摘要:
A data storage apparatus and method of storing data are disclosed. An array of irradiation sources are provided for writing on an optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) material. The OSL material includes data storage pixels or spots. Each pixel or spot includes gray-scale levels with higher order bits and variable intensity. A light source stimulates luminescence on the OSL material.
摘要:
An edge-sealed barrier film composite. The composite includes a substrate and at least one initial barrier stack adjacent to the substrate. The at least one initial barrier stack includes at least one decoupling layer and at least one barrier layer. One of the barrier layers has an area greater than the area of one of the decoupling layers. The decoupling layer is sealed by the first barrier layer within the area of barrier material. An edge-sealed, encapsulated environmentally sensitive device is provided. A method of making the edge-sealed barrier film composite is also provided.
摘要:
Iron-sulfide redox flow battery (RFB) systems can be advantageous for energy storage, particularly when the electrolytes have pH values greater than 6. Such systems can exhibit excellent energy conversion efficiency and stability and can utilize low-cost materials that are relatively safer and more environmentally friendly. One example of an iron-sulfide RFB is characterized by a positive electrolyte that comprises Fe(III) and/or Fe(II) in a positive electrolyte supporting solution, a negative electrolyte that comprises S2− and/or S in a negative electrolyte supporting solution, and a membrane, or a separator, that separates the positive electrolyte and electrode from the negative electrolyte and electrode.
摘要:
Electrodeposition and energy storage devices utilizing an electrolyte having a surface-smoothing additive can result in self-healing, instead of self-amplification, of initial protuberant tips that give rise to roughness and/or dendrite formation on the substrate and anode surface. For electrodeposition of a first metal (M1) on a substrate or anode from one or more cations of M1 in an electrolyte solution, the electrolyte solution is characterized by a surface-smoothing additive containing cations of a second metal (M2), wherein cations of M2 have an effective electrochemical reduction potential in the solution lower than that of the cations of M1.
摘要:
The performance and the lifetime of energy storage devices can be hindered by the growth of metal dendrites during operation. Electrolytes having dendrite-inhibiting additives can result in significant improvement. In particular, energy storage devices having an electrode containing a metallic element, M1 can be characterized by a non-aqueous, liquid electrolyte having a first salt and a dendrite-inhibiting salt. The first salt can have a cation of M1 and the dendrite-inhibiting salt can have a cation of metallic element, M2, wherein the cation of M2 has an ionic size greater than, or equal to, the cation of M1.
摘要:
Lithium ion batteries having an anode comprising at least one graphene layer in electrical communication with titania to form a nanocomposite material, a cathode comprising a lithium olivine structure, and an electrolyte. The graphene layer has a carbon to oxygen ratio of between 15 to 1 and 500 to 1 and a surface area of between 400 and 2630 m2/g. The nanocomposite material has a specific capacity at least twice that of a titania material without graphene material at a charge/discharge rate greater than about 10 C. The olivine structure of the cathode of the lithium ion battery of the present invention is LiMPO4 where M is selected from the group consisting of Fe, Mn, Co, Ni and combinations thereof.
摘要:
Methods of the present invention can be used to synthesize nanowires with controllable compositions and/or with multiple elements. The methods can include coating solid powder granules, which comprise a first element, with a catalyst. The catalyst and the first element should form when heated a liquid, mixed phase having a eutectic or peritectic point. The granules, which have been coated with the catalyst, can then be heated to a temperature greater than or equal to the eutectic or peritectic point. During heating, a vapor source comprising the second element is introduced. The vapor source chemically interacts with the liquid, mixed phase to consume the first element and to induce condensation of a product that comprises the first and second elements in the form of a nanowire.
摘要:
A multilayer plastic substrate. The substrate comprises a plurality of thin film layers of at least one polymer, the plurality of thin film layers being adjacent to one another and having sufficient strength to be self-supporting, wherein the multilayer plastic substrate has an average visible light transmittance of greater than about 80%.
摘要:
A method of making an encapsulated plasma sensitive device. The method comprises: providing a plasma sensitive device adjacent to a substrate; depositing a plasma protective layer on the plasma sensitive device using a process selected from non-plasma based processes, or modified sputtering processes; and depositing at least one barrier stack adjacent to the plasma protective layer, the at least one barrier stack comprising at least one decoupling layer and at least one barrier layer, the plasma sensitive device being encapsulated between the substrate and the at least one barrier stack, wherein the decoupling layer, the barrier layer, or both are deposited using a plasma process, the encapsulated plasma sensitive device having a reduced amount of damage caused by the plasma compared to an encapsulated plasma sensitive device made without the plasma protective layer. An encapsulated plasma sensitive device is also described.
摘要:
An edge-sealed, encapsulated environmentally sensitive device. The device includes at least one initial barrier stack, an environmentally sensitive device, and at least one additional barrier stack. The barrier stacks include at least one decoupling layer and at least one barrier layer. The environmentally sensitive device is sealed between the at least one initial barrier stack and the at least one additional barrier stack. A method of making the edge-sealed, encapsulated environmentally sensitive device is also disclosed.