公开(公告)号：US10564056B2

公开(公告)日：2020-02-18

申请号：US16104580

申请日：2018-08-17

Applicant: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION

Inventor： Arthur W. Ellis ,  Richard A. Haight ,  James B. Hannon ,  Rudolf M. Tromp

IPC: G01B11/16 ,  G01L1/24

Abstract: A force detector and method for using the same includes a lens. A cantilever is disposed below the movable lens. A laser is disposed above the movable lens and is configured to emit a beam of light that reflects from a surface of the lens and the cantilever. A processor is configured to determine a force between the movable lens and the cantilever based on a change in phase in images produced by the light reflected from the spherical surface and the light reflected from the cantilever.

公开(公告)号：US20190305169A1

公开(公告)日：2019-10-03

申请号：US16438205

申请日：2019-06-11

Applicant: International Business Machines Corporation

Inventor： Priscilla D. Antunez ,  Arthur W. Ellis ,  Richard A. Haight ,  James B. Hannon ,  Satoshi Oida

IPC: H01L31/0725 ,  H01L31/18 ,  H01L31/0352 ,  H01L31/032

Abstract: Photovoltaic structures having multiple absorber layers separated by a diffusion barrier are provided. In one aspect, a method of forming an absorber on a substrate includes: depositing a first layer of light absorbing material on the substrate; depositing a diffusion barrier; depositing a second layer of light absorbing material on the diffusion barrier, wherein the first layer of light absorbing material has a different band gap from the second layer of light absorbing material; and annealing the absorber, wherein the diffusion barrier prevents diffusion of elements between the first layer of light absorbing material and the second layer of light absorbing material during the annealing. A solar cell and method for formation thereof are also provided.

公开(公告)号：US10330457B2

公开(公告)日：2019-06-25

申请号：US16110344

申请日：2018-08-23

Applicant: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION

Inventor： Richard A. Haight ,  James B. Hannon ,  Rudolf M. Tromp

IPC: G01B11/02 ,  G01B9/02 ,  G01B11/14 ,  G03F7/20 ,  G01B11/06

Abstract: Methods and systems for measuring a distance include measuring a first interference pattern between a lens and a target surface using a light source at a first wavelength. A second interference pattern is measured between the lens and the target surface using a light source at a second wavelength, different from the first wavelength. An absolute measurement of a distance between the lens and the target surface is determined based on the first interference pattern and the second interference pattern.

公开(公告)号：US20190157490A1

公开(公告)日：2019-05-23

申请号：US16235148

申请日：2018-12-28

Applicant: International Business Machines Corporation

Inventor： Priscilla D. Antunez ,  Talia S. Gershon ,  Richard A. Haight ,  Teodor K. Todorov

IPC: H01L31/0749 ,  H01L31/032 ,  H01B1/06 ,  H01L31/02 ,  C09D11/52 ,  H01L31/18

Abstract: Silver-containing absorbers for photovoltaic devices and techniques for fabrication thereof are provided. In one aspect, a method of forming an ink includes: mixing a silver halide and a solvent to form a first solution; mixing a metal, sulfur, and the solvent to form a second solution; combining the first solution and the second solution to form a precursor solution; and adding constituent components for an absorber material to the precursor solution to form the ink. Methods of forming an absorber film, a photovoltaic device, and the resulting photovoltaic device are also provided.

公开(公告)号：US10270258B2

公开(公告)日：2019-04-23

申请号：US15299612

申请日：2016-10-21

Applicant: International Business Machines Corporation

Inventor： Talia S. Gershon ,  Richard A. Haight ,  James B. Hannon ,  Teodor K. Todorov

IPC: H02J3/38 ,  H02S40/38 ,  H05K1/18 ,  H01L27/142 ,  H01L31/18 ,  H02J3/46 ,  H01L31/053 ,  H02J7/35 ,  H02J7/34

Abstract: Aspects relate to a system and a method of manufacturing an integrated device. The method includes providing a circuit board, configuring an upper surface of the circuit board as a substrate, integrally depositing photovoltaic device layers that include at least a semi-conductor absorber layer, a buffer layer, and a top electrode layer on the upper surface of the circuit board to form a photovoltaic device using the upper surface of the circuit board as a photovoltaic device substrate, wherein the buffer layer is integrally deposited between the semi-conductor absorber layer and the top electrode, and electrically connecting the photovoltaic device to one or more on-board electronic components.

公开(公告)号：US10032949B2

公开(公告)日：2018-07-24

申请号：US14936131

申请日：2015-11-09

Applicant: International Business Machines Corporation

Inventor： Talia S. Gershon ,  Supratik Guha ,  Oki Gunawan ,  Richard A. Haight ,  Yun Seog Lee

IPC: H01L31/18 ,  H01L31/072 ,  H01L31/032 ,  H01L21/02 ,  H01L31/0392 ,  H01L31/07

Abstract: Photovoltaic devices based on an Ag2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (AZTSSe) absorber and techniques for formation thereof are provided. In one aspect, a method for forming a photovoltaic device includes the steps of: coating a substrate with a conductive layer; contacting the substrate with an Ag source, a Zn source, a Sn source, and at least one of a S source and a Se source under conditions sufficient to form an absorber layer on the conductive layer having Ag, Zn, Sn, and at least one of S and Se; and annealing the absorber layer. Methods of doping the AZTSSe are provided. A photovoltaic device is also provided.

公开(公告)号：US20180097473A1

公开(公告)日：2018-04-05

申请号：US15281870

申请日：2016-09-30

Applicant: International Business Machines Corporation

Inventor： Priscilla D. Antunez ,  Richard A. Haight ,  James B. Hannon ,  Teodor K. Todorov

IPC: H02S40/38 ,  H01L31/072 ,  H01L31/0216 ,  H01L31/18 ,  H01L31/032 ,  H01L31/0224 ,  H02S40/36 ,  H01M10/0525 ,  H01M10/46

CPC classification number: H02S40/38 ,  H01L31/022441 ,  H01L31/022466 ,  H01L31/0326 ,  H01L31/048 ,  H01L31/072 ,  H01L31/186 ,  H01L31/1868 ,  H01L31/1876 ,  H01L31/1884 ,  H01M10/052 ,  H01M10/0562 ,  H01M10/465 ,  H01M2300/0071 ,  H02S40/36 ,  Y02E60/122

Abstract: An integrated kesterite (e.g., CZT(S,Se)) photovoltaic device and battery is provided. In one aspect, a method of forming an integrated photovoltaic device and battery includes: forming a photovoltaic device having a substrate, an electrically conductive layer, an absorber layer, a buffer layer, a transparent front contact, and a metal grid; removing the substrate and the electrically conductive layer from the photovoltaic device to expose a backside surface of the absorber layer; forming at least one back contact on the backside surface of the absorber layer; and integrating the photovoltaic device with a battery, wherein the integrating includes connecting i) a positive contact of the battery with the back contact on the backside surface of the absorber layer and ii) a negative contact of the battery with the metal grid on the transparent front contact. An integrated photovoltaic device and battery is also provided.

公开(公告)号：US20170278995A1

公开(公告)日：2017-09-28

申请号：US15586406

申请日：2017-05-04

Applicant: International Business Machines Corporation

Inventor： Richard A. Haight

IPC: H01L31/055 ,  H01L31/02 ,  H01L31/0224

CPC classification number: H01L31/02013 ,  H01L31/02 ,  H01L31/02168 ,  H01L31/022475 ,  H01L31/022483 ,  H01L31/0322 ,  H01L31/0326 ,  H01L31/055 ,  H01L31/072 ,  H01L31/0749 ,  Y02E10/52 ,  Y02E10/541

Abstract: A method of fabricating a color tunable thin film photovoltaic device includes depositing a layer of a semiconducting compound configured to exhibit a photovoltaic effect, and depositing a buffer layer over the layer of the semiconducting compound. Depositing transparent conducting oxides (TCO) over the buffer layer is followed by selecting two or more layers of optically transparent materials such that constructive interference among wavelengths reflected by the buffer layer, the TCO, and the two or more layers results in a desired exhibited color and depositing the two or more layers of the optically transparent materials above the TCO.

公开(公告)号：US09716195B2

公开(公告)日：2017-07-25

申请号：US14747954

申请日：2015-06-23

Applicant: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION

Inventor： Talia S. Gershon ,  Richard A. Haight ,  Jeehwan Kim ,  Yun Seog Lee

IPC: H01L31/0236 ,  H01L31/036 ,  H01L31/18 ,  H01L31/20

CPC classification number: H01L31/02366 ,  H01L31/02363 ,  H01L31/035281 ,  H01L31/036 ,  H01L31/03921 ,  H01L31/0747 ,  H01L31/1804 ,  H01L31/1864 ,  H01L31/208 ,  Y02E10/50

Abstract: A method for texturing silicon includes loading a silicon wafer into a vacuum chamber, heating the silicon wafer and thermal cracking a gas to generate cracked sulfur species. The silicon wafer is exposed to the cracked sulfur species for a time duration in accordance with a texture characteristic needed for a surface of the silicon wafer.

公开(公告)号：US20170179725A1

公开(公告)日：2017-06-22

申请号：US15299631

申请日：2016-10-21

Applicant: International Business Machines Corporation

Inventor： Talia S. Gershon ,  Richard A. Haight ,  James B. Hannon ,  Teodor K. Todorov

IPC: H02J3/38 ,  H05K1/18 ,  H02J3/46 ,  H02S40/38 ,  H01L27/142

CPC classification number: H02J3/383 ,  H01L27/142 ,  H01L31/053 ,  H01L31/186 ,  H02J3/46 ,  H02J7/345 ,  H02J7/35 ,  H02S40/38 ,  H05K1/181 ,  H05K1/183 ,  H05K2201/10143 ,  Y02E10/566 ,  Y02P70/611

Abstract: Aspects relate to a system and a method of operating an integrated device is provided. The method includes providing a circuit board that includes one or more on-board electronic components and an upper surface configured as a substrate, providing photovoltaic device layers that include at least a semi-conductor absorber layer, a buffer layer, and a top electrode layer on the upper surface of the circuit board that form a photovoltaic device using the upper surface of the circuit board as a photovoltaic device substrate, wherein the buffer layer is integrally deposited between the semi-conductor absorber layer and the top electrode, generating electricity using the photovoltaic device, and powering one or more of the on-board electronic components using the electricity from the photovoltaic device.