摘要:
The present invention generally relates to devices, systems, and methods for detecting and measuring the radiant power and emissivity of nonthermal far infrared radiation (FIR) in 3-16 μm wavelength spectrum from the surface of a FIR-photons emitting object and, more specifically, in 8-14 μm wavelength range.
摘要:
This invention relates to a ceramic module for assembly into a therapeutic device for treating a human or animal body with irradiation of far infrared radiation and low dose ionizing radiation based on radiation hormesis effect. More specifically, the invention relates to a ceramic module that simultaneously emits far infrared radiation within 3-16 μm wavelength spectrum and ionizing radiation at a specific dose rate in the range of 0.1-11 μSv/h (micro-Sieverts per hour). Said ceramic module may be used alone or serve as components of a therapeutic device for increasing physiologic performance, immune competence, health, and mean lifespan of human or animal.
摘要:
This invention relates to a system and a method for generating emulsified fuels for improved fuel efficiency of combustion devices with reduced specific fuel consumption rate and emissions, comprising at least a continuous phase fuel, a dispersed phase component, and an infrared radiation source whose infrared radiation spans at least a portion of 3-16 micrometers wavelength spectrum. In said system the continuous phase fuel and/or dispersed phase component are exposed to said infrared before or during emulsification. The continuous phase fuel may be selected from fossil fuels, biofuels, alcohol fuels, vegetable oils, or any combustible liquid fuels, while the dispersed phase component may be oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, propane, butane, any petroleum gas, hydrogen peroxide, or water. The emulsified fuels can be used in combustion devices such as internal combustion engines, boilers, burners, or gas turbines.
摘要:
This invention relates to a ceramic composite that comprises of a mixture of infrared-emitting metal oxides having specific spectral luminance in 3-20 μm (micrometers) wavelength range and an effective amount of pyroelectric material that helps enhance infrared emissions of said oxides in said wavelength range. Said ceramic composite can be deviced to provide an effective means of improving hydrocarbon fuel efficiency in internal combustion engines for better engine performance with increased torque and power, improved fuel economy, and reduced exhaust emissions. Such ceramic composites can also be used in other applications that utilize infrared emissions in said wavelength range.
摘要:
This invention relates to a system and a method for achieving efficient combustion of hydrocarbon fuels in internal combustion engines to enhance the engine performance with reduced fuel consumption and emissions, comprising at least an infrared radiation source emitting infrared at wavelengths covering at least a portion of 3-20 micrometers wavelength range for exciting the hydrocarbon fuel and a hydrogen source providing hydrogen gas to be burned along with the infrared-excited hydrocarbon fuel in engine cylinder. The hydrocarbon fuel can be any of hydrocarbon-based fuels, including methane, propane, gasoline, ethanol, diesels, biodiesels, and renewable fuels, that are used to power internal combustion engines. The expectation is to provide an effective means of improving hydrocarbon fuel efficiency in engines for better engine performance with increased torque and power, improved fuel economy, and reduced exhaust emissions.
摘要:
A rainwater runoff diverting attachment for building roofs is an arrangement of thin, solid bodies connected in two dimensions and elongated in a third dimension. An attachment flange facilitates installation onto the fascia board of a building adjacent to the roof edge. Rainwater runoff falls into a runoff diversion trough and is diverted laterally. A projecting overhang ensures effective collection of rainwater runoff and provides shielding against debris falling into the runoff diversion trough.
摘要:
This invention proposes an ultra-low energy (ULE) RRAM with electrode—1/covalent-bond-dielectric/metal-oxide/electrode—2/substrate structure, where the sequence of covalent-bond-dielectric layer and metal-oxide layer is exchangeable. Stacked dielectric layers of covalent-bond-dielectric and metal-oxide are used to improve the switching power and energy, retention and cycling endurance of resistance random access memory.
摘要:
A flash memory cell includes a substrate and a gate structure formed on the substrate. The gate structure includes a tunneling layer over the substrate, a storage layer over the tunneling layer, a blocking layer over the storage layer, and a gate electrode over the dielectric. The storage layer preferably has a conduction band lower than a conduction band of silicon. The blocking layer is preferably formed of a high-k dielectric material.
摘要:
A method of measuring the instantaneous arterial blood pressure and compliance and the device thereof are disclosed. The method identifies a critical depth under the skin. At this critical position, the arterial mean blood pressure is equivalent to the mean blood pressure obtained on the skin. The variation in the arterial mean blood pressure is tracked and controlled to maintain the equivalence between the mean blood pressure measured on the skin and the arterial mean blood pressure. In this case, the compliance of the muscle tissues remains invariant. Therefore, the variation measured on the skin is simply the behavior of the blood vessel. Using the skin-artery correlation, the invention can obtain the instantaneous blood pressure after some computation and the dynamic compliance at the critical position.
摘要:
A semiconductor structure includes a refractory metal silicide layer; a silicon-rich refractory metal silicide layer on the refractory metal silicide layer; and a metal-rich refractory metal silicide layer on the silicon-rich refractory metal silicide layer. The refractory metal silicide layer, the silicon-rich refractory metal silicide layer and the metal-rich refractory metal silicide layer include same refractory metals. The semiconductor structure forms a portion of a gate electrode of a metal-oxide-semiconductor device.