摘要:
A liquid crystal light valve cell has two optically different states switchable therebetween by bias voltage in response to incident light. A ferroelectric liquid crystal layer is sandwiched by a pair of front and rear alignment layers to establish the two bistable states in the ferroelectric liquid crystal layer. A front electrode layer is disposed on the front alignment layer. An optically reflecting layer is disposed on the rear alignment layer. A photo-conductive layer is disposed on the reflecting layer and responsive to the incident light incident from the rear face of cell to increase its electroconductivity. A rear electrode layer is disposed on the photo-conductive layer in cooperation with the front electrode layer to apply the bias voltage between the multi-layer structure including the liquid crystal layer and the photo-conductive layer such that effective bias voltage is applied across the liquid crystal layer through the increased electroconductive region of photo-conductive layer to thereby effect the switching between the two bistable states. The multi-layer structure is sandwiched by a pair of front and rear transparent substrates to construct the liquid crystal light valve cell.
摘要:
In a laser device, a control range of focal distance of a generated thermal lens is broadened and reliability is improved. A mode control waveguide-type laser device includes: a planar laser medium having a waveguide structure in a thickness direction of a cross section perpendicular to an optical axis, for generating gain with respect to laser light; a cladding bonded onto the laser medium; and a heat sink bonded onto the laser medium. The laser medium generates a lens effect, and the laser light oscillates in a waveguide mode in the thickness direction, and oscillates in a spatial mode due to the lens effect in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis and the thickness direction. The refractive index distribution within the laser medium is created by generating a temperature distribution in the laser medium depending on a junction area of the cladding and the heat sink.
摘要:
A dispensing device that achieves both of preventing cross-contamination between reagents and attaching a lid to a reagent container is provided.The dispensing device of the present invention includes a dispensing nozzle 10 that aspirates and discharges liquid, a lid opening and closing part 26 that projects downward to be lower than the dispensing nozzle 10, and a drive unit that makes the dispensing nozzle 10 and the lid opening and closing part 26 drive in the vertical direction, in which the dispensing nozzle 10 drives in the vertical direction independently of the lid opening and closing part 26. The dispensing device that achieves both of preventing cross-contamination between the reagents and attaching the lid to the reagent container can be provided.
摘要:
In a conventional bistable liquid crystal device, switching characteristics fluctuate among panels and there is a problem in mass productivity. As an intermediate layer, an uneven film is inserted between a low anchoring layer and ITO. The uneven film has an average surface roughness of 2 nm or less, which is measured by an atomic force microscope. In this manner, the low anchoring layer is not affected by the surface shape of the ITO film which differs among panels, and the switching characteristics are stabilized.
摘要:
An optical wavelength conversion element includes: a wavelength conversion waveguide that has a periodic polarization reversal structure having alternately and cyclically formed domains of which polarization directions are inverted, that guides light as a fundamental wave corresponding to the periodic polarization reversal structure, and performs a wavelength conversion of the guided fundamental wave; a first clad that is made of a dielectric having a refractive index lower than that of the wavelength conversion waveguide and is provided in contact with the domains; a second clad that is made of a dielectric having a refractive index lower than that of the wavelength conversion waveguide and is provided in contact with the domains such that the second clad is opposed to the first clad film; a first conducting unit that electrically connects the domains in parallel via the first clad; and a second conducting unit that electrically connects the domains in parallel via the second clad.
摘要:
A laser illumination device for providing a light intensity distribution of a high-intensity and uniform illumination light flux is obtained. The device includes a plurality of light source modules (20) each including: a plurality of light source units (8), in each of which a semiconductor laser (1), and a laser medium (5) and a nonlinear material (7) which are flat-shaped and have a waveguide structure are arranged on the same plane, for performing continuous oscillation in a waveguide mode of the laser medium (5); and a first optical system (12) for coupling laser oscillation beams from the plurality of light source units (8). The device further includes: a second optical system (15) for coupling laser light beams propagating from the plurality of light source modules (20) through first optical fibers (13) and a second optical fiber array (14); a uniformization element (16) for converting a laser light beam from the second optical system (15) into a uniform laser light beam; and a third optical system (17) for projecting, to a substrate (19) which is an illuminated surface (18), the uniform laser light beam obtained through the uniformization element (16) at a predetermined magnification, to produce an illumination light flux (11).
摘要:
In a PLL frequency synthesizer, a loop is constituted by a phase comparison unit, a gate unit, a charge pump, a capacitive element, a potential adjustment unit, a voltage-controlled oscillator, and a feedback division unit. In this loop, the gate unit and the charge pump are provided in parallel with the potential adjustment unit. A charging/discharging current is input from the charge pump to the capacitive element and the potential of a first end of the capacitive element is adjusted by the potential adjustment unit, so that a phase difference between a reference oscillation signal and a feedback oscillation signal input to the phase comparison unit is small.
摘要:
In a conventional bistable liquid crystal device, switching characteristics fluctuate among panels and there is a problem in mass productivity. As an intermediate layer, an uneven film is inserted between a low anchoring layer and ITO. The uneven film has an average surface roughness of 2 nm or less, which is measured by an atomic force microscope. In this manner, the low anchoring layer is not affected by the surface shape of the ITO film which differs among panels, and the switching characteristics are stabilized.
摘要:
A laser module includes: a heat sink that releases heat from a member in contact with the heat sink; a sub-mount substrate that is disposed on the heat sink and made of an insulating material; a feeding layer that is disposed on the sub-mount substrate; and a laser diode array that has plural light-emitting portions disposed on the feeding layer in a parallel arrangement. A linear expansion coefficient of the sub-mount substrate is made smaller than a linear expansion coefficient of the laser diode array, and the linear expansion coefficient of the sub-mount substrate in a state connected to the heat sink having a larger linear expansion coefficient than the laser diode array is set to fall within a predetermined range including the linear expansion coefficient of the laser diode array.
摘要:
A clock data restoration device (1A) includes a sampler portion (11), a phase comparison portion (12), a drive portion (13), a charge pump (14), a capacitive element (15), a potential adjustment portion (16) and a voltage control oscillator (17). The phase comparison portion (12) outputs a signal (UP) that becomes a significant value when the phase of a clock (CKX) delays with respect to an input digital signal, and outputs a signal (DN) that becomes a significant value when the phase advances. The drive portion (13) increases or decreases a value δ to or from a variable Δ when the signals (UP) and (DN) become a significant value, and increases or decrease a value N to or from the variable Δ when the value of the variable Δ is equal to or more than +N or when the value of the variable Δ is equal to or less than −N, and signals (UPFRQ) and (DNFRQ) are output to the charge pump (14). The potential adjustment portion (16) increases or decreases a potential at a first end of a capacitive element (15) based on the signals (UP) and (DN).