公开(公告)号：US5136808A

公开(公告)日：1992-08-11

申请号：US521545

申请日：1990-05-10

申请人： Albert Calderon

发明人： Albert Calderon

IPC分类号： C10J3/62 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10K1/20

CPC分类号： C10J3/62 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10K1/101 ,  C10K1/20 ,  C10J2200/152 ,  C10J2200/156 ,  C10J2200/158 ,  C10J2200/36 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  Y10S48/02

摘要： A gasifier for the gasification of a fuel material includes a chamber in which the material is converted into a gas and a molten slag. A quenching apparatus is provided for cooling and solidifying the molten slag. A nozzle extends between the chamber and the quenching apparatus. The nozzle includes an orifice having an inlet end for receiving the molten slag from the chamber and an outlet end for discharging the molten slag into the quenching apparatus. A recessed zone is provided between the outlet end of the orifice and the quenching apparatus. The recessed zone may be formed within the nozzle. An electric induction heating coil provides heat in the recessed zone to prevent the solidification of the slag at the outlet end of the orifice.

摘要翻译： 用于气化燃料的气化器包括其中材料转化为气体的气室和熔渣。 提供用于冷却和固化熔渣的淬火装置。 喷嘴在腔室和淬火装置之间延伸。 喷嘴包括具有用于接收来自腔室的熔渣的入口端的孔口和用于将熔渣排放到淬火装置中的出口端。 在孔口的出口端和淬火装置之间设置凹陷区域。 凹陷区域可以形成在喷嘴内。 电感应加热线圈在凹陷区域中提供热量以防止在孔口的出口端处的炉渣凝固。

公开(公告)号：US4655792A

公开(公告)日：1987-04-07

申请号：US680724

申请日：1984-12-12

申请人： Richard V. Kessler ,  Mitri S. Najjar

发明人： Richard V. Kessler ,  Mitri S. Najjar

IPC分类号： C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J3/00

CPC分类号： C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/463 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/62 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J2300/0983 ,  C10J2300/1628 ,  Y10S48/07

摘要： An ash fusion temperature reducing agent comprising a comminuted ore mixture of the silicates of iron, calcium, magnesium and aluminum is mixed with an ash containing pumpable liquid hydrocarbonaceous material to produce Mixture A. Mixture A is reacted with a free-oxygen containing gas in a partial oxidation gas generator. A hot raw effluent gas stream comprising H.sub.2 +CO along with molten ash having a reduced ash fusion temperature are produced at a lower temperature. Alternatively, Mixture A may be first introduced into a coking zone and converted into petroleum coke in which the ash fusion temperature reducing agent is dispersed throughout. The petroleum coke is then introduced into the partial oxidation gas generator where the hot raw effluent gas stream comprising H.sub.2 +CO is produced along with molten petroleum coke ash having a reduced ash fusion temperature. The molten ash is readily separated from the effluent gas stream and the gas generator may be operated at a lower temperature thereby extending the life of the refractory lined reaction zone.

摘要翻译： 将包含铁，钙，镁和铝的硅酸盐的粉碎矿石混合物的灰熔融降温剂与含灰尘的可泵送液体烃类材料混合以制备混合物A.混合物A与含有游离氧的气体在 部分氧化气体发生器。 在较低的温度下产生包含H 2 + CO以及具有降低的灰熔融温度的熔融灰分的热的原料流出物气流。 或者，可以将混合物A首先引入焦化区并转化为石灰焦炭，其中灰分熔融降温剂分散在其中。 然后将石油焦炭引入到部分氧化气体发生器中，其中产生包含H 2 + CO的热的原料流出气流以及具有降低的灰分熔融温度的熔融石油焦炭。 熔融灰很容易与废气流分离，并且气体发生器可以在较低温度下操作，从而延长耐火材料衬里反应区的寿命。

公开(公告)号：US4439209A

公开(公告)日：1984-03-27

申请号：US411179

申请日：1982-08-25

申请人： Carl M. Wilwerding ,  Robert S. Williams

发明人： Carl M. Wilwerding ,  Robert S. Williams

IPC分类号： C01B31/08 ,  C10B1/10 ,  C10B47/30 ,  C10B53/00 ,  C10B53/02 ,  C10B53/07 ,  C10J3/62 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J3/00

CPC分类号： B29B17/04 ,  C01B31/081 ,  C01B31/088 ,  C10B1/10 ,  C10B47/30 ,  C10B53/00 ,  C10B53/02 ,  C10B53/07 ,  C10J3/005 ,  C10J3/60 ,  C10J3/62 ,  C10J3/66 ,  B29B2017/0496 ,  B29K2021/00 ,  B29L2030/00 ,  C10J2300/092 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1823 ,  Y02E50/14 ,  Y02P20/143 ,  Y02W30/625

摘要： An apparatus is disclosed for the continuous non-oxidative thermal decomposition of heat-dissociable organic matter to a solid carbon residue, particularly activated carbon, and a mixture of gaseous products, without substantial coking or tar formation. The apparatus involve a cylindrical rotating drum in a substantially horizontal position, into which feed material is introduced at one end and products recovered at the other end. An axial temperature gradient, increasing in the direction of flow, is maintained within the drum, enabling the exercise of a high degree of control over the reaction to fully convert the feed into the desired products.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于将热解离的有机物质连续非热氧化分解成固体碳残余物，特别是活性炭，以及气态产物的混合物，而没有实质的焦化或焦油形成的装置。 该装置包括在基本上水平的位置的圆柱形旋转鼓，一端引入进料并在另一端回收产品。 在滚筒内保持在流动方向上增加的轴向温度梯度，使得能够对反应进行高度控制以将进料完全转化成所需产品。

公开(公告)号：US4436529A

公开(公告)日：1984-03-13

申请号：US357091

申请日：1982-03-11

申请人： Per A. H. H. Fahlstrom ,  Karl G. Gorling

发明人： Per A. H. H. Fahlstrom ,  Karl G. Gorling

IPC分类号： C01B17/04 ,  C10J3/57 ,  C10J3/62 ,  C22B1/11 ,  C22B5/02 ,  C10J3/00

CPC分类号： C10J3/62 ,  C01B17/04 ,  C10J3/57 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C22B1/11 ,  C22B5/02 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/1603 ,  C10J2300/1628 ,  C10J2300/1671 ,  C10J2300/1675 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  C10J2300/1884

摘要： The invention relates to a method in the gasification of sulphur-containing carbonaceous material using metal smelts. When gasifying such carbonaceous material in a metal smelt, the material is introduced to a gasifying reactor containing an iron and/or manganese smelt having a temperature of between 1100.degree. and 1600.degree. C., suitably 1150.degree.-1250.degree. C., the smelt being substantially saturated with respect to sulphur and carbon. The carbonaceous material is oxidized to carbon monoxide and the sulphur content forms a matte phase containing a high percentage of sulphur, which phase is tapped off. Residual non-combustible material is collected as a slag on the surface and is removed together therewith. If so desired, the matte can be granulated and roasted to recover the sulphur and metal contents. Carbonaceous material incorporating pyrolysible constituents is suitably pyrolysed in a pyrolysis medium at a temperature of between 450.degree.-800.degree. C. prior to the gasification reaction, the temperature during the pyrolysis process being maintained, by circulating the pyrolysis medium between pyrolysis and gasification and optional combustion of carbon monoxide gas formed.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及使用金属熔炼气化含硫碳质材料的方法。 当将这种碳质材料气化在金属熔炼中时，将该材料引入到含有温度在1100至1600℃之间，适当地为1150-125℃的铁和/或锰熔炼的气化反应器中， 相对于硫和碳基本饱和。 碳质材料被氧化成一氧化碳，硫含量形成含有高百分比硫的消光相，该相被剥离。 剩余的不燃材料作为炉渣收集在表面上并与之一起被除去。 如果需要，可以将无光泽颗粒和焙烧以回收硫和金属含量。 含有可热解成分的碳质材料在气化反应之前在热解介质中在450-800℃的温度下适当地热解，通过在热解和气化之间循环热解介质和任选的 形成一氧化碳气体的燃烧。

公开(公告)号：US4322222A

公开(公告)日：1982-03-30

申请号：US183777

申请日：1980-09-03

申请人： Allan Sass

发明人： Allan Sass

IPC分类号： C10J1/207 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/62

CPC分类号： C10J1/207 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/485 ,  C10J3/62 ,  C10J3/721 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2300/0909 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1659 ,  C10J2300/1662 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  C10J2300/1823 ,  C10J2300/1884 ,  C10J2300/1892 ,  Y02E50/32

摘要： Carbonaceous material is gasified in a first pyrolysis zone substantially in an absence of free oxygen by heating with a solid heating media. The carbonaceous material is conducted through the first pyrolysis zone in turbulent flow to provide for the rapid transfer of heat to effect the gasification.Gaseous products are recovered while char products are introduced into a second pyrolysis zone for additional gasification. The second pyrolysis zone is maintained substantially free of free oxygen. Gasification in the second pyrolysis zone is effected by the transfer of heat from a heating media to the char products produced in the first pyrolysis zone.Gaseous products from the second pyrolysis zone are recovered.The char products from the second pyrolysis zone can be heated to a temperature sufficient for use as a solid heating media.The gaseous product from the first pyrolysis zone, after separation from the char product, can be cooled to a lower temperature to condense a liquid product therefrom.Liquid products produced can be recycled to the pyrolysis zones to produce additional gaseous products. The gaseous product from the second pyrolysis zone can be used as a conveying gas for the carbonaceous feed, char products, and recycle char.A portion of the char product and the gaseous product can be converted to methane for the production of pipeline gas.

摘要翻译： 通过用固体加热介质加热，碳质材料在基本上不存在游离氧的第一热解区中气化。 碳质材料通过湍流中的第一热解区进行，以提供快速转移热量以实现气化。 气态产物被回收，而焦炭产物被引入第二个热解区以进行另外的气化。 第二热解区基本上不含游离氧。 第二热解区中的气化通过将热量从加热介质转移到在第一热解区中产生的炭产物来实现。 回收来自第二热解区的气态产物。 可以将来自第二热解区的炭产物加热到足以用作固体加热介质的温度。 来自第一热解区的气态产物在与焦炭产物分离后可被冷却到较低温度以冷凝液体产物。 所生产的液体产品可以再循环到热解区产生额外的气态产物。 来自第二热解区的气态产物可用作碳质进料，炭产物和再循环炭的输送气体。 焦炭产物和气体产物的一部分可以转化成甲烷，用于生产管道气体。

公开(公告)号：US20230365866A1

公开(公告)日：2023-11-16

申请号：US18246359

申请日：2021-09-28

申请人： Richard D Tucker

发明人： Richard D Tucker

IPC分类号： C10B57/16 ,  C10B57/12 ,  C10B57/14 ,  C10J3/62 ,  C10J3/72 ,  C10B21/10

CPC分类号： C10B57/16 ,  C10B57/12 ,  C10B57/14 ,  C10J3/62 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10B21/10 ,  C10J2300/0909 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0983 ,  C10J2300/1207 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  C10J2300/1853 ,  C01B32/312

摘要： A system and process for the resultant gas constituent-controlled gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock uses feedback loop-controlled pyrolysis to produce a stable and predictable gas product from a variable or unknown feedstock, such as MSW, that may include methane, ethane, and other desirable hydrocarbon gases, and a solid product, that includes activated Carbon or Carbon.

公开(公告)号：US20190248045A1

公开(公告)日：2019-08-15

申请号：US16093941

申请日：2017-04-10

申请人： RECICLALIA, S.L.

发明人： Alejandro ALVAREZ QUINTANA

IPC分类号： B29B17/02

CPC分类号： B29B17/02 ,  B29B2017/0496 ,  B29K2067/00 ,  B29K2105/06 ,  B29K2307/04 ,  B29K2309/08 ,  C10B47/30 ,  C10B53/07 ,  C10J3/62 ,  F27B9/028 ,  F27B9/045 ,  Y02P20/143 ,  Y02W30/622 ,  Y02W30/625

摘要： The invention relates to a installation (4) for recycling composite materials comprising a horizontal reactor (5) with a first zone (1), second zone (2) and third zone (3), which are leak-tight and independent, aligned with and separated from one another by means of gates that allow the passage of the composite material to be recycled only when the process has ended in a previous zone. The first zone (1) comprises a rotation mechanism (9) for rotating the material and gas outlet means (8). The second zone (2) comprises air injectors (10) and gas outlet means (11). The third zone (3) comprises cooling means.The invention also relates to a method for recycling composite materials comprising a first pyrolysis phase, a second gassing phase for gassing the material resulting from the first phase, and a third cooling phase for cooling the reinforcement material.

公开(公告)号：US20180142174A1

公开(公告)日：2018-05-24

申请号：US15572592

申请日：2016-06-15

申请人： Sage & Time LLP

发明人： John GRAINGER ,  Geoff SMITH

IPC分类号： C10L3/08 ,  C10J3/62 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J3/72 ,  C10L3/10 ,  C10K3/00 ,  C10B55/00

CPC分类号： C10L3/08 ,  C10B47/44 ,  C10B53/02 ,  C10B53/04 ,  C10B53/07 ,  C10B55/00 ,  C10B57/02 ,  C10G2/30 ,  C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/60 ,  C10J3/62 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J3/721 ,  C10J2200/158 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/094 ,  C10J2300/1276 ,  C10K3/008 ,  C10L3/10 ,  C10L3/101 ,  Y02E50/14 ,  Y02E50/32 ,  Y02P20/143

摘要： Processes and systems are provided for converting a carbonaceous feedstock into a reaction gas and a syngas, involving a step of pyrolysing and methanating the feedstock in a pyrolysis chamber to produce the reaction gas and a step of gasifying unconverted feedstock in the presence of a reactant to produce a syngas.

公开(公告)号：US20180057750A1

公开(公告)日：2018-03-01

申请号：US15688625

申请日：2017-08-28

申请人： Saga Fuel Systems, Inc.

发明人： Deborah Wenzel

IPC分类号： C10B53/07 ,  C10B57/00

CPC分类号： C10B53/07 ,  C10B53/00 ,  C10B57/005 ,  C10G2/30 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10J3/62 ,  C10J2300/094 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/1659 ,  C10J2300/1665

摘要： Ultra-clean char is used to generate hydrocarbons and/or electricity in a clean environmentally friendly process. The ultra-clean char is produced by pyrolizing organic matter, such as coal or various organic waste. The pyrolized organic matter may be combusted in the presence of oxygen to produce heat, which can be used to generate electricity in a conventional boiler/generator system. Further, pyrolized organic matter can be combusted in the presence of carbon dioxide and further processed to produce various hydrocarbons. In other embodiments, the ultra-clean char may be subjected to an extraction process for capturing valuable rare earth elements.

公开(公告)号：US20160312123A1

公开(公告)日：2016-10-27

申请号：US15140409

申请日：2016-04-27

申请人： Enginuity Worldwide, LLC

发明人： Robert L. Heimann

IPC分类号： C10B47/12 ,  F26B23/00 ,  C10B53/02 ,  F26B25/04 ,  C10B27/06 ,  F26B11/12 ,  F26B25/00

CPC分类号： C10B47/12 ,  C10B27/06 ,  C10B53/02 ,  C10J3/007 ,  C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/62 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J2200/158 ,  C10J2300/0909 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/033 ,  F23G7/10 ,  F23G2201/20 ,  F23G2201/30 ,  F23G2203/8013 ,  F23G2205/121 ,  F26B11/12 ,  F26B23/00 ,  F26B25/003 ,  F26B25/04 ,  F26B2200/02 ,  F26B2200/06 ,  F26B2200/10 ,  F26B2200/24 ,  Y02E50/14

摘要： An apparatus, a system, and a method for heat treating a moisture-containing or water-laden material are provided. The heat treatment can be drying for dehydration, gasification, or full carbonization. The system comprises a feeding mechanism, and a rapid compression (RCU)apparatus having a screw, a barrel, and one or more flow disrupters. The system can further include a reflux condenser, an aftercooler stage, a second condenser for particle filtering, and an exit mechanism. The one or more flow disrupters are located on an inner surface of the barrel and projects into the passageway created by the screw and the barrel. The screw is sized to fit within the barrel such that flow disrupter does not contact the screw. The one or more flow disrupters cause the water-laden material to fold over onto its self, thereby, allowing for the occurrence of more uniform drying.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于热处理含水或含水材料的装置，系统和方法。 热处理可以干燥脱水，气化或全碳化。 该系统包括进料机构和具有螺杆，桶和一个或多个流动扰流器的快速压缩（RCU）装置。 该系统还可以包括回流冷凝器，后冷却器级，用于颗粒过滤的第二冷凝器和出口机构。 一个或多个流动破坏器位于桶的内表面上，并且突出到由螺杆和桶形成的通道中。 螺钉的尺寸设计成适合于桶内，使得流动扰流器不接触螺钉。 一个或多个流动破坏器使含水材料折叠到其自身上，从而允许发生更均匀的干燥。