公开(公告)号：US09274001B2

公开(公告)日：2016-03-01

申请号：US13574484

申请日：2011-01-24

申请人： Adam Wax ,  Robert N. Graf ,  Francisco E. Robles

发明人： Adam Wax ,  Robert N. Graf ,  Francisco E. Robles

IPC分类号： G01J3/45 ,  G01B9/02 ,  G01N21/49 ,  G01J3/453

CPC分类号： G01J3/453 ,  G01B9/02044 ,  G01B9/02084 ,  G01B9/02087 ,  G01B9/02091 ,  G01J3/45 ,  G01J2003/4538 ,  G01N21/49

摘要： Current apparatuses and methods for analysis of spectroscopic optical coherence tomography (SOCT) signals suffer from an inherent tradeoff between time (depth) and frequency (wavelength) resolution. In one non-limiting embodiment, multiple or dual window (DW) apparatuses and methods for reconstructing time-frequency distributions (TFDs) that applies two windows that independently determine the optical and temporal resolution is provided. For example, optical resolution may relate to scattering information about a sample, and temporal resolution may be related to absorption or depth related information. The effectiveness of the apparatuses and methods is demonstrated in simulations and in processing of measured OCT signals that contain fields which vary in time and frequency. The DW technique may yield TFDs that maintain high spectral and temporal resolution and are free from the artifacts and limitations commonly observed with other processing methods.

摘要翻译： 分光光学相干断层扫描（SOCT）信号的分析的现有装置和方法遭受时间（深度）和频率（波长）分辨率之间固有的折中。 在一个非限制性实施例中，提供了用于重建施加独立地确定光学和时间分辨率的两个窗口的时间频率分布（TFD）的多重或双窗口（DW）装置和方法。 例如，光学分辨率可以涉及关于样本的散射信息，并且时间分辨率可以与吸收或深度相关信息相关。 在模拟和处理包含在时间和频率上变化的场的测量的OCT信号中证明了装置和方法的有效性。 DW技术可以产生维持高光谱和时间分辨率的TFD，并且不存在通常用其它处理方法观察到的伪像和限制。

公开(公告)号：US20130135614A1

公开(公告)日：2013-05-30

申请号：US13574484

申请日：2011-01-24

申请人： Adam Wax ,  Robert N. Graf ,  Francisco E. Robles

发明人： Adam Wax ,  Robert N. Graf ,  Francisco E. Robles

IPC分类号： G01B9/02

CPC分类号： G01J3/453 ,  G01B9/02044 ,  G01B9/02084 ,  G01B9/02087 ,  G01B9/02091 ,  G01J3/45 ,  G01J2003/4538 ,  G01N21/49

摘要： Current apparatuses and methods for analysis of spectroscopic optical coherence tomography (SOCT) signals suffer from an inherent tradeoff between time (depth) and frequency (wavelength) resolution. In one non-limiting embodiment, multiple or dual window (DW) apparatuses and methods for reconstructing time-frequency distributions (TFDs) that applies two windows that independently determine the optical and temporal resolution is provided. For example, optical resolution may relate to scattering information about a sample, and temporal resolution may be related to absorption or depth related information. The effectiveness of the apparatuses and methods is demonstrated in simulations and in processing of measured OCT signals that contain fields which vary in time and frequency. The DW technique may yield TFDs that maintain high spectral and temporal resolution and are free from the artifacts and limitations commonly observed with other processing methods.

摘要翻译： 分光光学相干断层扫描（SOCT）信号的分析的现有装置和方法遭受时间（深度）和频率（波长）分辨率之间固有的折中。 在一个非限制性实施例中，提供了用于重建施加独立地确定光学和时间分辨率的两个窗口的时间频率分布（TFD）的多重或双窗口（DW）装置和方法。 例如，光学分辨率可以涉及关于样本的散射信息，并且时间分辨率可以与吸收或深度相关信息相关。 在模拟和处理包含在时间和频率上变化的场的测量的OCT信号中证明了装置和方法的有效性。 DW技术可以产生维持高光谱和时间分辨率的TFD，并且不存在通常用其它处理方法观察到的伪像和限制。

公开(公告)号：US20110157596A1

公开(公告)日：2011-06-30

申请号：US13042672

申请日：2011-03-08

申请人： Adam Wax ,  John W. Pyhtila

发明人： Adam Wax ,  John W. Pyhtila

IPC分类号： G01J3/45 ,  G01B9/02

CPC分类号： A61B5/0084 ,  A61B1/00165 ,  A61B1/00172 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  G01B9/02043 ,  G01B9/02044 ,  G01B9/02084 ,  G01B9/02087 ,  G01B9/0209 ,  G01B9/02091 ,  G01J3/45 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/4795 ,  G01N2021/4704 ,  G01N2021/4709 ,  G01N2021/4735 ,  G01N2201/08

摘要： Fourier domain a/LCI (faLCI) system and method which enables in vivo data acquisition at rapid rates using a single scan. Angle-resolved and depth-resolved spectra information is obtained with one scan. The reference arm can remain fixed with respect to the sample due to only one scan required. A reference signal and a reflected sample signal are cross-correlated and dispersed at a multitude of reflected angles off of the sample, thereby representing reflections from a multitude of points on the sample at the same time in parallel. Information about all depths of the sample at each of the multitude of different points on the sample can be obtained with one scan on the order of approximately 40 milliseconds. From the spatial, cross-correlated reference signal, structural (size) information can also be obtained using techniques that allow size information of scatterers to be obtained from angle-resolved data.

摘要翻译： 傅里叶域a / LCI（faLCI）系统和方法，使用单次扫描能够以快速的速率进行体内数据采集。 通过一次扫描获得角度分辨和深度分辨的光谱信息。 由于仅需要一次扫描，参考臂可以相对于样品保持固定。 参考信号和反射的采样信号以相对于样本的多个反射角度相互相关并分散，从而同时并行地表示来自样品上的多个点的反射。 可以通过大约40毫秒量级的一次扫描获得关于样本上多个不同点的每个样本的所有深度的信息。 从空间相互关联的参考信号，也可以使用允许从角度分辨数据获得散射体的尺寸信息的技术来获得结构（尺寸）信息。

公开(公告)号：US07595889B2

公开(公告)日：2009-09-29

申请号：US11548468

申请日：2006-10-11

申请人： Adam Wax ,  John W. Pyhtila

发明人： Adam Wax ,  John W. Pyhtila

IPC分类号： G01B9/02 ,  G01J3/45 ,  G01B11/02

CPC分类号： G01J3/4412 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/0084 ,  A61B5/7257 ,  G01B9/02044 ,  G01B9/02084 ,  G01B9/02087 ,  G01B9/0209 ,  G01J3/4531 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/4795 ,  G01N2021/4704 ,  G01N2021/4709 ,  G01N2021/4735 ,  G01N2201/08

摘要： Fourier domain a/LCI (faLCI) system and method which enables in vivo data acquisition at rapid rates using a single scan. Angle-resolved and depth-resolved spectra information is obtained with one scan. The reference arm can remain fixed with respect to the sample due to only one scan required. A reference signal and a reflected sample signal are cross-correlated and dispersed at a multitude of reflected angles off of the sample, thereby representing reflections from a multitude of points on the sample at the same time in parallel. Information about all depths of the sample at each of the multitude of different points on the sample can be obtained with one scan on the order of approximately 40 milliseconds. From the spatial, cross-correlated reference signal, structural (size) information can also be obtained using techniques that allow size information of scatterers to be obtained from angle-resolved data.

摘要翻译： 傅里叶域a / LCI（faLCI）系统和方法，使用单次扫描能够以快速的速率进行体内数据采集。 通过一次扫描获得角度分辨和深度分辨的光谱信息。 由于仅需要一次扫描，参考臂可以相对于样品保持固定。 参考信号和反射的采样信号以相对于样本的多个反射角度相互相关并分散，从而同时并行地表示来自样品上的多个点的反射。 可以通过大约40毫秒量级的一次扫描获得关于样本上多个不同点的每个样本的所有深度的信息。 从空间相互关联的参考信号，也可以使用允许从角度分辨数据获得散射体的尺寸信息的技术来获得结构（尺寸）信息。

公开(公告)号：US20090073456A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-19

申请号：US12210620

申请日：2008-09-15

申请人： Adam Wax ,  William J. Brown

发明人： Adam Wax ,  William J. Brown

IPC分类号： G01B9/02

CPC分类号： G01B9/0209 ,  A61B5/0059 ,  G01B9/02004 ,  G01B9/02043 ,  G01B9/02084 ,  G01B9/02088 ,  G01N21/4795

摘要： Embodiments described herein involve low-coherence interferometry (LCI) techniques which enable acquisition of structural and depth information regarding a sample of interest. In one embodiment, a “swept-source” (SS) light source is used in LCI to obtain structural and depth information about a sample. The swept-source light source can be used to generate a reference signal and a signal directed towards a sample. Light scattered from the sample is returned as a result and mixed with the reference signal to achieve interference and thus provide structural information regarding the sample. Depth information about the sample can be obtained using Fourier domain concepts as well as time domain techniques. Several LCI embodiments employing a swept-source light source are disclosed herein. In another embodiment disclosed herein, an a/LCI system and method is provided that is based on a time domain system and employs a broadband light source. The systems and processes disclosed herein can be used for biomedical applications, including measuring cellular morphology in tissues and in vitro as well as diagnosing intraepithelial neoplasia, and assessing the efficacy of chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents.

摘要翻译： 本文描述的实施例涉及低相干干涉测量（LCI）技术，其能够获取关于感兴趣的样本的结构和深度信息。 在一个实施例中，在LCI中使用“扫频源”（SS）光源以获得关于样本的结构和深度信息。 扫描光源可用于产生参考信号和指向样品的信号。 作为结果返回从样品散射的光，并与参考信号混合以实现干扰，从而提供关于样品的结构信息。 可以使用傅里叶域概念以及时域技术获得关于样本的深度信息。 本文公开了采用扫频源光源的几个LCI实施例。 在本文公开的另一实施例中，提供了基于时域系统并采用宽带光源的a / LCI系统和方法。 本文公开的系统和方法可用于生物医学应用，包括测量组织和体外的细胞形态，以及诊断上皮内瘤变，以及评估化学预防和化学治疗剂的功效。

公开(公告)号：US20070133002A1

公开(公告)日：2007-06-14

申请号：US11548468

申请日：2006-10-11

申请人： Adam Wax ,  John Pyhtila

发明人： Adam Wax ,  John Pyhtila

IPC分类号： G01B9/02 ,  G01B11/02 ,  G01J3/45

CPC分类号： G01J3/4412 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/0084 ,  A61B5/7257 ,  G01B9/02044 ,  G01B9/02084 ,  G01B9/02087 ,  G01B9/0209 ,  G01J3/4531 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/4795 ,  G01N2021/4704 ,  G01N2021/4709 ,  G01N2021/4735 ,  G01N2201/08

摘要： Fourier domain a/LCI (faLCI) system and method which enables in vivo data acquisition at rapid rates using a single scan. Angle-resolved and depth-resolved spectra information is obtained with one scan. The reference arm can remain fixed with respect to the sample due to only one scan required. A reference signal and a reflected sample signal are cross-correlated and dispersed at a multitude of reflected angles off of the sample, thereby representing reflections from a multitude of points on the sample at the same time in parallel. Information about all depths of the sample at each of the multitude of different points on the sample can be obtained with one scan on the order of approximately 40 milliseconds. From the spatial, cross-correlated reference signal, structural (size) information can also be obtained using techniques that allow size information of scatterers to be obtained from angle-resolved data.

摘要翻译： 傅里叶域a / LCI（faLCI）系统和方法，使用单次扫描能够以快速的速率进行体内数据采集。 通过一次扫描获得角度分辨和深度分辨的光谱信息。 由于仅需要一次扫描，参考臂可以相对于样品保持固定。 参考信号和反射的采样信号以相对于样本的多个反射角度相互相关并分散，从而同时并行地表示来自样品上的多个点的反射。 可以通过大约40毫秒量级的一次扫描获得关于样本上多个不同点的每个样本的所有深度的信息。 从空间相互关联的参考信号，也可以使用允许从角度分辨数据获得散射体的尺寸信息的技术来获得结构（尺寸）信息。

公开(公告)号：US06934035B2

公开(公告)日：2005-08-23

申请号：US10024455

申请日：2001-12-18

申请人： Changhuei Yang ,  Adam Wax ,  Ramachandra R. Dasari ,  Michael S. Feld

发明人： Changhuei Yang ,  Adam Wax ,  Ramachandra R. Dasari ,  Michael S. Feld

IPC分类号： A61B3/10 ,  G01B9/02 ,  G01B11/00 ,  G01B11/02 ,  G01J9/04 ,  G01N21/17 ,  G01N21/45

CPC分类号： G01B9/02007 ,  G01B9/02002 ,  G01B9/02078 ,  G01B9/0209 ,  G01B2290/45 ,  G01J9/04 ,  G01N21/45

摘要： The methods of the present invention are directed at an accurate phase-based technique for measuring arbitrarily long optical distances with sub-nanometer precision. A preferred embodiment of the present invention method employs a interferometer, for example, a Michelson interferometer, with a pair of harmonically related light sources, one continuous wave (CW) and a second source having low coherence. By slightly adjusting the center wavelength of the low coherence source between scans of the target sample, the phase relationship between the heterodyne signals of the CW and low coherence light is used to measure the separation between reflecting interfaces with sub-nanometer precision. As the preferred embodiment of this method is completely free of 2π ambiguity, an issue that plagues most phase-based techniques, it can be used to measure arbitrarily long optical distances without loss of precision.

摘要翻译： 本发明的方法涉及用于以亚纳米精度测量任意长的光学距离的精确的基于相位的技术。 本发明方法的优选实施例采用干涉仪，例如迈克尔逊干涉仪，具有一对谐波相关的光源，一个连续波（CW）和具有低相干性的第二源。 通过在目标样本的扫描之间稍微调整低相干光源的中心波长，使用CW的外差信号与低相干光之间的相位关系来测量具有亚纳米精度的反射界面之间的距离。 由于该方法的优选实施例完全不存在2pi模糊度，这是一种困扰大多数基于相位的技术的问题，可以用于测量任意长的光学距离而不损失精度。

公开(公告)号：US08537366B2

公开(公告)日：2013-09-17

申请号：US13042672

申请日：2011-03-08

申请人： Adam Wax ,  John W. Pyhtila

发明人： Adam Wax ,  John W. Pyhtila

IPC分类号： G01B9/02 ,  G01J3/45

CPC分类号： A61B5/0084 ,  A61B1/00165 ,  A61B1/00172 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  G01B9/02043 ,  G01B9/02044 ,  G01B9/02084 ,  G01B9/02087 ,  G01B9/0209 ,  G01B9/02091 ,  G01J3/45 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/4795 ,  G01N2021/4704 ,  G01N2021/4709 ,  G01N2021/4735 ,  G01N2201/08

摘要： Fourier domain a/LCI (faLCI) system and method which enables in vivo data acquisition at rapid rates using a single scan. Angle-resolved and depth-resolved spectra information is obtained with one scan. The reference arm can remain fixed with respect to the sample due to only one scan required. A reference signal and a reflected sample signal are cross-correlated and dispersed at a multitude of reflected angles off of the sample, thereby representing reflections from a multitude of points on the sample at the same time in parallel. Information about all depths of the sample at each of the multitude of different points on the sample can be obtained with one scan on the order of approximately 40 milliseconds. From the spatial, cross-correlated reference signal, structural (size) information can also be obtained using techniques that allow size information of scatterers to be obtained from angle-resolved data.

公开(公告)号：US08508746B2

公开(公告)日：2013-08-13

申请号：US13072294

申请日：2011-03-25

申请人： Adam Wax ,  Yizheng Zhu ,  Natan Tzvi Shaked

发明人： Adam Wax ,  Yizheng Zhu ,  Natan Tzvi Shaked

IPC分类号： G01B9/021

CPC分类号： G01B9/02024 ,  G01B9/02047 ,  G01B9/02057

摘要： Disclosed herein are interferometric systems having reflective chambers and related methods. According to an aspect, an interferometric system may include a light source for generating an illumination beam that propagates towards a sample. A sample holder may hold the sample and include a partially reflective cover for allowing a first portion of the illumination beam to pass therethrough to interact with the sample to produce a sample beam that propagates substantially along an optical axis. The cover may be oriented at an angle for reflecting a second portion of the illumination beam to produce a reference beam that propagates at a predetermined angle with respect to the optical axis. An imaging module may redirect the reference beam towards the optical axis at a detection plane. A detector may intercept the sample and reference beams and may generate a holographic representation of the sample based on the beams.

摘要翻译： 本文公开了具有反射室和相关方法的干涉系统。 根据一个方面，干涉仪系统可以包括用于产生向样品传播的照明光束的光源。 样品保持器可以保持样品并且包括部分反射的盖，用于允许照明光束的第一部分通过其与样品相互作用以产生基本上沿着光轴传播的样品光束。 盖可以以一定角度定向以反射照明光束的第二部分，以产生相对于光轴以预定角度传播的参考光束。 成像模块可以将参考光束在检测平面处朝向光轴重定向。 检测器可以截取样本和参考光束，并可以基于光束产生样本的全息图。

公开(公告)号：USRE42497E1

公开(公告)日：2011-06-28

申请号：US12205248

申请日：2008-09-05

申请人： Adam Wax

发明人： Adam Wax

IPC分类号： G01B9/02

CPC分类号： G01N15/0211

摘要： An apparatus and method for obtaining depth-resolved spectra for the purpose of determining the size of scatterers by measuring their elastic scattering properties. Depth resolution is achieved by using a white light source in a Michelson interferometer and dispersing a mixed signal and reference fields. The measured spectrum is Fourier transformed to obtain an axial spatial cross-correlation between the signal and reference fields with near 1 μm depth-resolution. The spectral dependence of scattering by the sample is determined by windowing the spectrum to measure the scattering amplitude as a function of wavenumber.

摘要翻译： 用于通过测量其弹性散射特性来确定散射体尺寸的目的，获得深度分辨光谱的装置和方法。 通过在迈克尔逊干涉仪中使用白光源并分散混合信号和参考场来实现深度分辨率。 测量光谱进行傅里叶变换，以获得具有近1μm深度分辨率的信号和参考场之间的轴向空间互相关。 样品散射的光谱依赖性通过加窗光谱来测定散射振幅，作为波数的函数来确定。