摘要:
The present invention provides an efficient thin film forming apparatus which is capable of correcting a film thickness so as to take care of a variation in distribution in the film thickness and to take care of the circumferential distribution of the film thickness, as well as a method for forming a thin film using this film forming apparatus. The method comprises the first step of first forming a thin film to a predetermined percentage out of thickness through an opening 8a in a shutter 8, the second step of then using a film thickness monitor 10 to measure the distribution of the thickness of the thin film formed in the first step, and the third step of reducing a film formation rate by an opening 8b in the shutter 8 between a substrate 4 and a sputtering cathode 6 as compared to that of the first step and correcting the thickness of the thin film by an opening 13a in the first film thickness correcting plate 13 between the substrate 4 and the sputtering cathode 6 corresponding to the distribution of the film thickness measured by the film thickness monitor 10 in the second step. Then, the second step is carried out again, during which the film thickness monitor 10 is used to measure the distribution of the thickness of the thin film formed in the third step. Further, the third and second steps are repeatedly carried out.
摘要:
A reset pulse generating section applies the total of voltages of a positive voltage source and two constant-voltage sources from a high side ramp wave generating section to a high side scan switching device as the upper limit of a reset voltage pulse, and applies the ground potential from a low side ramp wave generating section to a low side scan switching device as the lower limit of the reset voltage pulse. A sustaining pulse generating section applies the upper and lower limits of a sustaining voltage pulse through a common sustaining pulse transmission path to the low side scan switching device.
摘要:
A surface-coated steel sheet having improved corrosion resistance and suitable for use as automobile inner and outer panels comprises a steel sheet having on at least one surface thereof a composite coating which comprises the following layers (a) to (d) from the bottom to the top of the coating:(a) a first zinc alloy plating layer with a coating weight of 10-100 g/m.sup.2 which contains at least one of Ni and Co in an amount satisfying the following inequality:0.05.ltoreq.(5.times.Co)+Ni.ltoreq.10 (in weight percent),(b) a second zinc alloy plating layer with a coating weight of 0.05-10 g/m.sup.2 which contains at least one of Ni and Co in an amount satisfying the following inequality:10
摘要翻译:具有改进的耐腐蚀性并适合用作汽车内外板的表面涂覆钢板包括在至少一个表面上具有复合涂层的钢板,该复合涂层包括从底部到(d)的以下层(a)至(d) 涂层的顶部:(a)涂层重量为10-100g / m 2的第一锌合金镀层,其含有满足以下不等式的量的Ni和Co中的至少一种:0.05 <=(5×Co) + Ni <10(重量%),(b)涂层重量为0.05-10g / m 2的第二锌合金镀层,其含有满足以下不等式的量的Ni和Co中的至少一种:10 <(5×Co)+ Ni <40(重量百分比),(c)铬的涂层重量为20-300mg / m 2的铬酸盐膜层,(d)厚度为0.2的有机涂层 -5亩。
摘要:
A continuous vertical the ground-excavating arrangement which comprises a guide post for being driven vertically into the ground deeper than the desired excavation depth so that said guide post can stand independently of excavation, a lower earth loading mechanism slidably secured to the guide post, a lower earth loading mechanisms, a vertical conveyor including an endless chain and conveying containers, and a horizontal earth discharging mechanism secured to the top end of the guide post. The lower earth loading mechanism includes means for securing cut ends of the endless chain for ease in adding chain links to the endless chain as the lower earth loading mechanism is periodically moved to lower excavating depths.
摘要:
A continuous vertical the ground-excavating method which comprises driving a guide post vertically into the ground deeper than the predetermined depth of excavation so that said guide post can stand independently of excavation, fixing a lower earth loading mechanism to a desired part of said guide post by using slidable securing means, excavating the ground and placing the excavated earth onto said lower earth loading mechanism, carrying up the excavated earth vertically from said lower earth loading mechanism by a conveyor system comprising endless chains and conveying containers, and further carrying the earth along an upper horizontal earth discharging mechanism secured to the top end of said guide post so as to extend horizontally, lowering said lower earth loading mechanism by a distance equal to the depth of the ground excavated, then cutting the endless chains and adding complementary endless chains while mounting supplementary conveying containers, and repeating said steps the required number of times until the desired depth of excavation is reached, and an apparatus for carrying out said method. Of a plurality of chain wheels adapted to support and drive the endless chains, one driven by a prime mover provided at one end of said upper horizontal earth discharging mechanism is disposed on a truck having wheels so as to allow horizontal movement of said upper horizontal earth discharging mechanism for extension and shortening of the endless chains. A mechanism for holding the lower portions of the endless chains cut, after lowering the lower earth loading mechanism a given distance upon completion of an excavating operation, is mounted integrally on a support structure of said lower earth loading mechanism.
摘要:
There is provided an information processing apparatus for calculating an evaluation value representing quality of a moving image. A second acquisition unit is configured to acquire position information representing a position of a chart image in each frame image of the input moving image. A cutout unit is configured to cut out, from each frame image of the input moving image, a partial image including the chart image based on the position information and generate a converted moving image having the cutout partial image as a frame image. A conversion unit is configured to frequency-convert the converted moving image at least in a temporal direction. A calculation unit is configured to calculate the evaluation value based on a frequency component value obtained by the conversion unit.
摘要:
An exhaust throttle valve 1 includes a housing 2 formed with a gas passage 2a, first and second valve shafts 3 and 4 rotatably journaled in the housing 2, a large valve body 5 connected to the first valve shaft, and a small valve body 6 connected the second valve shaft.A communication hole 17 is provided in the large valve body, and urging means that urges the small valve body in a direction of abutting against the large valve body is provided in the second valve shaft.When the large valve body closes the gas passage and pressure of a gas in the gas passage increases from a state where the small valve body closes the communication hole (FIG. 2(b)), the small valve body is separated from the large valve body against an urging force of the urging means to open the communication hole (FIG. 2(c)).With an easy configuration, exhaust gas pressure can be adjusted without depending on a gas temperature deference.
摘要:
A drive circuit for driving a plasma display panel (PDP) includes a pulse voltage generator that contains main switching elements disposed on a high voltage side and on a low voltage side, is operable to generate a pulse voltage by operating the main switching elements in accordance with an output voltage from a first power supply and apply the pulse voltage to a PDP scan electrode and sustain electrode, and a reset voltage generator operable to generate a reset voltage in accordance with an output voltage from a second power supply and apply it to the PDP. The pulse voltage generator contains a first diode that prevents the voltage output by the reset voltage generator from being applied backward to the first power supply and a first switching element connected to the first diode in parallel.
摘要:
In an optical transmission system by frequency-division multiplexing, the interference due to distortions of a first signal against a second signal can be reduced. In the optical transmission system where a modulated optical signal by the first signal is further modulated with the second signal for transmission, distortions of the first signal corresponding to a frequency band of the second signal is extracted. The extracted signal is phase-inverted and then adjusted in phase and amplitude with respect to the distortions of the first signal to obtain a correction signal. By intensity-modulating the first signal containing the distortions by the correction signal, the distortions of the first signal against the second signal can be cancelled out. Alternatively, by intensity-modulating the first signal containing the distortions by a combined signal of the correction signal and the second signal, the distortions of the first signal against the second signal can be cancelled out.
摘要:
According to the present invention, a method for creating a sample for a TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope) observation comprising: forming an observation surface at a specific area of a semiconductor device; forming an amorphous protection film on the observation surface; and thinning a portion of the semiconductor device including at least the protection film.