for polarizing, with high WGP performance, small wavelength (high-energy) regions of the electromagnetic spectrum (e.g. UV) which are difficult to polarize with conventional WGPs (E⊥ transmission>E∥ transmission).
Abstract:
An x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis system 10 can include an XRF analyzer 20 which can communicate wirelessly with other devices. The system 10 can also include remote-processor software configured to be loaded onto a handheld electronic device 23 and/or remote-computer software configured to be loaded onto a remote-computer 28. The XRF analyzer 20 can include a microphone 18 and/or an output device 31 to allow a user 19 to communicate conveniently with the XRF analyzer 20.
Abstract:
The invention includes various electronic devices for avoiding or minimizing XRF analyzer user fatigue. In one embodiment, the XRF analyzer can include a finger sensor for activating an XRF analysis. In another embodiment, the XRF analyzer can include a finger tap switch for activating the XRF analysis. In another embodiment, the XRF analyzer can include a microphone for activating the XRF analysis by receipt of a verbal command. Additional benefits of some embodiments include improving XRF analysis safety and avoiding XRF analyzer theft.
Abstract:
A wire grid polarizer (WGP) can have a conformal-coating to protect the WGP from oxidation and/or corrosion. The conformal-coating can include a barrier layer with at least one: of aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, silicon carbide, hafnium oxide, and zirconium oxide. A method of making a WGP can include applying the barrier layer over ribs of a WGP by vapor deposition.