Abstract:
A method of and apparatus for maintaining a machine part arranged in an interior space of a machine, where the interior space is kept at a first pressure and is separated from an environment having a second pressure via a load lock. The method includes transporting a machine part via the load lock out of the interior space and transporting via the load lock into the interior space one of the maintained machine part and a separate replacement machine part.
Abstract:
In a lithographic apparatus, a localized area of the substrate surface under a projection system is immersed in liquid. The height of a liquid supply system above the surface of the substrate can be varied using actuators. A control system uses feedforward or feedback control with input of the surface height of the substrate to maintain the liquid supply system at a predetermined height above the surface of the substrate.
Abstract:
An optical apparatus includes an interchange mechanism and an optical assembly of an illumination system or a projection objective. At least one of the plurality of optical elements of the optical assembly is selected from among a plurality of ones selectable from the interchange mechanism which facilitates exchange of one for another in the beam path. To reduce transmission of vibration from the interchange mechanism to the optical assembly, the interchange mechanism is mounted on a structure which is substantially dynamically decoupled from the housing, and a selected selectable optical element is located at an operating position at which it is separate from the interchange mechanism.
Abstract:
An arrangement for use in a projection exposure tool (100) for microlithography comprises a reflective optical element (10; 110) and a radiation detector (30; 32; 130). The reflective optical element (10; 110) comprises a carrier element (12) guaranteeing the mechanical strength of the optical element (10; 110) and a reflective coating (18) disposed on the carrier element (12) for reflecting a use radiation (20a). The carrier element (12) is made of a material which upon interaction with the use radiation (20a) emits a secondary radiation (24) the wavelength of which differs from the wavelength of the use radiation (20a), and the radiation detector (30; 32; 130) is configured to detect the secondary radiation (24).
Abstract:
A measurement system configured to measure a position of an object in a lithographic apparatus, includes at least three position detectors configured to detect the position of the object, the at least three position detectors each including a single or multi-dimensional optical encoder to provide at least six position values, the optical encoders being coupled to the object at different locations within a three dimensional coordinate system, wherein at least one position value is provided for each dimension of the three dimensional coordinate system, and wherein the measurement system is configured to calculate the position of the object within the three dimensional coordinate system from a subset of at least three of the six position values and to calculate an orientation of the object with respect to the three dimensional coordinate system from another subset of at least three of the six position values.
Abstract:
A displacement measurement system, in particular for measuring the displacement of a substrate table in a lithographic apparatus relative to a reference frame is presented. The displacement measure system includes a plurality of displacement sensors mounted to the substrate table and a target associated with each displacement sensor mounted to the reference frame.
Abstract:
Systems and methods to protect a mask from being contaminated by airborne particles are described. The systems and methods include providing a reticle secured in a two-part cover. The two part cover includes a removable protection device used to protect the reticle from contaminants. The cover can be held inside a pod or box that can be used to transport the cover through a lithography system from an atmospheric section to a vacuum section. While in the vacuum section, the removable cover can be moved during an exposure process during which a pattern on the reticle can be formed on a wafer.
Abstract:
Lithographic apparatus includes a substrate table and a motion control system for controlling a movement of the substrate table. The motion control system includes at least 3 position detectors constructed for detecting a position of the substrate table. For measuring a position and orientation of the substrate table, each position detector comprises an optical encoder of a single dimensional or multi dimensional type, the optical encoders being arranged for providing together at least 6 position values, at least one position value being provided for each of the 3 dimensions. 3 or more of the at least 3 optical encoders being connected to the substrate table at different locations in the 3 dimensional coordinate system. The motion control system is arranged to calculate the position of the substrate table in the 3 dimensional coordinate system from a subset of at least 3 of the 6 position values and to calculate an orientation of the substrate table with respect to the coordinate system from another subset of at least 3 of the 6 position values. Further, a method for calibrating the position detectors is described.
Abstract:
A displacement measurement system configured to provide measurement of the relative displacement of two components in six degrees of freedom with improved consistency and without requiring excessive space.
Abstract:
A lithographic projection apparatus is disclosed for use with an immersion liquid positioned between the projection system and a substrate. Several methods and mechanism are disclosed to protect components of the projection system, substrate table and a liquid confinement system. These include providing a protective coating on a final element of the projection system as well as providing one or more sacrificial bodies upstream of the components. A two component final optical element of CaF2 is also disclosed.