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81.发明授权Integrated circuit structures and methods employing a low modulus high elongation photodielectric 有权采用低模量高伸长率光电介质的集成电路结构和方法公开(公告)号：US06426545B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-30
申请号：US09502078
申请日：2000-02-10
IPC分类号： H01L2308
CPC分类号： H01L24/19 , H01L23/3157 , H01L23/49894 , H01L24/97 , H01L2224/04105 , H01L2224/12105 , H01L2224/20 , H01L2224/73267 , H01L2224/97 , H01L2924/01006 , H01L2924/01013 , H01L2924/01027 , H01L2924/01029 , H01L2924/01033 , H01L2924/01039 , H01L2924/01074 , H01L2924/01078 , H01L2924/12041 , H01L2924/14 , H01L2924/15311 , H01L2224/82 , H01L2224/83
摘要： Structures and methods are provided for absorbing stress between a first electrical structure and a second electrical structure connected together, wherein the first and second structures have different coefficients of thermal expansion. A dielectric material is disposed on at least one of the first and second electrical structures. This dielectric material is a low modulus material which has a high ultimate elongation property (LMHE dielectric). Preferably, the LMHE dielectric has a Young's modulus of less than 50,000 psi and an ultimate elongation property of at least 20 percent. The LMHE dielectric can be photo patternable to facilitate formation of via openings therein and a metal layer is formed above the LMHE dielectric which has conductors capable of expanding or contracting with the dielectric. Conductors of the metal layer disposed above the dielectric and connected to vias in the dielectric have a length significantly greater than the maximum displacement due to thermal expansion between the first and second electrical structures, e.g., a length which is at least five times the displacement.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于吸收连接在一起的第一电气结构和第二电气结构之间的应力的结构和方法，其中第一和第二结构具有不同的热膨胀系数。 电介质材料设置在第一和第二电结构中的至少一个上。 该介电材料是具有高极限伸长率（LMHE电介质）的低模量材料。 优选地，LMHE电介质的杨氏模量小于50,000psi，极限伸长率至少为20％。 LMHE电介质可以是光可图案化的，以便于其中形成通孔开口，并且在LMHE电介质上形成金属层，其具有能够与电介质膨胀或收缩的导体。 设置在电介质上方并连接到电介质中的通孔的金属层的导体的长度显着大于由于第一和第二电结构之间的热膨胀而引起的最大位移，例如至少为位移的五倍的长度。
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公开(公告)号：US5250843A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-05
申请号：US942105
申请日：1992-09-08
IPC分类号： H01L21/98 , H01L23/538 , H01L25/065 , H01L23/48 , H01L29/46 , H01L29/54
CPC分类号： H01L25/50 , H01L23/538 , H01L23/5389 , H01L24/24 , H01L24/82 , H01L25/0655 , H01L2224/04105 , H01L2224/12105 , H01L2224/24137 , H01L2224/24226 , H01L2224/32225 , H01L2224/32245 , H01L2224/73267 , H01L2224/82039 , H01L2924/01005 , H01L2924/01006 , H01L2924/01011 , H01L2924/01013 , H01L2924/01018 , H01L2924/01019 , H01L2924/01025 , H01L2924/01029 , H01L2924/01032 , H01L2924/01033 , H01L2924/01039 , H01L2924/01042 , H01L2924/01047 , H01L2924/01056 , H01L2924/01078 , H01L2924/01079 , H01L2924/01082 , H01L2924/014 , H01L2924/09701 , H01L2924/10253 , H01L2924/10329 , H01L2924/12042 , H01L2924/14 , H01L2924/19041 , H01L2924/19042 , H01L2924/19043 , H01L2924/30105 , H01L2924/30107 , H01L2924/3011 , H01L2924/3025 , H01L2924/351
摘要： A multichip integrated circuit package comprises a substrate having a flat upper surface to which is affixed one or more integrated circuit chips having interconnection pads. A polymer encapsulant completely surrounds the integrated circuit chips. The encapsulant is provided with a plurality of via openings therein to accommodate a layer of interconnection metallization. The metallization serves to connect various chips and chip pads with the interconnection pads disposed on the chips. In specific embodiments, the module is constructed to be repairable, have high I/O capability with optimal heat removal, have optimized speed, be capable of incorporating an assortment of components of various thicknesses and function, and be hermetically sealed with a high I/O count. Specific processing methods for each of the various module features are described herein, along with additional structural enhancements.
摘要翻译： 多芯片集成电路封装包括具有平坦的上表面的基板，其上贴有一个或多个具有互连焊盘的集成电路芯片。 聚合物密封剂完全围绕集成电路芯片。 密封剂在其中设置有多个通孔以容纳互连金属化层。 金属化用于将各种芯片和芯片焊盘与布置在芯片上的互连焊盘连接。 在具体实施例中，该模块被构造为可修复的，具有高的I / O能力，具有最佳散热，具有优化的速度，能够结合各种厚度和功能的各种组件，并且可以用高I / O计数 这里描述了各种模块特征中的每一个的具体处理方法以及附加的结构增强。
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公开(公告)号：US4656475A
公开(公告)日：1987-04-07
申请号：US729425
申请日：1985-05-01
CPC分类号： H02J13/0086 , H02J13/0079 , H05B37/0218 , H05B37/0227 , H05B37/029 , Y02B20/46
摘要： An apparatus for controlling distributed electrical loads including a microprocessor based central controller coupled via a twisted pair bi-directional data line to a plurality of microcomputer based transceiver decoders. Each transceiver decoder is coupled to a plurality of relays, each relay associated with a particular load to be controlled. Override switches and sensors, coupled to transceiver decoders provide override requests and information related to ambient conditions at the site of a load. A user defined data base includes sub-sets of relays called sectors, patterns of relay states, remote switches, a time dependent schedule and condition responses. A communication protocall and arbitration scheme provide for interactive communication between the central controller and each transceiver decoder with interfacing with the operation of any other transceiver decoder. Enhanced data storage capacity is achieved through dynamic allocation of memory space for pattern data.
摘要翻译： 一种用于控制分布式电负载的装置，包括通过双绞线双向数据线耦合到基于微机的收发器解码器的基于微处理器的中央控制器。 每个收发器解码器耦合到多个继电器，每个继电器与要控制的特定负载相关联。 覆盖开关和传感器，耦合到收发器解码器提供覆盖请求和与负载现场的环境条件相关的信息。 用户定义的数据库包括称为扇区的继电器子集，继电器状态模式，远程开关，时间相关调度和状态响应。 通信协调和仲裁方案提供中央控制器和每个收发器解码器之间的交互式通信，与任何其他收发器解码器的操作接口。 通过动态分配模式数据的存储空间来实现增强的数据存储容量。
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公开(公告)号：US4598286A
公开(公告)日：1986-07-01
申请号：US614141
申请日：1984-05-25
CPC分类号： H05B37/0218 , H02J13/0079 , H02J13/0086 , H05B37/0227 , H05B37/029 , Y02B20/46
摘要： An apparatus for controlling distributed electrical loads including a microprocessor based central controller coupled via a twisted pair bidirectional data line to a plurality of microcomputer based transceiver decoders. Each transceiver decoder is coupled to a plurality of relays, each relay associated with a particular load to be controlled. Override switches and sensors, coupled to transceiver decoders provide override requests and information related to ambient conditions at the site of a load. A user defined data base includes sub-sets of relays called sectors, patterns of relay states, remote switches, a time dependent schedule and condition responses. A communication protocall and arbitration scheme provide for interactive communication between the central controller and each transceiver decoder with interfacing with the operation of any other transceiver decoder. Enhanced data storage capacity is achieved through dynamic allocation of memory space for pattern data.
摘要翻译： 一种用于控制分布式电负载的装置，包括通过双绞线双向数据线耦合到基于微机的收发器解码器的基于微处理器的中央控制器。 每个收发器解码器耦合到多个继电器，每个继电器与要控制的特定负载相关联。 覆盖开关和传感器，耦合到收发器解码器提供覆盖请求和与负载现场的环境条件相关的信息。 用户定义的数据库包括称为扇区的继电器子集，继电器状态模式，远程开关，时间相关调度和状态响应。 通信协调和仲裁方案提供中央控制器和每个收发器解码器之间的交互式通信，与任何其他收发器解码器的操作接口。 通过动态分配模式数据的存储空间来实现增强的数据存储容量。
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公开(公告)号：US4511895A
公开(公告)日：1985-04-16
申请号：US324640
申请日：1981-11-24
CPC分类号： H05B37/0227 , H02J13/0079 , H02J13/0086 , H05B37/0218 , H05B37/029 , Y02B20/46
摘要： An apparatus for controlling distributed electrical loads including a microprocessor based central controller coupled via a twisted pair bidirectional data line to a plurality of microcomputer based transceiver decoders. Each transceiver decoder is coupled to a plurality of relays, each relay associated with a particular load to be controlled. Override switches and sensors, coupled to transceiver decoders provide override requests and information related to ambient conditions at the site of a load. A user defined data base includes sub-sets of relays called sectors, patterns of relay states, remote switches, a time dependent schedule and condition responses. A communication protocall and arbitration scheme provide for interactive communication between the central controller and each transceiver decoder with interfacing with the operation of any other transceiver decoder. Enhanced data storage capacity is achieved through dynamic allocation of memory space for pattern data.
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公开(公告)号：US4489385A
公开(公告)日：1984-12-18
申请号：US324372
申请日：1981-11-23
CPC分类号： H02J13/0086 , H02J13/0079 , H05B37/0218 , H05B37/0227 , H05B37/029 , Y02B20/46 , Y02B70/3283 , Y04S20/246
摘要： An apparatus for controlling distributed electrical loads including a microprocessor based central controller coupled via a twisted pair bi-directional data line to a plurality of microcomputer based transceiver decoders. Each transceiver decoder is coupled to a plurality of relays, each relay associated with a particular load to be controlled. Override switches and sensors, coupled to transceiver decoders provide override requests and information related to ambient conditions at the site of a load. A user defined data base includes sub-sets of relays called sectors, patterns of relay states, remote switches, a time dependent schedule and condition responses. A communication protocall and arbitration scheme provide for interactive communication between the central controller and each transceiver decoder with interfacing with the operation of any other transceiver decoder. Enhanced data storage capacity is achieved through dynamic allocation of memory space for pattern data.
摘要翻译： 一种用于控制分布式电负载的装置，包括通过双绞线双向数据线耦合到基于微机的收发器解码器的基于微处理器的中央控制器。 每个收发器解码器耦合到多个继电器，每个继电器与要控制的特定负载相关联。 覆盖开关和传感器，耦合到收发器解码器提供覆盖请求和与负载现场的环境条件相关的信息。 用户定义的数据库包括称为扇区的继电器子集，继电器状态模式，远程开关，时间相关调度和状态响应。 通信协调和仲裁方案提供中央控制器和每个收发器解码器之间的交互式通信，与任何其他收发器解码器的操作接口。 通过动态分配模式数据的存储空间来实现增强的数据存储容量。
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公开(公告)号：US4435679A
公开(公告)日：1984-03-06
申请号：US479048
申请日：1983-05-12
CPC分类号： G08C19/025 , H03G3/001
摘要： A circuit, for providing a periodic signal of programmably controllable amplitude, includes an oscillator having a substantially constant amplitude signal of desired frequency and waveform at an output thereof connected to the input of a first programmable voltage divider having its output connected to one input of an operational amplifier. The remaining operational amplifier input is connected to the output thereof via a second programmable voltage divider used as a programmably controllable feedback network. The operational amplifier output signal amplitude may be controlled by external data signals to values less than, equal to, and greater than, the substantially constant oscillator waveform amplitude. Both computer and hard-wired circuitry for controlling the output signal are disclosed. An isolation-and-rectification network may be used to recover a D.C. voltage of programmably controlled amplitude.
摘要翻译： 用于提供可编程可控幅度的周期性信号的电路包括具有所需频率的基本上恒定的振幅信号的振荡器，其输出端连接到第一可编程分压器的输出，该第一可编程分压器的输出连接到 运算放大器。 剩余的运算放大器输入经由用作可编程可控反馈网络的第二可编程分压器连接到其输出端。 运算放大器输出信号幅度可以由外部数据信号控制到小于等于并且大于基本恒定的振荡器波形振幅的值。 公开了用于控制输出信号的计算机和硬连线电路。 隔离和整流网络可用于恢复可编程控制振幅的直流电压。
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88.发明授权Method of, and apparatus for, increased resolution slewing of a bar-graph-display data input/output system 失效条形图显示数据输入/输出系统的分辨率提升方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4386347A
公开(公告)日：1983-05-31
申请号：US212963
申请日：1980-12-04
CPC分类号： H03M11/10 , G01R13/405 , H03K2217/96066
摘要： A bar-graph-display data input/output system, having increased resolution, utilizes a bar graph display having a number of bar segments greater than the number of associated actuating switch devices. Selection of a given level in the increasing direction is obtained by actuating the next-higher switch; the bar graph starts at a level immediately above that bar segment adjacent to the switch next-lower than the actuated switch and slews, or moves, to each progressively higher position after a fixed time interval at each position, until either the switch is inactivated or the bar reaches the position of the switch activated. In the decreasing direction, the display bar starts at a level immediately below a bar segment directly adjacent to that switch next-higher than the switch actuated, and slews to progressively lower levels, after a similar fixed interval at each position until the activated switch is either inactivated or the bar reaches that segment directly associated with the activated switch. The bar graph, and the associated digital level output data, may be increased or decreased from a present position by actuating higher, or lower, switches.
摘要翻译： 具有增加的分辨率的条形图显示数据输入/输出系统利用具有大于相关联的致动开关装置的数量的多个条形段的条形图显示。 通过启动下一个更高的开关来获得增加方向上的给定水平的选择; 条形图开始于与开关相邻的开关旁边的开关旁边的水平处，并且在每个位置上固定时间间隔之后，将其移动到每个逐渐升高的位置，直到开关被切断， 该杆到达开关的位置被激活。 在减小的方向上，显示条在直接与该开关相邻的条形分段正下方的水平处开始，高于开关致动的高度，并且在每个位置上具有类似的固定间隔之后，逐渐降低水平，直到激活的开关为 灭活或者条到达直接与激活的开关相关联的段。 条形图和相关联的数字电平输出数据可以通过启动更高或更低的开关从当前位置增加或减小。
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公开(公告)号：US4296449A
公开(公告)日：1981-10-20
申请号：US69618
申请日：1979-08-27
IPC分类号： G05B19/042 , H01H9/54 , H02H3/033
CPC分类号： G05B19/0425 , H01H9/541 , G05B2219/21136 , G05B2219/21163 , G05B2219/24125 , G05B2219/25267
摘要： A switching circuit for selectively coupling a load to an A.C. power source is disclosed. The switching circuit includes a diode-commutated master relay contact and a pilot relay contact coupled in series therewith. The master and pilot relay contacts are coupled between a load and the power source in such a manner that power is applied to the load whenever both the master and pilot relay contacts are closed. A timing and control circuit performs a switching operation to open the master relay contact during a first half-cycle of the A.C. waveform of the power source during which the commutating diode is forward-biased. The pilot relay contact changes state during the next half-cycle of the A.C. waveform and the master relay contact is reclosed during the following half-cycle of the A.C. waveform.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于选择性地将负载耦合到交流电源的开关电路。 开关电路包括二极管整流的主继电器触点和与其串联耦合的先导继电器触点。 主控制继电器触点和先导继电器触点以负载和电源之间的方式耦合，使得只要主控和继电器触点都闭合，则将负载施加到负载。 定时和控制电路在转换二极管正向偏置的电源的交流波形的第一个半周期期间执行开关操作以打开主继电器触点。 导频继电器触点在交流波形的下一个半周期内改变状态，并且主继电器触点在交流波形的后半个周期内重新闭合。
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公开(公告)号：US4250504A
公开(公告)日：1981-02-10
申请号：US68752
申请日：1979-08-23
CPC分类号： G09G3/10
摘要： A gas discharge display circuit for driving a plurality of gas discharge tubes in a time-multiplexed manner is disclosed. Each of the tubes include an anode, a plurality of display cathodes and a control cathode. A tube selection circuit generates a plurality of tube drive pulses which are sequentially applied to the anodes of each of the gas discharge tubes. A display cathode selection circuit, including a plurality of low-breakdown-voltage saturated switches, is coupled in parallel to each display tube and determines which display elements of each display tube are to be lighted in response to the application of the tube drive pulse. After a given display tube has been fired, a current control regulation circuit adjusts the anode voltage to the particular level required to induce a predetermined current in the lighted display cathodes. The current control regulation circuit utilizes the current in the control cathode of the fired display tube to regulate the anode voltage of the fired tube and thereby ensure a predetermined current in each of the display cathodes.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于以时间复用方式驱动多个气体放电管的气体放电显示电路。 每个管包括阳极，多个显示器阴极和控制阴极。 管选择电路产生顺序地施加到每个气体放电管的阳极的多个管驱动脉冲。 包括多个低击穿电压饱和开关的显示阴极选择电路并联耦合到每个显示管，并且响应于管驱动脉冲的应用确定每个显示管的哪些显示元件被点亮。 在给定的显示管被点燃之后，电流控制调节电路将阳极电压调节到在点亮的显示阴极中引起预定电流所需的特定水平。 电流控制调节电路利用烧制显示管的控制阴极中的电流来调节烧制管的阳极电压，从而确保每个显示阴极中的预定电流。
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