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    Mixer using fundamental frequency or second or third harmonic frequencies of a local oscillator for maximized resultant frequency mixer product
    81.
    发明授权
    Mixer using fundamental frequency or second or third harmonic frequencies of a local oscillator for maximized resultant frequency mixer product 失效
    混频器使用本地振荡器的基频或二次或三次谐波来最大化合成频率混频器产品

    公开(公告)号：US5446923A

    公开(公告)日：1995-08-29

    申请号：US205169

    申请日：1994-03-03

    Applicant: Glen D. Martinson ,  Marian M. Burin

    Inventor： Glen D. Martinson ,  Marian M. Burin

    IPC: G01S7/02 ,  H03B19/00 ,  H03D7/02 ,  H04B1/26 ,  H04B1/28 ,  G01S7/285 ,  G01S7/36

    CPC classification number: H03D7/02 ,  H04B1/26 ,  G01S7/022 ,  H03B19/00

    Abstract: A mixer is provided having a mixing element, an input signal port for incoming signals at a frequency f.sub.IN, a local oscillator signal port for signals from a local oscillator having a fundamental frequency f.sub.LO, and an output port from which the resultant frequency may be taken. Means are provided to impose a DC component of bias voltage across the mixing element at one of three levels. The mixer is such that it has a pair of conduction threshold voltages which are substantially symmetrical above and below zero volts, beyond which the mixing element will be conductive at least when a signal from the local oscillator is imposed on it. The signal from the local oscillator has substantially sinusoidal voltage waveform, with a peak-to-peak voltage which is greater than the voltage difference between the pair of conduction threshold voltages. When the first zero DC component bias voltage is imposed across the mixer element, the mixing element is conductive in respective symmetrical positive-going and negative-going senses, and the maximized resultant frequency is .vertline.f.sub.IN .+-.2f.sub.LO .vertline.. When the second DC component of bias voltage is imposed across the mixing element, it conducts only once per cycle of local oscillator voltage, so that the maximized resultant frequency is .vertline.f.sub.IN .+-.f.sub.LO .vertline.. When the third DC component of bias voltage is imposed across the mixing element, the value of voltage across the mixing element exceeds the threshold voltage in the same sense as the voltage shift for about 35% to about 55% of the period of the local oscillator voltage cycle making the mixer conductive, but it is also conductive in the opposite sense for at least a portion of the remaining period of the cycle, so that third harmonic mixing occurs, and the maximized resultant frequency is .vertline.f.sub.IN .+-.3f.sub.LO .vertline..

    Abstract translation: 提供混频器，其具有混频元件，用于频率fIN的输入信号的输入信号端口，用于来自具有基频fLO的本地振荡器的信号的本地振荡器信号端口以及可以从其获得合成频率的输出端口 。 提供装置以在三个级别中的一个级别上施加跨混合元件的偏置电压的DC分量。 混频器使得它具有一对导通阈值电压，它们在零伏以上和低于零电压基本上是对称的，超过该导通阈值电压至少当来自本地振荡器的信号被施加时，混合元件将导通。 来自本地振荡器的信号具有基本上正弦的电压波形，峰 - 峰电压大于一对导通阈值电压之间的电压差。 当第一零直流分量偏置电压施加在混频器元件上时，混合元件在相应的对称正向和负向感测中是导电的，并且最大化的合成频率为| fIN +/- 2fLO |。 当偏置电压的第二直流分量施加在混频元件上时，它每周期本地振荡器电压仅传导一次，使最大合成频率为| fIN +/- fLO |。 当偏置电压的第三直流分量施加在混频元件上时，混频元件两端的电压值超出与本地振荡器周期约35％至约55％的电压偏移相同的阈值电压 电压周期使得混频器导通，但是对于周期的剩余周期的至少一部分，它也在相反的方向上导通，使得发生三次谐波混合，并且最大化的合成频率为| fIN +/- 3fLO |。

    Method and apparatus for increasing the high frequency sensitivity response of a sampler frequency converter
    82.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for increasing the high frequency sensitivity response of a sampler frequency converter 失效
    用于增加采样器变频器的高频灵敏度响应的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US5113094A

    公开(公告)日：1992-05-12

    申请号：US492763

    申请日：1990-03-13

    Applicant: Martin I. Grace ,  Peter M. Kapetanic ,  Eric C. Liu

    Inventor： Martin I. Grace ,  Peter M. Kapetanic ,  Eric C. Liu

    IPC: H03D7/02

    CPC classification number: H03D7/02

    Abstract: A method and apparatus comprising a sampler frequency converter having a first and a second diode. A local oscillator having a frequency F.sub.LO, a step recovery diode and a balun transformer are used for providing positive and negative sampling pulses to the diodes for sampling an input signal applied to the diodes having a frequency F.sub.IN. An output signal is provided by the diodes having a frequency F.sub.OUT which is defined by the relationship F.sub.OUT .vertline.F.sub.IN .+-.N.times.F.sub.LO .vertline. where N is an integer harmonic number 1, 2, 3 . . . and the output signal has an amplitude which varies as a function of (sin x)/x where x=F.sub.IN. A bandpass filter is provided which is responsive to the output signal for filtering a predetermined band of frequencies therefrom and a bias circuit is provided for forward biasing the diodes so that the frequency F.sub.IN of said input signal at which nulls occur in said (sin x)/x relationship occur at a lower frequency after said biasing than before said biasing.

    Abstract translation: 一种包括具有第一和第二二极管的采样器频率转换器的方法和装置。 具有频率FLO，阶跃恢复二极管和平衡不平衡变压器的本地振荡器用于向二极管提供正和负采样脉冲，以对施加到具有频率FIN的二极管的输入信号进行采样。 输出信号由具有频率FOUT的二极管提供，频率FOUT由关系FOUT|FIN +/- NxFLO|定义，其中N是整数谐波数1,2,3。 。 。 并且输出信号具有作为（sin x）/ x的函数而变化的幅度，其中x = FIN。 提供带通滤波器，其响应于输出信号用于滤波预定的频带，并且提供偏置电路用于正向偏置二极管，使得所述输入信号的频率FIN在所述（sin x） / x关系发生在所述偏压之后的较低频率，而不是在所述偏压之前。

    Diode mixer with bias control
    83.
    发明授权
    Diode mixer with bias control 失效
    二极管混频器带偏置控制

    公开(公告)号：US4593411A

    公开(公告)日：1986-06-03

    申请号：US589001

    申请日：1984-03-13

    Applicant: Wolfgang Schiller

    Inventor： Wolfgang Schiller

    IPC: H03D7/02 ,  H03J5/02 ,  H04B1/16 ,  H04B1/26

    CPC classification number: H03J5/0281 ,  H03D7/02

    Abstract: A diode mixer arrangement including a mixer stage connected for receiving a signal having a frequency to be converted and an oscillator signal having one of a plurality of preselectable oscillator frequencies. The mixer stage includes diodes arranged to be biased by a predetermined direct control voltage for the compensation of parasitic influences. A voltage branch is connected to the mixer stage for producing the predetermined direct control voltage. The voltage branch includes a memory device for storing a plurality of data signals each of which represents a predetermined direct control voltage corresponding to a respective one of the plurality of preselectable oscillator frequencies. The memory device has an input for receiving an input signal which represents the preselectable oscillator frequency of the oscillator signal received by the mixer stage and an output for reading out the corresponding data signal which is used by the voltage branch to generate the predetermined direct control voltage.

    Abstract translation: 一种二极管混频器装置，包括连接用于接收具有待转换频率的信号的混频器级和具有多个预选振荡器频率之一的振荡器信号。 混频器级包括被布置为被预定的直接控制电压偏置以用于补偿寄生影响的二极管。 电压分支连接到混合器级，用于产生预定的直接控制电压。 电压分支包括用于存储多个数据信号的存储器件，每个数据信号表示对应于多个预选振荡器频率中的相应一个的预定直接控制电压。 存储器件具有用于接收表示由混频级接收的振荡器信号的预选振荡器频率的输入信号的输入端和用于读出由电压分支使用的相应数据信号的输出，以产生预定的直接控制电压 。

    Frequency converter capable of eliminating local power leak
    85.
    发明授权
    Frequency converter capable of eliminating local power leak 失效
    变频器能够消除局部电力泄漏

    公开(公告)号：US4355420A

    公开(公告)日：1982-10-19

    申请号：US212208

    申请日：1980-12-02

    Applicant: Hiroyuki Ishihara

    Inventor： Hiroyuki Ishihara

    IPC: H03D7/00 ,  H03D7/02 ,  H03D7/14 ,  H04B1/26 ,  H04B1/10

    CPC classification number: H03D7/02

    Abstract: A frequency converter has first, second and third terminals which receive a first signal having a first frequency band, a local oscillation signal, and a second signal having a second frequency band. The first signal and the local oscillation signal are mixed to generate the second signal. A first branching circuit is connected between the second terminal and the frequency mixer, for branching part of the local oscillation signal. A first part of the branched local oscillation signal, which is supplied from the first branching circuit, and a first leaked local oscillation signal are applied from the frequency mixer to the first terminal. The phase and amplitude of the first branched local oscillation signal are adjusted so that the first branched local oscillation signal and the first leaked local oscillation signal have equal amplitude and are reversed in phase to cancel each other.

    Abstract translation: 频率转换器具有接收具有第一频带的第一信号，本地振荡信号和具有第二频带的第二信号的第一，第二和第三端子。 第一信号和本地振荡信号被混合以产生第二信号。 第一分支电路连接在第二端子和混频器之间，用于分支局部振荡信号的一部分。 从第一分支电路提供的分支本机振荡信号的第一部分和第一泄漏本地振荡信号从混频器施加到第一端子。 调整第一分支本机振荡信号的相位和振幅，使得第一分支本地振荡信号和第一泄露本地振荡信号具有相等的振幅并相位反转以相互抵消。

    Microwave circuits constructed inside a waveguide
    88.
    发明授权
    Microwave circuits constructed inside a waveguide 失效
    在波导内部构造的微波电路

    公开(公告)号：US3914713A

    公开(公告)日：1975-10-21

    申请号：US36181773

    申请日：1973-05-18

    Applicant: JAPAN BROADCASTING CORP

    Inventor： KONISHI YOSHIHIRO ,  KONNO KENICHI ,  YAZAWA NORIHIKO ,  HOSHINO NORIO

    IPC: H03B9/12 ,  H01P1/00 ,  H01P1/185 ,  H01P1/207 ,  H01P1/213 ,  H01P1/38 ,  H01P5/04 ,  H01P5/10 ,  H01P5/18 ,  H03B9/14 ,  H03B19/18 ,  H03D7/02 ,  H03D9/06 ,  H01P5/08 ,  H01P1/20 ,  H01P3/12

    CPC classification number: H01P5/182 ,  H01P1/00 ,  H01P1/185 ,  H01P1/207 ,  H01P1/38 ,  H01P5/04 ,  H03B19/18 ,  H03D7/02 ,  H03D9/0616 ,  H03D9/0633 ,  H03D9/0641

    Abstract: By inserting a rectangular conductive flat member into a waveguide in contact relation of their edge portions to the waveguide walls in parallel with an electric field therein, cutoff frequencies at portions of the waveguide to which the conductive flat member is inserted become higher to form a cutoff region. The conductive flat member is composed of a conductor plate or by evaporating a conductive thick film on a dielectric or magnetic plate. The conductive flat member occasionally lined with a non-conductive flat member is provided with circuit elements such as slots formed by punching and strip lines or semiconductor diodes formed by evaporation, and microwave circuits having various functions such as filter circuits, directional couplers, oscillator circuits, frequency converter circuits, frequency multiplier circuits, switch circuits, phase shifter circuits, etc. are constructed on the conductive flat member by combination of the circuit elements through mutual coupling therebetween. These microwave circuits are coupled to transmission regions of the waveguide adjoining both sides of the cut-off region by circuit elements located at the end portion of the conductive flat member. Accordingly, only by inserting into the waveguide a conductive flat member on which various circuit elements are provided, desired microwave circuits of various kinds are constructed very easily inside the waveguide. Such microwave circuits are small in size and low in transmission loss due to elimination of waveguide converters conventionally used, and are suitable for massproduction due to simplicity of structure and ease of manufacturing and assembling which results from mechanical working technique of high degree being unnecessary.

    Abstract translation: 通过将矩形导电平板部件插入与其边缘部分与波导壁平行的波导的波导管中，导电平板部件插入的波导部分处的截止频率变高，形成 一个截止地区。 导电性扁平部件由导体板构成，也可以在电介质或磁性板上蒸镀导电性厚膜。 有时排列有非导电性扁平部件的导电性扁平部件设置有电路元件，例如通过冲压和带状线形成的槽，或者通过蒸发形成的带状线或半导体二极管，以及具有各种功能的微波电路，例如滤波电路，定向耦合器，振荡器电路 变频器电路，倍频器电路，开关电路，移相器电路等通过电路元件之间的相互耦合而组合在导电平板部件上。 这些微波电路通过位于导电平板部件的端部处的电路元件耦合到邻近截止区域两侧的波导的透射区域。 因此，仅通过在波导中插入设置有各种电路元件的导电平板构件，在波导内非常容易地构造各种所需的微波电路。 由于消除了常规使用的波导转换器，这种微波电路的尺寸小，传输损耗低，并且由于不需要高度的机械加工技术而由于结构简单和易于制造和组装而适合于大规模生产。

    Amplitude independent, automatic frequency control/discriminator
    89.
    发明授权
    Amplitude independent, automatic frequency control/discriminator 失效
    独立振幅，自动频率控制/解码器

    公开(公告)号：US3706932A

    公开(公告)日：1972-12-19

    申请号：US3706932D

    申请日：1971-01-07

    Applicant: US NAVY

    Inventor： HUGHES RICHARD SMITH

    IPC: H03D7/02 ,  H03J7/04 ,  H04B1/26

    CPC classification number: H03D7/02 ,  H03J7/04

    Abstract: A system for deriving a constant intermediate frequency output over a band of input frequencies comprising a mixer, a power splitter for splitting the output of the mixer into two segments of equal power, two band pass filters connected to the power splitter and a servo loop incorporating a variable frequency local oscillator whose output is connected to the mixer such that the output of the local oscillator is controlled to maintain the output of the mixer at an essentially constant frequency.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于在包括混频器的输入频率带上导出恒定中频输出的系统，用于将混频器的输出分为两段相等功率的功率分配器，连接到功率分配器的两个带通滤波器以及包含 一个可变频率本地振荡器，其输出连接到混频器，使得本地振荡器的输出被控制以将混频器的输出保持在基本恒定的频率。

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