摘要:
IN THE PRODUCTION OF ACRYLONITRILE BY A VAPOR PHASE REACTION OF PROPYLENE, AMAMMONIA AND OXYGEN AT AN ELEVATED TEMPERATURE, A PROCESS WHICH COMPRISES CONTACTING PROPYLENE, AMMONIA AND OXYGEN WITH A CATALYST COMPOSITION COMPRISING A CATALYST SYSTEM OF THE FORMULA:
TLAPBMOCFEDBIEXFOG
WHEREIN X REPRESENTS ONE OR MORE OF THE METALS, NI, MG AND CO, AND A, B, C, D, E, F AND G REPRESENT RESPECTIVELY THE RELATIVE NUMBER OF ATOMS OF EACH COCOMPONENT; PROVIDED THAT WHEN C IS 12, A IS 2 OR LESS, BUT NOT 0; B IS 0 TO 5; D IS 0.1 TO 5; E IS 0.1 TO 5; F IS 2 TO 15; AND THE VALUE OF G DEPENDS ON THE NUMBER OF THE OTHER ATOMS AND IS USUALLY FROM 38.3 TO 81.5.
摘要:
THE HYDRODESULFURIZATION OF A HYDROCARBON OIL WITH A CATALYST COMPRISING A SUPPORTED GROUP VI AND GROUP VIII METAL IS IMPROVED BY SODIUM PROMOTION OF THE CATALYST. THE IMPROVED EFFECT IS SUPRISING BECAUSE OVER AN EXTENDED INITIAL STAGE OF THE PROCESS THE SODIUM ACTS AS A CATALYST POISON AND DEPRESSES CATALYST ACTIVITY. HOWEVER, AFTER A PERIOD OF AGING THE HYDRODESULFURIZATION ACITIVTY OF THE SODIUM-PROMOTED CATALYST EMERGES SUPERIOR TO THAT OF THE NON-PROMOTED CATALYST. THE SUPERIOR ACTIVITY OF THE AGED SODIUM-PROMOTED CATALYST IS INEXPLICABLE IN VIEW OF THE FACT THAT THE CARBON, SULFUR AND METALS LAYDOWN ON THE AGED SODIUM-PROMOTED CATALYST IS ABOUT AS HIGH AS ON THE AGED NON-SODIUM-PROMOTED CATALYST.
摘要:
Naphthenic acids in crude oil are carboxylic acids characterized by one or more aliphatic or naphthenic rings having an alkyl group with a carboxylic acid group. The naphthenic acids produce atypical corrosion phenomena, given that they can cause a localized attack without the presence of water at 473-693 K, hindering the processing of such crude oils in refineries. Disclosed is a catalytic hydrogenation process that permits selective removal of naphthenic acids from heavy and extra heavy crude oils with a low production of hydrogen sulphides. The catalyst is formed by an aluminium and/or magnesium-aluminium spinel-type support having active Fe—Mo phases. The hydrogenation process using Fe and/or Mo catalysts surprisingly permits an acid number of 1 mg KOH/g to be reached in crude oils with TAN greater than 4 g KOH/g, reducing unwanted reactions and prolonging the life of the cataly
摘要:
The present invention relates to a catalyst composition comprising cobalt molybdenum and optionally one or more elements selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals on a carbon support wherein said cobalt and molybdenum are in their metallic form. It was surprisingly found that the selectivity for alcohols can be increased by using the carbon supported cobalt molybdenum catalyst as described herein in a process for producing alcohols from a feed stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Furthermore, it was found that the catalyst of the present invention has a decreased selectivity for CO2 and can be operated at relatively low temperature when compared to conventional catalysts. Moreover, a method for preparing the carbon supported cobalt molybdenum catalyst composition and a process for producing alcohols using said carbon supported cobalt molybdenum catalyst composition is provided.
摘要:
The present invention discloses a sulfur tolerant carbon monoxide shift conversion catalyst, prepared by the following materials: magnesium source, aluminum source, oxide flux, crystal growth agent, rare earth additive, CoO, MoO3 and an acidic aqueous solution. A preparation method of the catalyst is provided, comprising the steps of: S1, Adding an aqueous acidic solution and a specific amount of rare earth additive to a specific amount of magnesium source, aluminum source, oxide flux and crystal growth agent, followed by kneading to produce a mixture; S2, Extruding the mixture to obtain an extruded strip product; S3, Drying the extruded strip product to give a semi-finished product; S4, Calcining the semi-finished product to obtain a catalyst carrier; S5, Impregnating the catalyst carrier with the active components CoO and MoO3 by an incipient-wetness impregnation method to obtain an impregnated product; and S6, Calcining the impregnated product to obtain the catalyst. The oxide flux and crystal growth agent can participate in a solid phase reaction between the magnesium source and aluminum source to form spinel structure, thereby improving the mechanical strength and stability of the spinel. The nano-sized active component can effectively improve the dispersion of the active component, and improve the catalytic activity of the granular boundary of the active component.
摘要:
The subject matter of the present invention is a process for direct synthesis of (meth)acrolein from a reactive mixture comprising at least one compound chosen from ethers, acetals or hemiacetals derived from linear alcohols comprising from 1 to 3 carbon atoms. Examples of compounds are dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, dimethoxymethane, diethoxymethane, dipropoxymethane, 1,1-dimethoxyethane or 1,1-diethoxyethane. The process of the invention comprises two successive phases: oxidation then aldol condensation, which can be carried out in the presence of a solid oxidation catalyst chosen from molybdenum-based catalysts and optionally of an aldol condensation catalyst. These two phases are carried out in a reaction system comprising a single reactor or optionally two reactors in cascade.
摘要:
A selective nickel-based hydrogenation catalyst and the preparation thereof, characterized in that: provided that the catalyst is weighed 100%, it comprises nickel oxide 14-20% as active component, lanthanum oxide and/or cerium oxide 2-8%, and VIB element oxide 1-8% as aids, 2-8% silica, 1-8% alkaline earth metal oxides, and alumina as the balance. The catalyst specific surface area is 60-150 m2/g, and the pore volume is 0.4-0.6 ml/g. The catalyst has good hydrogenation performance, especially impurity and colloid resistance and hydrogenation stability. The catalyst can be applied to the diolefin selective hydrogenation of medium or low-distillate oil, especially of the full-distillates pyrolysis gasoline.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method for increasing hydrocarbon chain length. The method comprises providing a feedstock comprising fatty acids and/or fatty acid esters with hydrocarbon chain length below C23 into a reaction zone in which ketonization is conducted in the presence of a hydrotreatment catalyst under hydrogen pressure. The obtained ketones have a hydrocarbon chain length of from C24 to C43. The present invention further provides a method for simultaneous production of base oil components and fuel components.