摘要:
A chemical sensor includes a thin film transistor with a gate positioned on one side. An insulating layer is positioned on the opposite side and an indicator film is positioned on the insulating layer in generally opposed relationship to the gate. Induced charge in the indicator film caused by a biological or chemical species changes the channel current in the transistor. A potential on the gate is then used to null out the resulting change in channel current. The potential used to null out the current change is an extremely sensitive measure of the induced charge.
摘要:
A target molecule at a binding site is detected using an optical waveguide having a surface proximate to the binding site, and a waveguide detector coupled to the optical waveguide. An incident light beam is applied to the binding site along an axis transverse to the surface of the optical waveguide. The incident light beam impinges an optical indicator associated with the target molecule to form secondary light which is coupled into the optical waveguide. The secondary light is detected by the waveguide detector to thereby detect the target molecule.
摘要:
A surface emitting light emitting device with a semiconducting substrate, a semiconducting mirror stack positioned on the substrate surface, a spacer layer positioned on the mirror stack, an active region positioned on the spacer layer, a second spacer layer positioned on the active region, a second semiconducting mirror stack positioned on the second spacer layer, and a top contact layer positioned in contact with the second semiconducting mirror stack. The active region includes multiple quantum wells each having a different transition wavelength and positioned on the spacer layer with the quantum well possessing the longest transition wavelength located closest to the spacer layer and additional quantum wells of the multiple quantum wells positioned in order of decreasing transition wavelength so that the sum of the emission from all of the quantum wells results in a broad and uniform output emission spectrum.
摘要:
An article and method for manufacturing an optical reading head (400,500) including an optically transparent substrate (100) with a first surface (103) and a second surface (116), wherein the first surface (103) and the second surface (116) are .joined at an angle. Depositing a plurality of layers having an upper portion (114), a middle portion 111, 112, 113), and a lower portion (101) that are optically active on the first and second surfaces (103, 116) of the optically transparent substrate (100). Forming light emitting devices (406, 407) in the plurality of layers on the second surface (116), thereby generating light emitting devices (406, 407) on the angle in the plurality of layers on the second surface (116). Positioning a detection device (402) in a normal plane to the first surface (103).
摘要:
A top-emitting vertical cavity surface emitting laser with a current blocking layer at the substrate and offset layers in the mirror stack providing an optical waveguide aligned to the injected current distribution.
摘要:
An inverted drive optical interconnect link including an optical transmitter module designed to change input bits of logical value one to output bits of logical value zero and vice-versa, an optical receiver module designed to change input bits of logical value zero to output bits of logical value one and vice-versa, and an optical waveguide connected to the transmitter module and to the receiver module so that electrical signals input to the transmitter module are faithfully reproduced at an electrical output of the receiver module.
摘要:
An article and method for manufacturing an optical reading head (400,500) including an optically transparent substrate (100) with a first surface (103) and a second surface (116), wherein the first surface (103) and the second surface (116) are joined at an angle. Depositing a plurality of layers having an upper portion (114), a middle portion (111, 112, 113), and a lower portion (101) that are optically active on the first and second surfaces (103, 116) of the optically transparent substrate (100). Forming light emitting devices (406, 407) in the plurality of layers on the second surface (116), thereby generating light emitting devices (406, 407) on the angle in the plurality of layers of the second surface (116). Positioning a detection device (402) in a normal plane to the first surface (103).
摘要:
A VCSEL including a first mirror stack, an active region and a second mirror stack positioned on a substrate having a surface lying in a first plane and a centrally located offset area of the surface lying in a second plane parallel to the first plane and spaced therefrom. Portions of the active region and the first and second mirror stacks being offset from surrounding portions by the offset area in the surface of the substrate so as to define a lateral waveguide which confines the operating region of the VCSEL.
摘要:
A thin transition layer (13) is employed to provide alignment between an electron wave function (29) and a hole wave function (37) of an optical modulator (10) for a wide range of applied voltage values that are less than a predetermined value. Over this range of voltages, the modulator (10) is in an off state and substantially absorbs incident light (19). For applied voltages in excess of the predetermined value, the electron (29) and hole wave (37) function alignment is diminished thereby allowing light (19) to be transmitted through the modulator (10).
摘要:
A vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL), comprised of a first 1/4 wave stack, an active layer and a second 1/4 wave stack, is integrated with a heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT). The HBT is partially or fully positioned within either the first or the second 1/4 wave stack of the VCSEL. This method improves the planarity of the device, thus allowing for high performance devices to be fabricated. A top or bottom emitting device may be fabricated with the second 1/4 wave stack comprised of dielectric layers or semiconductor epitaxial layers.