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公开(公告)号：US4942442A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-17
申请号：US346384
申请日：1989-04-27
IPC分类号： G01T1/24 , G01T1/29 , H01L31/02 , H01L31/101 , H01L31/115
CPC分类号： H01L31/101 , G01T1/24 , G01T1/2928 , H01L31/02024 , H01L31/115
摘要： Radiation-induced effects discovered in layered structures of conductor and semiconductor materials are utilized in radiation-sensitive devices such as, e.g., highly linear as well as highly nonlinear position sensors. Such devices includes a structure of alternating layers of conductor and semiconductor materials, and electrical contacts are provided between which a radiation-induced voltage appears. Among suitable layer materials are silicon and titanium, and resulting devices are sensitive to electromagnetic as well as to particle radiation.
摘要翻译： 导体和半导体材料的分层结构中发现的辐射诱发效应被用于辐射敏感的装置，例如高度线性的以及高度非线性的位置传感器。 这样的器件包括交替的导体和半导体材料层的结构，并且在其之间提供电触点，其中出现辐射感应电压。 在合适的层材料中有硅和钛，所得到的器件对电磁和粒子辐射敏感。
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公开(公告)号：US4599632A
公开(公告)日：1986-07-08
申请号：US412786
申请日：1982-08-30
IPC分类号： H01L31/04 , H01L31/065 , H01L31/10 , H01L31/109 , H01L27/14
CPC分类号： H01L31/065 , H01L31/109 , Y02E10/50
摘要： A photodetector having a graded bandgap region is an ultrahigh speed photodetector when operated at zero bias.
摘要翻译： 具有渐变带隙区域的光电检测器是以零偏压运行时的超高速光电检测器。
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公开(公告)号：US4894526A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-16
申请号：US97567
申请日：1987-09-15
IPC分类号： G01J1/02 , H01L31/0264 , H01L31/0352 , H01L31/09 , H01L31/10 , H01L31/101
CPC分类号： B82Y20/00 , H01L31/035236 , H01L31/101
摘要： A narrow-bandwidth, high-speed infrared radiation detector is based on tunneling of photo-excited electrons out of quantum wells. Infrared radiation incident on a superlattice of doped quantum wells gives rise to intersubband resonance radiation which excites electrons from the ground state into an excited state. A photocurrent results from excited electrons tunneling out of quantum wells. Conveniently, Group III-V materials can be used in device manufacture. Preferably, quantum well potential barriers are shaped so as to facilitate resonant tunneling of photocurrents as compared with dark current. Preferred device operation is at elevated bias voltage, giving rise to enhancement of photocurrent by a quantum-well-avalanche effect.
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公开(公告)号：US4199698A
公开(公告)日：1980-04-22
申请号：US967688
申请日：1978-12-08
CPC分类号： G02F1/3611
摘要： Nonlinear devices using 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline are described. Devices using 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline as the active element include second harmonic generators, optical mixers and parametric oscillators which can be operated under phasematched conditions.
摘要翻译： 描述了使用2-甲基-4-硝基苯胺的非线性装置。 使用2-甲基-4-硝基苯胺作为有源元件的器件包括二次谐波发生器，光学混合器和可在相位条件下操作的参数振荡器。
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5.发明授权Quantum-well radiation-interactive device, and methods of radiation detection and modulation 失效量子阱辐射交互装置，以及辐射检测和调制方法
公开(公告)号：US5023685A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-11
申请号：US361879
申请日：1989-06-06
IPC分类号： H01L25/04 , H01L27/148
CPC分类号： B82Y20/00 , H01L25/043 , H01L27/14812 , H01L27/14868 , H01L27/14875 , H01L2924/0002
摘要： Electromagnetic radiation such as, in particular, infrared radiation is detected opto-electronically by means of a superlattice structure forming quantum wells having a single bound state; in the interest of minimizing dark-current, relatively wide barriers are used between quantum wells. Resulting highly sensitive, high-speed detectors can be used in optical communications, for terrain mapping, and for infrared viewing. Furthermore, upon application of a variable electrical potential across the superlattice structure, radiation traversing such structure can be modulated.
摘要翻译： 通过形成具有单一结合状态的量子阱的超晶格结构以光电子方式检测电磁辐射，特别是红外辐射; 为了最小化暗电流，在量子阱之间使用相对较宽的屏障。 因此，高灵敏度的高速探测器可用于光通信，地形测绘和红外观测。 此外，当在超晶格结构上施加可变电位时，可以调制穿过这种结构的辐射。
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6.发明授权Devices using avalanche photodiode and capable of detecting a small number of photons 失效使用雪崩光电二极管并能够检测少量光子的器件
公开(公告)号：US4754131A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-28
申请号：US814962
申请日：1985-12-31
申请人： Clyde G. Bethea , Barry F. Levine
发明人： Clyde G. Bethea , Barry F. Levine
CPC分类号： H01L31/02027
摘要： An avalanche photodetector having separate absorption and multiplication regions comprising Group III-V compound semiconductors is useful as a detector of small numbers of photons when it is operated with an above threshold bias voltage at ambient temperature.
摘要翻译： 具有包含III-V族化合物半导体的分离的吸收和倍增区的雪崩光电探测器在环境温度下以上述阈值偏置电压操作时可用作少量光子的检测器。
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公开(公告)号：US4739385A
公开(公告)日：1988-04-19
申请号：US5357
申请日：1987-01-12
申请人： Clyde G. Bethea , Chung Y. Chen , Alfred Y. Cho
发明人： Clyde G. Bethea , Chung Y. Chen , Alfred Y. Cho
IPC分类号： H01L31/112 , H01L29/80 , H01L29/14 , H01L29/40 , H01L31/10
CPC分类号： H01L31/1123
摘要： A modulation-doped field effect photodetector has a fast response time.
摘要翻译： 调制掺杂场效应光电检测器具有快速响应时间。
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8.发明授权Method of making a semiconductor device including infrared imaging, and apparatus for use in the imaging 失效制造包括红外成像的半导体器件的方法和用于成像的装置
公开(公告)号：US5396068A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-07
申请号：US40328
申请日：1993-03-30
申请人： Clyde G. Bethea
发明人： Clyde G. Bethea
CPC分类号： G01R31/308 , G01N21/88 , H01L22/12 , H01S5/0014 , H01S5/0224 , H01S5/02272
摘要： The inventive methods of making a semiconductor device, e.g., a laser, comprise thermal (e.g., 3-5 .mu.m wavelength) imaging of a powered, partially completed device. The thermal image is obtained with apparatus that is capable of forming a substantially diffraction-limited image on a sensor array with an acquisition time of no more than 0.1 seconds, preferable no more than 0.01 seconds. In preferred embodiments, the image has temperature resolution of 0.01.degree. C. or better. Exemplary apparatus is disclosed. The inventive method facilitates, for instance, early identification of devices that are likely to fail lifetime requirements.
摘要翻译： 制造半导体器件（例如激光器）的本发明方法包括有功，部分完成的器件的热（例如3-5μm波长）成像。 利用能够在传感器阵列上形成基本上衍射受限图像的装置获得热图像，其采集时间不超过0.1秒，优选不大于0.01秒。 在优选实施例中，图像具有0.01℃或更高的温度分辨率。 公开了示例性设备。 本发明的方法有助于例如早期识别可能失效寿命要求的装置。
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公开(公告)号：US3935472A
公开(公告)日：1976-01-27
申请号：US558424
申请日：1975-03-14
CPC分类号： G02F1/377 , G02F2001/3546
摘要： An optically nonlinear liquid thin film in a thin film optical waveguide is utilized in order to produce optical parametric interactions such as second harmonic generation. Optimization (tuning) of parametric output by "phase matching" is achieved by means of an electric field which is set up in the liquid film, the field having a spatial periodicity along the propagation direction of the optical waves in the thin film. Alternative or further optimization of parametric output is achieved by varying the thickness of the liquid film in situ.
摘要翻译： 利用薄膜光波导中的光学非线性液体薄膜来产生诸如二次谐波产生之类的光学参数相互作用。 通过在液膜中设置的电场实现“相位匹配”的参数输出的优化（调谐），该场具有沿着薄膜中的光波传播方向的空间周期性。 参数输出的替代或进一步优化是通过原位改变液膜的厚度来实现的。
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