摘要:
A battery pack is charged while being cooled by passing forced air therethrough. During charging, battery temperature and air temperature of air exhausted from the battery modules by the forced air cooling process are measured, and the difference between the battery temperature and the air temperature is calculated. The difference is added to an amount of change of the battery temperature per unit time to obtain a rate of change of battery temperature. When the rate of change exceeds a predetermined value, charging of the battery pack is controlled. In this manner, the battery temperature rise is correctly detected so that the battery pack can be fully charged without being damaged.
摘要:
An optical disk apparatus includes a photodetector divided into eight segments which receive the laser beam reflected from the optical disk and produce signals based on the laser beam sport thereon. In this apparatus, these eight segments are combined in several patterns for the recorded information reproduction, the tracking error detection, and the focus error detection, respectively. For the recorded information reproduction, eight segments are used as combined in three segment cells RC1, RC2, and RC3 which extend in a direction parallel to each other such that the segment cell RC1 is in center and is sandwitched by other segment cell RC2 and RC3. The segment cells RC1, RC2, and RC3 are located perpendicular to the recording track of the optical disk and produce three signals C, R, and L indicative of the laser beam intensity of the laser beam spot thereon, respectively. Thus obtained signals C is multiplied by a constant K and then added to the other signals R and L. By selecting suitable value as the constant K, the crosstalk component in the reproduced signal can be reduced.
摘要:
A damper device including first and second support members, one of which is fixed to a support element and the other of which is fixed to a suspended element, an elastic block made of a deformable, elastic material for elastically coupling the two support members and a sealed space formed therein filled with a liquid. One partition member has its periphery fixed to the first support member and divides the sealed space into two chambers. The partition member has therein a member movable along a short distance. Fluid passages are formed in a wall portion of the first support member so as to communicate between the two chambers and to impart flow resistance to the liquid flowing therethrough. The partition member can be suspended to the first support member by an elastic sheet and be movable along the axial direction of the first support member. A solenoid is mounted on the inner wall of the first support member. When the solenoid is energized, the partition member can be fixed to the first support member. When the damper device is used in an engine suspension of a vehicle with vibrations of high frequency and small magnitude of vibration, relative movement of the first and second support members is damped by displacement of the movable member of the partition member. With low-frequency vibrations, vibrations having a relatively large magnitude are damped by the flow resistance of the liquid flowing through the fluid passages. When the engine is in the idling mode, the solenoid is deenergized, and the partition member is kept movable.
摘要:
A data communication system between a plurality of data terminals comprises of a terminal apparatus to which a plurality of data terminals are coupled in a star structure through pair lines. The terminal apparatus has a plurality of cable driver circuits and a plurality of cable receiver circuits each coupled with a related data terminal through said pair lines, and outputs of cable receivers and inputs of cable drivers are coupled commonly to a single common line. Thus, data from a data terminal is transmitted to another data terminal through a terminal apparatus. A communication control apparatus is installed close to a data terminal. The communication control apparatus has a data terminal transmit data only when other terminals do not transmit data in order to prevent collision of data in the terminal apparatus. The use of pair lines between data terminals and the common terminal apparatus, the simple structure of the terminal apparatus which has only cable drivers and cable receivers coupled together, and a collision control performed in a communication control apparatus which is positioned close to a data terminal are features of the present invention.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus for forming a toner image on a print medium with a developer composed of toner and carriers, wherein when the first distance is longer than the second distance, an average gap between the first peripheral surface and a member that faces to the first peripheral surface in an area with a length of the first distance extending upstream from the closest point with respect to the specified direction is smaller than an average gap between the first peripheral surface and a member that faces to the first peripheral surface in an area with a length of the first distance extending downstream from the closest point with respect to the specified direction.
摘要:
A ferrite magnet powder is represented by the composition formula AFe2+a(1-x)MaxFe3+bO27, wherein A represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Sr, Ba, and Pb; and M represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Zn, Co, Mn, and Ni, and wherein 0.05≦x≦0.80, 1.5≦a≦2.2, and 12≦b≦17. A high saturation magnetization 4πIs can be achieved by the partial substitution of the Fe2+ site of a W-type ferrite with an element M such as Zn within a certain range.
摘要:
A sintered ferrite magnet having a ferrite phase with a hexagonal structure as the main phase, wherein the composition of the metal elements composing the main phase is represented by the following general formula (1): RxCamA1−x−m(Fe12−yMy)z: (1), x, m, y and z in formula (1) satisfying all of the conditions represented by the following formulas (2)-(6): 0.2≦x≦0.5: (2) 0.13≦m≦0.41: (3) 0.7x−m≦0.15: (4) 0.18≦yz≦0.31: (5) 9.6≦12z≦11.8: (6), and wherein the density of the sintered ferrite magnet is at least 5.05 g/cm3, and the crystal grains of the sintered ferrite magnet satisfy all of the conditions represented by the following formulas (7) and (8), where L μm is the average for the maximum value and S μm is the average for the minimum value among the diameters passing through the center of gravity of each grains in the crystal cross-section parallel to the c-axis direction of hexagonal structures. L≦0.95: (7) 1.8≦L/S≦2.5: (8)
摘要翻译:具有六方结构的铁素体相作为主相的烧结铁氧体磁体,其中构成主相的金属元素的组成由以下通式(1)表示:RxCamAl-xm(Fe12-yMy)z:( 1),式(1)中的x,m,y和z满足由下式(2) - (6)表示的所有条件:0.2 0.13 0.7x-m0.15:(4)0.18 9.6 <= 12z 并且其中烧结铁氧体磁体的密度为至少5.05g / cm 3,并且烧结铁氧体磁体的晶粒满足由下式(7)和(8)表示的所有条件,其中L mum是平均值 对于最大值,S mum是在与六边形结构的c轴方向平行的晶体截面中通过每个晶粒的重心的直径中的最小值的平均值。 L 1.8L / S
摘要:
A ferrite magnetic material comprising a main phase of W-type is provided which has magnetic properties improved through the optimization of additives. The ferrite magnetic material comprises a main constituent having a compound represented by composition formula AFe2+aFe3+bO27 (wherein A comprises at least one element selected from Sr, Ba and Pb; 1.5≦a≦2.1; and 12.9≦b≦16.3), a first additive containing a Ca constituent (0.3 to 3.0 wt % in terms of CaCO3) and/or a Si constituent (0.2 to 1.4 wt % in terms of SiO2), and a second additive containing at least one of an Al constituent (0.01 to 1.5 wt % in terms of Al2O3), a W constituent (0.01 to 0.6 wt % in terms of WO3), a Ce constituent (0.001 to 0.6 wt % in terms of CeO2), a Mo constituent (0.001 to 0.16 wt % in terms of MoO3), and a Ga constituent (0.001 to 15 wt % in terms of Ga2O3).
摘要翻译:提供了包括W型主相的铁氧体磁性材料,其通过优化添加剂而具有改进的磁性能。 铁氧体磁性材料包括具有由组成式AFe2 + aFe3 + bO27表示的化合物的主要成分(其中A包含选自Sr,Ba和Pb中的至少一种元素; 1.5 <= a <= 2.1;和12.9 <= b < = 16.3),含有Ca成分(按CaCO3计为0.3〜3.0重量%)和/或Si成分(以SiO 2换算为0.2〜1.4重量%)的第一添加剂,以及含有至少一种 Al成分(Al 2 O 3为0.01〜1.5重量%),W成分(WO 3为0.01〜0.6重量%),Ce成分(CeO 2为0.001〜0.6重量%),Mo成分(0.001〜 0.16重量%的MoO 3)和Ga成分(按Ga 2 O 3换算为0.001〜15重量%)。
摘要:
W-type ferrite has improved magnetic properties, in particular, coercive force. A high coercive force (HcJ) and a high residual magnetic flux density (Br) can be simultaneously attained by a ferrite magnetic material comprising an oxide having a composition wherein metal elements Sr, Ba and Fe in total have a composition ratio represented by the formula Sr(1−x)BaxFe2+aFe3+b in which 0.03≦x≦0.80, 1.1≦a≦2.4, and 12.3≦b≦16.1. The ferrite magnetic material can form any of a ferrite sintered magnet, a ferrite magnet powder, a bonded magnet as a ferrite magnet powder dispersed in a resin, and a magnetic recording medium as a film-type magnetic phase. As for the ferrite sintered magnet, there can be attained a fine sintered structure that has a mean grain size of 0.6 μm or less.
摘要翻译:W型铁氧体具有改善的磁特性,特别是矫顽力。 可以通过包含具有以下成分的氧化物的铁氧体磁性材料同时获得高矫顽力(HcJ)和高剩余磁通密度(Br),其中金属元素Sr,Ba和Fe总计具有由式 Sr 1(1-x)Ba x Fe 2+ + 3 Fe 3+ 其中0.03 <= x <= 0.80,1.1 <= a <= 2.4和12.3 <= b <= 16.1。 铁氧体磁性材料可以形成铁氧体烧结磁体,铁氧体磁体粉末,作为分散在树脂中的铁氧体磁铁粉末的粘结磁体和作为膜型磁性相的磁记录介质中的任何一种。 对于铁氧体烧结磁体,可以获得平均粒径为0.6μm以下的微细烧结体。
摘要:
A ferrite magnetic material comprising a main phase of W-type is provided which has magnetic properties improved through the optimization of additives. The ferrite magnetic material comprises a main constituent having a compound represented by composition formula AFe2+aFe3+bO27 (wherein A comprises at least one element selected from Sr, Ba and Pb; 1.5≦a≦2.1; and 12.9≦b≦16.3), a first additive containing a Ca constituent (0.3 to 3.0 wt % in terms of CaCO3) and/or a Si constituent (0.2 to 1.4 wt % in terms of SiO2), and a second additive containing at least one of an Al constituent (0.01 to 1.5 wt % in terms of Al2O3), a W constituent (0.01 to 0.6 wt % in terms of WO3), a Ce constituent (0.001 to 0.6 wt % in terms of CeO2), a Mo constituent (0.001 to 0.16 wt % in terms of MoO3), and a Ga constituent (0.001 to 15 wt % in terms of Ga2O3).
摘要翻译:提供了包括W型主相的铁氧体磁性材料,其通过优化添加剂而具有改进的磁性能。 铁氧体磁性材料包括具有由组成式AFe 2 +和/或Fe 3+组成的化合物的主要成分 (其中A包含选自Sr,Ba和Pb中的至少一种元素; 1.5 <= a <= 2.1;和12.9 <= b <= 16.3),含有Ca 成分(以CaCO 3 3计为0.3〜3.0重量%)和/或Si成分(以SiO 2 2计为0.2〜1.4重量%),第二添加剂 含有Al成分中的至少一种(按Al 2 O 3 3计算为0.01〜1.5重量%),W成分(按WO排列为0.01〜0.6重量% 3成分),Ce成分(按CeO 2计算为0.001〜0.6重量%),Mo成分(按MoO 3计为0.001〜0.16重量% )和Ga成分(按Ga 2 O 3 3换算为0.001〜15重量%)。