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公开(公告)号：US20110005589A1
公开(公告)日：2011-01-13
申请号：US12833488
申请日：2010-07-09
IPC分类号： H01L31/04 , H01L31/0216 , H01L31/0256 , H01L31/18
CPC分类号： H01G9/2059 , B82Y10/00 , E01C9/00 , H01G9/2031 , H01L51/0045 , Y02E10/542 , Y02P70/521
摘要： Photovoltaic devices and methods of making the same, are disclosed herein. The cell comprises: a first electrically conductive layer; at least one photoelectrochemical layer comprising metal-oxide particles, an electrolyte solution, an asphaltene dye, and a second electrically conductive layer.
摘要翻译： 本文公开了光伏器件及其制造方法。 电池包括：第一导电层; 至少一个包含金属氧化物颗粒的光电化学层，电解质溶液，沥青质染料和第二导电层。
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公开(公告)号：US07223713B2
公开(公告)日：2007-05-29
申请号：US10819893
申请日：2004-04-07
CPC分类号： B01J37/10 , B01J27/051 , B01J27/0515 , B01J27/20 , B01J35/1019 , B01J37/0201 , C01G39/06 , C01P2006/12
摘要： The present invention provides methods of synthesizing molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and carbon-containing molybdenum disulfide (MoS2-xCx) catalysts that exhibit improved catalytic activity for hydrotreating reactions involving hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, and hydrogenation. The present invention also concerns the resulting catalysts. Furthermore, the invention concerns the promotion of these catalysts with Co, Ni, Fe, and/or Ru sulfides to create catalysts with greater activity, for hydrotreating reactions, than conventional catalysts such as cobalt molybdate on alumina support.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了合成二硫化钼（MoS 2 H 2）和含碳二硫化钼（MoS 2-x C x X）催化剂的方法，其中 对加氢脱硫，加氢脱氮和氢化的加氢处理反应表现出改善的催化活性。 本发明还涉及所得的催化剂。 此外，本发明涉及使用Co，Ni，Fe和/或Ru硫化物促进这些催化剂，以产生比常规催化剂（例如氧化铝载体上的钼酸钴）具有更大活性的催化剂，用于加氢处理反应。
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公开(公告)号：US4981949A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-01
申请号：US519961
申请日：1990-05-07
CPC分类号： C07F15/008 , B01J31/184 , C07F11/005 , C07F13/005 , C07F15/0053 , B01J2231/10 , B01J2531/64 , B01J2531/74 , B01J2531/821 , B01J2531/822 , B01J2531/847 , B01J27/04 , B01J31/30
摘要： The present invention includes a composition of matter comprising a sulfide of a metal selected from Groups VIB, VIIB and VIII of the Periodic Tables, or mixtures thereof, and an aromatic, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound selected from the group consisting of tetrahydroquinoline, and the mono and diorgano substituted derivatives of tetrahydroquinoline. These compositions are useful as catalyst precursors. Indeed, upon heating at temperatures above 200.degree. C., the compounds are converted to active catalysts useful in polymerizing nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds.
摘要翻译： 本发明包括一种包含选自元素周期表第VIB，VIIB和VIII族的金属硫化物或其混合物的物质组合物和选自四氢喹啉的芳族，含氮杂环化合物， 四氢喹啉的单和二有机取代衍生物。 这些组合物可用作催化剂前体。 实际上，当在高于200℃的温度下加热时，化合物被转化成可用于聚合含氮杂环化合物的活性催化剂。
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公开(公告)号：US4604183A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-05
申请号：US741993
申请日：1985-06-06
CPC分类号： C10G1/086
摘要： An improved hydroconversion process for carbonaceous materials wherein an ammonium or hydrocarbyl substituted ammonium salt of a metal-sulfur analog of cubane having an anion with a core structure of M.sub.4 S.sub.4 is used as a catalyst precursor. In the general formula, M may be the same or a different metal having hydrogenation catalytic activity when used as a sulfide and capable of occupying one or more vertices in a cubane structure. The metal may also have the capability of bridging one or more such structures. The improved process is effective for both normally solid and normally liquid carbonaceous materials and for carbonaceous materials which are either solid or liquid at the conversion conditions. The hydroconversion will be accomplished at a temperature within the range from about 500.degree. to about 900.degree. F., at a total pressure within the range from about 500 to about 7000 psig and at a hydrogen partial pressure within the range from about 400 to about 5000 psig.
摘要翻译： 用于含碳材料的改进的加氢转化方法，其中使用具有核心结构为M4S4的阴离子的立方烷金属 - 硫类似物的铵或烃基取代的铵盐作为催化剂前体。 在通式中，当用作硫化物并且能够占据立方体结构中的一个或多个顶点时，M可以是相同或不同的具有氢化催化活性的金属。 金属也可以具有桥接一个或多个这样的结构的能力。 改进的方法对于常规固体和常规含碳材料以及在转化条件下为固体或液体的碳质材料都是有效的。 加氢转化将在约500至约900°F范围内的温度下进行，总压力范围为约500至约7000psig，氢分压为约400至约 5000 psig
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5.发明授权Method of preparing chalocogenides of group VIII by low temperature precipitation from nonaqueous solution, the products produced by said method and their use as catalysts 失效通过从非水溶液中低温沉淀制备Ⅷ族致化子的方法，所述方法生产的产物及其用作催化剂
公开(公告)号：US4390514A
公开(公告)日：1983-06-28
申请号：US206053
申请日：1980-11-12
IPC分类号： B01J27/045 , B01J27/057 , C01B17/20 , C01B19/00 , C01G55/00 , C01G1/12
CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 , B01J27/045 , B01J27/0573 , B01J27/0576 , C01B17/20 , C01B19/007 , C01G55/00 , C01P2002/02 , C01P2002/60 , C01P2002/72 , C01P2004/64 , C01P2006/12 , C01P2006/80 , Y10S505/81 , Y10S505/815
摘要： A method is described for the preparation of chalcogenides of ruthenium, rhodium, osmium and iridium transition metals of the Periodic Table of the Elements which comprises mixing in the absence of an aqueous solvent a Group VIII transition metal salt with a source of chalcognide, said chalcogenide being selected from the group consisting of sulfur, selenium, tellurium and mixtures thereof, yielding a precipitate of the formula MX.sub.y wherein M is selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, and osmium and iridium, X is sulfur, selenium, tellurium and mixtures thereof and y is a number ranging from about 0.1 to about 3, preferably 0.1 to about 2.5. By the practice of the nonaqueous synthesis technique, Group VIII chalcogenides are prepared which are finely divided, have a high surface area, small particle size and small crystallite size which are also free of excess sulfur, water and/or hydrolysis products. Layered stoichiometric osmium disulfide is prepared by this technique. The precipitates may be cleaned of any anion salt coproduct by any technique common to the art.Compounds of the formula MX.sub.y thus prepared are superior sulfur-tolerant catalysts in catalytic processes, for example, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, hydroconversion, hydrogenation.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于制备元素周期表的钌，铑，锇和铱过渡金属的硫族化物的方法，该方法包括在不含水溶剂的情况下混合第VIII族过渡金属盐与硫族化合物源，所述硫族化物 选自硫，硒，碲及其混合物，得到式MXy的沉淀物，其中M选自钌，铑，锇和铱，X是硫，硒，碲和混合物 并且y是约0.1至约3，优选0.1至约2.5的数。 通过非水合成技术的实践，制备了细分的，具有高表面积，小颗粒尺寸和小微晶尺寸的第VIII族硫属化物，其也不含过量的硫，水和/或水解产物。 通过该技术制备分层化学计量的二硫化锇。 通过本领域普通技术可以将沉淀物清除任何阴离子盐副产物。 如此制备的式MXy的化合物是催化方法中优异的耐硫催化剂，例如加氢脱硫，加氢脱氮，加氢转化，氢化。
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6.发明授权Method of preparing chalcogenides of group VIII by low temperature precipitation from monaqueous solution, the products produced by said method and their use as catalysts 失效通过从水溶液中低温沉淀制备第Ⅷ族硫族化物的方法，所述方法生产的产物及其用作催化剂
公开(公告)号：US4288422A
公开(公告)日：1981-09-08
申请号：US160106
申请日：1980-06-16
IPC分类号： B01J27/045 , B01J27/057 , C01B19/04 , C01G55/00 , C01G3/12
CPC分类号： C01B19/04 , B01J27/045 , B01J27/0573 , B01J27/0576 , B82Y30/00 , C01G55/00 , C01P2002/02 , C01P2002/22 , C01P2002/60 , C01P2002/77 , C01P2004/64 , C01P2006/12 , C01P2006/80 , Y10S505/81
摘要： A method is described for the preparation of chalcogenides of ruthenium, rhodium, osmium and iridium transition metals of the Periodic Table of the Elements which comprises mixing in the absence of an aqueous solvent a Group VIII transition metal salt with a source of chalcogenide, said chalcogenide being selected from the group consisting of sulfur, selenium, tellurium and mixtures thereof, yielding a precipitate of the formula MX.sub.y wherein M is selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, osmium and iridium, X is sulfur, selenium, tellurium and mixtures thereof and y is a number ranging from about 0.1 to about 3, preferably 0.1 to about 2.5. By the practice of the nonaqueous synthesis technique, Group VIII chalcogenides are prepared which are finely divided, have a high surface area, small particle size and small crystallite size which are also free of excess sulfur, water and/or hydrolysis products. Layered stoichiometric osmium disulfide is prepared by this technique. The precipitates may be cleansed of any anion salt coproduct by any technique common to the art.Compounds of the formula MX.sub.y thus prepared are superior sulfur-tolerant catalysts in catalytic processes, for example, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, hydroconversion, hydrogenation.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于制备元素周期表的钌，铑，锇和铱过渡金属的硫族化物的方法，该方法包括在不存在含水溶剂的情况下混合第VIII族过渡金属盐与硫族化物源，所述硫族化物 选自硫，硒，碲及其混合物，得到式MXy的沉淀物，其中M选自钌，铑，锇和铱，X是硫，硒，碲及其混合物 y为约0.1至约3，优选为0.1至约2.5的数。 通过非水合成技术的实践，制备了细分的，具有高表面积，小颗粒尺寸和小微晶尺寸的第VIII族硫属化物，其也不含过量的硫，水和/或水解产物。 通过该技术制备分层化学计量的二硫化锇。 可以通过本领域普通技术将沉淀物清除任何阴离子盐副产物。 如此制备的式MXy的化合物是催化方法中优异的耐硫催化剂，例如加氢脱硫，加氢脱氮，加氢转化，氢化。
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公开(公告)号：US4208394A
公开(公告)日：1980-06-17
申请号：US637222
申请日：1975-12-03
申请人： Russell R. Chianelli
发明人： Russell R. Chianelli
CPC分类号： H01M4/581 , C01G1/12 , C01G23/007 , C01G33/00
摘要： Sulfides of Group IVb and Vb transition metals are produced by reacting their halides with carbon disulfide. The reactions can be between liquid or gaseous halides and liquid or gaseous carbon disulfide. The reaction products are formed and recovered as solids and the other reaction product, carbon tetrahalide, is carried off as a gas and recovered. A specific example is the production of titanium disulfide by reacting titanium tetrachloride with carbon disulfide.
摘要翻译： 通过使它们的卤化物与二硫化碳反应制备IVb族和Vb族过渡金属的硫化物。 反应可以在液体或气态卤化物与液体或气态二硫化碳之间。 作为固体形成和回收反应产物，另外的反应产物四卤化碳作为气体被排出并回收。 一个具体的例子是通过使四氯化钛与二硫化碳反应来生产二硫化钛。
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8.发明授权Cells having cathodes derived from ammonium-molybdenum-chalcogen compounds 失效具有从钼 - 钼 - 氯化合物衍生的阴极的细胞
公开(公告)号：US4166160A
公开(公告)日：1979-08-28
申请号：US933451
申请日：1978-08-14
CPC分类号： H01M4/581 , C01G39/006 , H01M10/05 , H01M10/052 , H01M4/36 , C01P2002/02 , C01P2006/12 , C01P2006/40 , C01P2006/60
摘要： The present invention is directed to an electric current-producing cell which contains:A cathode having as its cathode-active material one or more compounds selected from:(i) those having the formula:(NH.sub.4).sub.x MoZ.sub.y (1)wherein Z is a chalcogen selected from the group consisting of sulfur, selenium, sulfur-selenium mixtures, sulfur-oxygen mixtures and selenium-oxygen mixtures, wherein x is a numerical value of about 2, and wherein y is a numerical value of about 4;(ii) compounds of the above formula wherein one or more hydrogens is substituted with a radical selected from alkyl radicals having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and alkyl amine radicals having 1 to 20 carbon atoms;(iii) those having the formula:(NH.sub.3 --R--NH.sub.3)MoZ.sub.y (2)wherein R is a methylene radical or a polymethylene radical having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and wherein Z and y are as defined; and,(iv) the amorphous decomposition products of one or more compounds of subparagraphs (i), (ii) and (iii) resulting from the decomposition thereof below about 350.degree. C.
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公开(公告)号：US08956854B2
公开(公告)日：2015-02-17
申请号：US13039853
申请日：2011-03-03
IPC分类号： A61L9/01 , B09B3/00 , B09C1/10 , C02F3/34 , C07C9/04 , C12M1/00 , C10L1/00 , C12P5/02 , H02K7/18
CPC分类号： C07C9/04 , C10L1/00 , C12M1/00 , C12P5/02 , H02K7/18 , Y02E50/343 , Y02P80/21 , Y02W30/20 , Y10S435/822 , Y10S435/946
摘要： A zero-discharge landfill process is disclosed herein. The process described in the present invention recycles the exhaust gases from a combustion engine which reheats the landfill and provides moisture. Additionally, the CO2 from the exhaust gases releases additional methane. Methane production in landfills can thus be enhanced by the method of the present invention. Furthermore, a portion of the exhaust gas can be used to cultivate algae in a cultivation tank. The cultivation of the algal species is enhanced in the presence of water, CO2, CO, and the elevated temperatures. Optionally, a first portion of the cultivated algae can be passed through the landfill to increase methane production in the landfill and a second portion of the cultivated algae can be transferred to a biodiesel production tank, for the conversion of the one or more algal oils and lipids to a biodiesel or a biofuel by a transesterification reaction.
摘要翻译： 这里公开了零排放填埋方法。 本发明中描述的方法从再循环填埋场并提供水分的内燃机中回收废气。 另外，废气中的二氧化碳释放出额外的甲烷。 因此，可以通过本发明的方法来增强填埋场中的甲烷生产。 此外，废气的一部分可用于培养培养罐中的藻类。 在水，CO2，CO和升高的温度下，藻类的培养得到增强。 任选地，培养的藻类的第一部分可以通过填埋场以增加填埋场中的甲烷产生，并且第二部分培养的藻类可以转移到生物柴油生产罐中，以转化一种或多种藻类油，和 脂质通过酯交换反应生物柴油或生物燃料。
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10.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08563595B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-22
申请号：US12618501
申请日：2009-11-13
CPC分类号： A61K33/06 , A61K31/404 , A61K45/06 , A61K2300/00
摘要： The present invention includes compositions and methods for treating disorders of the skin or mucosa resulting from cancer therapies comprising: identifying a patient receiving cancer treatment; and administering to said patient an effective dose of a treated organic/inorganic complex material with an organic dye molecule or derivative thereof, in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
摘要翻译： 本发明包括用于治疗由癌症治疗产生的皮肤或粘膜疾病的组合物和方法，包括：鉴定接受癌症治疗的患者; 并且在药学上可接受的载体中向所述患者施用有效剂量的经处理的有机/无机复合材料与有机染料分子或其衍生物。
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