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    FLEXIBLE CONDUCTING POLYMER ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE
    31.
    发明申请
    FLEXIBLE CONDUCTING POLYMER ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE 有权
    柔性导体聚合物能量储存装置

    公开(公告)号：US20130155579A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-06-20

    申请号：US13764991

    申请日：2013-02-12

    Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

    Inventor： Ian W. Hunter ,  Eli Travis Paster

    IPC: H01G11/48

    CPC classification number: H01G11/48 ,  H01G9/0029 ,  H01G9/058 ,  H01G9/22 ,  H01G11/02 ,  H01G11/78 ,  H01G11/80 ,  H01G11/84 ,  Y02E60/13 ,  Y02T10/7022

    Abstract: Electrochemical redox supercapacitor. The supercapacitor includes two thin films of electrically conducting polymer separated by an ion-permeable membrane and including an electrolyte disposed between the two thin films. Electrical contacts are disposed on outer surfaces of the two thin films. The supercapacitor is flexible and may be rolled, folded on itself, or kept substantially flat. A suitable conducting polymer is polypyrrole. In another aspect, the invention is a method for making a redox supercapacitor.

    Abstract translation: 电化学氧化还原超级电容器。 超级电容器包括由离子可渗透膜分离并包括设置在两个薄膜之间的电解质的两层导电聚合物薄膜。 电触头设置在两个薄膜的外表面上。 超级电容器是柔性的并且可以滚动，自身折叠或保持基本平坦。 合适的导电聚合物是聚吡咯。 另一方面，本发明是制备氧化还原超级电容器的方法。

    Compositions comprising a plurality of discrete nanostructures and related articles and methods
    32.
    发明授权
    Compositions comprising a plurality of discrete nanostructures and related articles and methods 有权

    公开(公告)号：US11091369B2

    公开(公告)日：2021-08-17

    申请号：US16401563

    申请日：2019-05-02

    Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Inventor： Ian W. Hunter ,  Timothy M. Swager ,  Intak Jeon ,  Gee Hoon Park ,  Pan Wang

    IPC: C01B32/194 ,  C10M103/02 ,  C10M105/64 ,  C10M111/02 ,  C01B32/198 ,  C10N50/08

    Abstract: Embodiments described herein generally relate to compositions including discrete nanostructures (e.g., nanostructures including a functionalized graphene layer and a core species bound to the functionalized graphene layer), and related articles and methods. A composition may have a coefficient of friction of less than or equal to 0.02. Discrete nanostructures may have a substantially non-planar configuration. A core species may reversibly covalently bind a first portion of a functionalized graphene layer to a second portion of the functionalized graphene layer. Articles, e.g., articles including a plurality of discrete nanostructures and a means for depositing the plurality of discrete nanostructures on a surface, are also provided. Methods (e.g., methods of forming a layer) are also provided, including depositing a composition onto a substrate surface and/or applying a mechanical force to the composition, e.g., such that the composition exhibits a coefficient of friction of less than or equal to 0.02.

    Nonlinear system identification techniques and devices for discovering dynamic and static tissue properties
    36.
    发明授权
    Nonlinear system identification techniques and devices for discovering dynamic and static tissue properties 有权
    用于发现动态和静态组织性质的非线性系统识别技术和装置

    公开(公告)号：US09517030B2

    公开(公告)日：2016-12-13

    申请号：US14310744

    申请日：2014-06-20

    Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Inventor： Ian W. Hunter ,  Yi Chen

    IPC: A61B5/00 ,  A01G7/00 ,  G01N3/24 ,  G01N3/40 ,  A61B9/00

    CPC classification number: A61B5/103 ,  A01G7/00 ,  A61B5/0048 ,  A61B5/0053 ,  A61B5/0055 ,  A61B5/0057 ,  A61B5/442 ,  A61B5/6824 ,  A61B9/00 ,  G01N3/24 ,  G01N3/40 ,  G01N2203/0069 ,  G01N2203/0218 ,  G01N2203/0246 ,  G01N2203/0278

    Abstract: A device for measuring a mechanical property of a tissue includes a probe configured to perturb the tissue with movement relative to a surface of the tissue, an actuator coupled to the probe to move the probe, a detector configured to measure a response of the tissue to the perturbation, and a controller coupled to the actuator and the detector. The controller drives the actuator using a stochastic sequence and determines the mechanical property of the tissue using the measured response received from the detector. The probe can be coupled to the tissue surface. The device can include a reference surface configured to contact the tissue surface. The probe may include a set of interchangeable heads, the set including a head for lateral movement of the probe and a head for perpendicular movement of the probe. The perturbation can include extension of the tissue with the probe or sliding the probe across the tissue surface and may also include indentation of the tissue with the probe. In some embodiments, the actuator includes a Lorentz force linear actuator. The mechanical property may be determined using non-linear stochastic system identification. The mechanical property may be indicative of, for example, tissue compliance and tissue elasticity. The device can further include a handle for manual application of the probe to the surface of the tissue and may include an accelerometer detecting an orientation of the probe. The device can be used to test skin tissue of an animal, plant tissue, such as fruit and vegetables, or any other biological tissue.

    Abstract translation: 用于测量组织的机械特性的装置包括配置成相对于组织表面移动来干扰组织的探针，耦合到探针以移动探针的致动器，被配置成测量组织的响应的检测器 扰动和耦合到致动器和检测器的控制器。 控制器使用随机序列驱动致动器，并使用从检测器接收的测量响应来确定组织的机械特性。 探针可以耦合到组织表面。 该装置可以包括构造成接触组织表面的参考表面。 探针可以包括一组可互换的头部，该组件包括用于探针的横向运动的头部和用于探针的垂直运动的头部。 扰动可以包括用探针延伸组织或者将探针滑过组织表面，还可以包括用探针的组织​​的凹陷。 在一些实施例中，致动器包括洛伦兹力线性致动器。 可以使用非线性随机系统识别来确定机械特性。 机械性能可以指示例如组织依从性和组织弹性。 该装置还可以包括用于将探针手动施加到组织表面的手柄，并且可以包括检测探针取向的加速度计。 该装置可用于测试动物，植物组织如水果和蔬菜或任何其他生物组织的皮肤组织。

    Automated method for simultaneous bubble detection and expulsion
    37.
    发明授权
    Automated method for simultaneous bubble detection and expulsion 有权
    用于同时气泡检测和排出的自动方法

    公开(公告)号：US09486589B2

    公开(公告)日：2016-11-08

    申请号：US14528771

    申请日：2014-10-30

    Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Inventor： Ian W. Hunter ,  Ashin P. Modak

    IPC: A61M5/36 ,  A61M5/31 ,  A61M5/168 ,  G01B21/16 ,  G01F17/00 ,  G01P3/02 ,  A61M5/14

    CPC classification number: A61M5/36 ,  A61M5/16859 ,  A61M5/3146 ,  A61M2005/1402 ,  A61M2005/3123 ,  A61M2205/332 ,  G01B21/16 ,  G01F17/00 ,  G01P3/02 ,  Y10T137/0324 ,  Y10T137/2931

    Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting and removing air from a syringe containing a volume of liquid and a volume of gas is described. The method includes moving a piston in the syringe to expel gas through an orifice of the syringe, sensing a movement of the piston in the syringe, and determining when the volume of gas is expelled from the syringe based on a change in the sensed movement. Moving the piston may include applying oscillating force to the piston using an electromagnetic actuator, and displacement and speed of the piston during each oscillation may be sensed. Determining when the volume of gas is expelled may be based on a change in the sensed movement of the piston during one or more oscillations of the piston or based on a comparison to a given reference value.

    Abstract translation: 描述了一种从含有液体体积和气体体积的注射器检测和去除空气的方法和装置。 该方法包括移动注射器中的活塞以通过注射器的孔排出气体，感测活塞在注射器中的运动，以及基于感测到的运动的变化确定何时将体积的气体从注射器排出。 移动活塞可以包括使用电磁致动器向活塞施加振荡力，并且可以感测在每次振荡期间活塞的位移和速度。 确定何时排出气体的时间可以基于在活塞的一个或多个振荡期间感测到的活塞的移动或基于与给定参考值的比较的变化。

    Methods, apparatus, and system for mass spectrometry
    38.
    发明授权
    Methods, apparatus, and system for mass spectrometry 有权
    方法，仪器和质谱系统

    公开(公告)号：US09312117B2

    公开(公告)日：2016-04-12

    申请号：US14268599

    申请日：2014-05-02

    Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Inventor： Ian W. Hunter ,  Brian Hemond ,  Harold F. Hemond

    IPC: H01J49/04 ,  H01J49/22 ,  H01J49/30 ,  H01J49/00 ,  H01J49/14 ,  H01J49/02 ,  H01J49/24

    CPC classification number: H01J49/30 ,  H01J49/0013 ,  H01J49/0031 ,  H01J49/022 ,  H01J49/147 ,  H01J49/24

    Abstract: A miniature, low cost mass spectrometer capable of unit resolution over a mass range of 10 to 50 AMU. The mass spectrometer incorporates several features that enhance the performance of the design over comparable instruments. An efficient ion source enables relatively low power consumption without sacrificing measurement resolution. Variable geometry mechanical filters allow for variable resolution. An onboard ion pump removes the need for an external pumping source. A magnet and magnetic yoke produce magnetic field regions with different flux densities to run the ion pump and a magnetic sector mass analyzer. An onboard digital controller and power conversion circuit inside the vacuum chamber allows a large degree of flexibility over the operation of the mass spectrometer while eliminating the need for high-voltage electrical feedthroughs. The miniature mass spectrometer senses fractions of a percentage of inlet gas and returns mass spectra data to a computer.

    Abstract translation: 一种小型，低成本的质谱仪，能够在10至50 AMU的质量范围内进行单位分辨率。 质谱仪结合了几个功能，可以提高设计的性能，而不是可比较的仪器。 高效的离子源能够在不牺牲测量分辨率的情况下实现相对较低的功耗。 可变几何机械滤镜允许可变分辨率。 机载离子泵不需要外部泵浦源。 磁轭和磁轭产生具有不同磁通密度的磁场区域以运行离子泵和磁性扇区质量分析器。 真空室内的数字控制器和电源转换电路允许在质谱仪的操作上具有很大的灵活性，同时不需要高压电气馈通。 微型质谱仪感测入口气体百分比的分数，并将质谱数据返回到计算机。

    Controlled needle-free transport
    39.
    发明授权
    Controlled needle-free transport 有权
    受控无针运输

    公开(公告)号：US08992466B2

    公开(公告)日：2015-03-31

    申请号：US13708303

    申请日：2012-12-07

    Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Inventor： Ian W. Hunter ,  Andrew J. Taberner ,  Brian D. Hemond ,  Dawn M. Wendell ,  Nora Catherine Hogan ,  Nathan B. Ball

    IPC: A61M5/30 ,  A61B17/20 ,  A61M5/19

    CPC classification number: H02K41/02 ,  A61B17/20 ,  A61B17/205 ,  A61D7/00 ,  A61M5/19 ,  A61M5/30 ,  A61M2205/50 ,  A61M2205/6009 ,  A61M2205/825 ,  A61M2250/00

    Abstract: A needle-free transdermal transport device for transferring a substance across a surface of a biological body includes a reservoir for storing the substance, a nozzle in fluid communication with the reservoir and a controllable electromagnetic actuator in communication with the reservoir. The actuator, referred to as a Lorentz force actuator, includes a stationary magnet assembly and a moving coil assembly. The coil assembly moves a piston having an end portion positioned within the reservoir. The actuator receives an electrical input and generates in response a corresponding force acting on the piston and causing a needle-free transfer of the substance between the reservoir and the biological body. The magnitude, direction and duration of the force are dynamically controlled (e.g., servo-controlled) by the electrical input and can be altered during the course of an actuation cycle. Beneficially, the actuator can be moved in different directions according to the electrical input.

    Abstract translation: 用于将物质转移到生物体的表面上的无针透皮传送装置包括用于储存物质的储存器，与储存器流体连通的喷嘴和与储存器连通的可控电磁致动器。 称为洛伦兹力致动器的致动器包括固定磁体组件和动圈组件。 线圈组件移动具有位于储存器内的端部的活塞。 致动器接收电输入并且响应于相应的力产生作用在活塞上的相应的力并导致物质在储存器和生物体之间的无针转移。 力的大小，方向和持续时间由电输入动态控制（例如，伺服控制），并且可以在致动循环的过程中改变。 有利地，致动器可以根据电气输入沿不同方向移动。

    CONTROLLED NEEDLE-FREE TRANSPORT
    40.
    发明申请
    CONTROLLED NEEDLE-FREE TRANSPORT 有权
    控制无需运输

    公开(公告)号：US20130102957A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-04-25

    申请号：US13708303

    申请日：2012-12-07

    Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Inventor： Ian W. Hunter ,  Andrew J. Taberner ,  Brian D. Hemond ,  Dawn M. Wendell ,  Nora Catherine Hogan ,  Nathan B. Ball

    IPC: A61M5/30

    CPC classification number: H02K41/02 ,  A61B17/20 ,  A61B17/205 ,  A61D7/00 ,  A61M5/19 ,  A61M5/30 ,  A61M2205/50 ,  A61M2205/6009 ,  A61M2205/825 ,  A61M2250/00

    Abstract: A needle-free transdermal transport device for transferring a substance across a surface of a biological body includes a reservoir for storing the substance, a nozzle in fluid communication with the reservoir and a controllable electromagnetic actuator in communication with the reservoir. The actuator, referred to as a Lorentz force actuator, includes a stationary magnet assembly and a moving coil assembly. The coil assembly moves a piston having an end portion positioned within the reservoir. The actuator receives an electrical input and generates in response a corresponding force acting on the piston and causing a needle-free transfer of the substance between the reservoir and the biological body. The magnitude, direction and duration of the force are dynamically controlled (e.g., servo-controlled) by the electrical input and can be altered during the course of an actuation cycle. Beneficially, the actuator can be moved in different directions according to the electrical input.

    Abstract translation: 用于将物质转移到生物体的表面上的无针透皮传送装置包括用于储存物质的储存器，与储存器流体连通的喷嘴和与储存器连通的可控电磁致动器。 称为洛伦兹力致动器的致动器包括固定磁体组件和移动线圈组件。 线圈组件移动具有位于储存器内的端部的活塞。 致动器接收电输入并且响应于相应的力产生作用在活塞上的相应的力并导致物质在储存器和生物体之间的无针转移。 力的大小，方向和持续时间由电输入动态控制（例如，伺服控制），并且可以在致动循环的过程中改变。 有利地，致动器可以根据电气输入沿不同方向移动。

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