摘要:
A class of compounds that inhibit Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is disclosed, along with compositions containing the compound, and methods of using the composition for treating individuals infected with HCV.
摘要:
Compounds having formula I: where A1, A2, L, V, W, R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are as described herein, compositions thereof, and their use for the treatment or prevention of type 2 diabetes and type 2 diabetes-related conditions are provided herein.
摘要:
Compounds, compositions and methods are provided that are useful in the treatment or prevention of conditions or disorders associated with a neuropeptide receptor. The subject methods are particularly useful in the treatment and/or prevention of endocrine, metabolic, cardiovascular, neurologic, psychiatric, gastrointestinal, genitourinary and other disorders.
摘要:
Compounds useful in the treatment and/or prevention of a condition or disorder mediated by a G-protein coupled receptor are provided that have the formula: wherein A and B are CR′; V is either a bond and W is —N(R″)—, or else V is —N(R″)— and W is a bond; Z is —N(R)—CH2—; R1, R2, R3, R4, R′, R″, and R are as defined herein; the subscript n is an integer from 0 to 8; and is a benzene ring. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of using these compounds for the treatment and/or prevention of eating disorders, obesity, anxiety disorders and mood disorders, are also provided.
摘要:
An apparatus is described for detecting the presence of a gaseous chemical produced during a chemical-mechanical polishing operation. The apparatus includes a catalytic converter, a reaction chamber and a light sensor. The catalytic converter, heated to about 800° C. converts the chemical to a different chemical product. The reaction chamber produces an excited species; the pressure in the reaction chamber is maintained sufficiently low to substantially avoid collisional deactivation of the excited species, so as to permit real-time detection of the chemical. A light signal from the excited species is input to the light sensor. An output from the light sensor corresponds to the real-time detection of the chemical, thereby permitting real-time control of the chemical-mechanical polishing operation.
摘要:
Detection of the endpoint for removal of a target film overlying a stopping film by removing the target film with a process that selectively generates a chemical reaction product (for example ammonia when polishing a wafer with a nitride film in a slurry containing KOH) with one of the stopping film and the target film, converting the chemical reaction product to a separate product, producing excited molecules from the separate product, and monitoring the level of light emitted from the excited molecules as the target film is removed.
摘要:
In a chemical mechanical planarization assembly directed for the removal of oxide layers, which stop on films containing silicon nitride, a conventional polishing table is provided with a gas extraction unit which transmits a gas sample to an infrared spectrometer. The presence of ammonia in the slurry, which is generated when a stop layer containing silicon nitride is abraded under high pH conditions, can be detected using infrared spectroscopy and accordingly provides for an in situ endpoint detection method.