摘要:
Some embodiments of the inventive subject matter are directed to a first circuit board configured to include an electronic component. The electronic component includes a plurality of leads. The first circuit board includes first wires configured to connect to a first portion of the plurality of leads. The second circuit board is affixed to the first circuit board. The second circuit board includes second wires. The second circuit board is smaller in size than the first circuit board. A plurality of electrical connectors extend through a thickness of the first circuit board and are configured to connect a second portion of the plurality of leads to the second wires.
摘要:
An integrated processor design includes physical interface macros supporting heterogeneous electrical properties. The processor design comprises a plurality of processing cores and a plurality of physical interfaces to connect to a memory interface, a peripheral component interconnect express (PCI Express or PCIe) interface for input/output, an Ethernet interface for network communication, and/or a serial attached SCSI (SAS) interface for storage.
摘要:
A memory device including a memory array storing data, a variable delay controller, a passive variable delay circuit and an output driver. The variable delay controller periodically receives delay commands from a first source external to the memory device during operation of the memory device, and outputs delay instruction bits responsive to the received delay commands. The passive variable delay circuit receives a clock from a second source external to the memory device, receives the delay instruction bits from the variable delay controller, generates a delayed clock having a time relation to the received clock as determined by the delay instruction bits, and outputting the delayed clock. The output driver receives the data from the memory array and the delayed clock, and outputs the data at a time responsive to the delayed clock.
摘要:
An integrated processor design includes physical interface macros supporting heterogeneous electrical properties. The processor design comprises a plurality of processing cores and a plurality of physical interfaces to connect to a memory interface, a peripheral component interconnect express (PCI Express or PCIe) interface for input/output, an Ethernet interface for network communication, and/or a serial attached SCSI (SAS) interface for storage. Each physical interface may be programmatically connected to a selected interface controller, such as a memory controller, a PCI Express controller, or an Ethernet controller, for example. A plurality of such controllers may be connected to a switch within the processor design, with the switch also being connected to each physical interface macro. Thus, the physical interface macros may be programmatically connected to a subset of the plurality of controllers.
摘要:
A system for providing open-loop quadrature clock generation. The system is implemented by a ring oscillator structure that includes input inverters for receiving an input clock, forward direction loop inverters, backward direction loop inverters, one or more outputs, and cross-coupled latches connected between any two opposite nodes.
摘要:
Memory systems are disclosed that include a memory controller and an outbound link with the memory controller connected to the outbound link. The outbound link typically includes a number of conductive pathways that conduct memory signals from the memory controller to memory buffer devices in a first memory layer; and at least two memory buffer devices in a first memory layer. Each memory buffer device in the first memory layer typically is connected to the outbound link to receive memory signals from the memory controller.
摘要:
Multimodal memory controllers are disclosed that include: a transmitter having a first input signal line, a second input signal line, a first output signal line, a second output signal line, a first single-ended driver, a second single-ended driver, a differential transmitter, and a mode control signal line, the mode control signal line having asserted upon it a mode control signal, the transmitter configured to operate the output signal lines using the single-ended drivers at a first voltage when the mode control signal is a first value and to operate the output signal lines using the differential transmitter at a second voltage when the mode control signal is a second value, and the transmitter configured to protect the differential transmitter from the first voltage when the mode control signal is the first value.
摘要:
A signal history controlled slew-rate transmission method and bus interface transmitter provide an improved channel equalization mechanism having low complexity. A variable slew-rate feed-forward pre-emphasis circuit changes the slew rate of the applied pre-emphasis in conformity with the history of the transmitted signal. The pre-emphasis circuit may be implemented by a pair of current sources supplying the output of the transmitter, and having differing current values. The current sources are controlled such that upon a signal value change, a high slew rate is provided and when the signal value does not change for two consecutive signal periods, the slew rate is reduced. A current source having a controlled magnitude may be employed to provide a slew rate that changes over time and is continuously reduced until another transmission value change occurs.
摘要:
An amplifier circuit comprises first and second gain cells connected in cascade. Each of the gain cells comprises first and second common emitter differential transistors, a current source coupled to the emitters of the transistors, a first plurality of forward biased, series diodes connected between a power supply terminal and a base of the first transistor, and a second plurality of forward biased, series diodes connected between the power supply terminal and a base of the second transistor. A collector of the first transistor of the first gain cell is connected to the base of the first transistor of the second gain cell, and a collector of the second transistor of a first gain cell is connected to the base of the second transistor of the second gain cell. Because of the low inherent resistance of the biasing diodes, the operating speed of the amplifier is large, and the current amplification can be large without exceeding the power supply voltage. The current source limits the gain for high level signals without causing saturation of the transistors and therefore, does not comprise operating speed. The gain of each cell equals the numbers of diodes connected to the base of the transistor until the level of the current source.
摘要:
An embodiment of the invention comprises a digital phase detector with substantially zero phase offset. The digital phase detector receives a clock signal and a reference clock signal and provides a phase indicator signal to identify whether the clock signal leads or lags the reference clock signal. An embodiment of the invention comprises a method that adds substantially zero phase offset in processing an input clock signal and a delayed clock signal to generate a control signal. The control signal is processed in a variable delay line to generate the delayed clock signal. In an embodiment, a first processor comprises a delay locked loop having a digital phase detector, the digital phase detector comprising a first differential sense amplifier cross-coupled to a second differential sense amplifier, the digital phase detector receiving a clock signal and generating one or more delayed clock signals, a control signal, and a gated data signal.