公开(公告)号：US20060266659A1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-30

申请号：US11483448

申请日：2006-07-10

申请人： Da Wang ,  Walter Symons ,  Robert Farhat ,  Carlos Valdes ,  Elizabeth Briggs ,  Kaius Polikarpus ,  Joachim Kupe

发明人： Da Wang ,  Walter Symons ,  Robert Farhat ,  Carlos Valdes ,  Elizabeth Briggs ,  Kaius Polikarpus ,  Joachim Kupe

IPC分类号： G01F1/64 ,  G01N27/26

CPC分类号： G01N33/0054 ,  G01N27/4074 ,  Y02A50/246

摘要： One embodiment of an ammonia gas sensor includes: a reference electrode, an ammonia selective sensing electrode and an electrolyte disposed therebetween. The sensing electrode comprises the reaction product of a main material selected from the group consisting of vanadium, tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium oxides, tungsten oxides, molybdenum oxides, and combinations comprising at least one of the foregoing main materials, and an electrically conducting material selected from the group consisting of electrically conductive metals, electrically conductive metal oxides, and combinations comprising at least one of the foregoing.

摘要翻译： 氨气传感器的一个实施例包括：参比电极，氨选择性感测电极和设置在其间的电解质。 感测电极包括选自钒，钨，钼，氧化钒，氧化钨，氧化钼以及包含至少一种前述主要材料的组合的主要材料的反应产物和选择的导电材料 来自由导电金属，导电金属氧化物组成的组，以及包含前述的至少一种的组合。

公开(公告)号：US20070026285A1

公开(公告)日：2007-02-01

申请号：US11192221

申请日：2005-07-28

申请人： Da Wang ,  Walter Symons ,  Robert Farhat ,  Elizabeth Briggs ,  Joachim Kupe

发明人： Da Wang ,  Walter Symons ,  Robert Farhat ,  Elizabeth Briggs ,  Joachim Kupe

IPC分类号： H01M8/12 ,  C04B35/64

CPC分类号： H01M8/1246 ,  C04B35/486 ,  C04B35/6262 ,  C04B2235/3208 ,  C04B2235/3217 ,  C04B2235/3222 ,  C04B2235/3286 ,  C04B2235/5436 ,  C04B2235/604 ,  C04B2235/6567 ,  C04B2235/77 ,  C04B2235/96 ,  C25B9/08 ,  C25B13/04 ,  H01M8/1253 ,  H01M2300/0074 ,  Y02E60/525 ,  Y02P70/56

摘要： Disclosed herein are electrochemical cells comprising a first electrode, a second electrode, and a solid oxide electrolyte disposed between and in ionic communication with the first electrode and the second electrode. The solid oxide electrolyte comprises the reaction product of a solid oxide electrolyte material, an aliovalent cation dopant, and a sintering aid selected from the group consisting of Al2O3, Ca2Al2O5, and combinations comprising at least one of the foregoing. The electrochemical cells can be utilized water electrolyzers, hydrogen pumps and for various gas sensing cells, SOFCs, and the like.

摘要翻译： 本文公开了包含第一电极，第二电极和设置在第一电极和第二电极之间且与第一电极和第二电极离子连通的固体氧化物电解质的电化学电池。 固体氧化物电解质包括固体氧化物电解质材料，二价阳离子掺杂剂和选自Al 2 O 3 3，Ca 以及包含前述的至少一种的组合。 电化学电池可以使用水电解器，氢泵和各种气体感测单元，SOFC等。

公开(公告)号：US20070045114A1

公开(公告)日：2007-03-01

申请号：US11218152

申请日：2005-09-01

申请人： Da Wang ,  Walter Symons ,  Robert Farhat ,  Sheng Yao ,  Joachim Kupe

发明人： Da Wang ,  Walter Symons ,  Robert Farhat ,  Sheng Yao ,  Joachim Kupe

IPC分类号： G01N27/26

CPC分类号： G01N27/4074 ,  C03C3/091 ,  C03C8/14 ,  F01N2560/021 ,  F01N2610/02 ,  G01N33/0054 ,  Y02A50/246

摘要： A sensor including a species selective electrode and a reference electrode having an electrolyte layer disposed therebetween; a reference gas channel in fluid communication with the reference electrode; a heater and a temperature sensor; wherein the species selective electrode is disposed on a first side of an insulating layer separating the species selective electrode from the electrolyte layer, the insulating layer having a first substantially solid area and a second area having an opening pattern extending through the insulating layer; the species selective electrode comprising a species sensing electrode portion disposed on the opening pattern of the insulating layer so as to contact the electrolyte layer through the opening pattern and a non-active electrode lead portion disposed over the first substantially solid area so that the non-active electrode lead portion is in electrical communication with the species sensing electrode portion and is free from contact with the electrolyte layer.

摘要翻译： 一种传感器，包括种类选择性电极和参考电极，其间设置有电解质层; 与参比电极流体连通的参考气体通道; 加热器和温度传感器; 其中所述物质选择电极设置在绝缘层的第一侧，所述绝缘层将所述物质选择性电极与所述电解质层分离，所述绝缘层具有第一基本上固体区域和具有延伸穿过所述绝缘层的开口图案的第二区域; 所述物质选择电极包括设置在所述绝缘层的开口图案上的物种感测电极部分，以便通过所述开口图案接触所述电解质层，以及设置在所述第一基本上固体区域上的非有效电极引线部分， 有源电极引线部分与物种感测电极部分电连通并且不与电解质层接触。

公开(公告)号：US20070080075A1

公开(公告)日：2007-04-12

申请号：US11538252

申请日：2006-10-03

申请人： Da Wang ,  Walter Symons ,  Robert Farhat ,  Sheng Yao ,  Joachim Kupe

发明人： Da Wang ,  Walter Symons ,  Robert Farhat ,  Sheng Yao ,  Joachim Kupe

IPC分类号： G01F1/64 ,  G01N27/26

CPC分类号： G01N33/0037 ,  G01N27/4074 ,  Y02A50/245

摘要： Disclosed herein are NOx sensors and methods of using the same. In one embodiment, a method for sensing NOx comprises: contacting a first NOx electrode with the gas, contacting a second NOx electrode with the gas, determining a NO2 emf between the first NOX electrode and a first reference electrode, determining a NOx emf between the second NOx electrode and a second reference electrode, and determining a NO2 concentration and a NO concentration using the NO2 emf and the NOx emf. The first electrode can be at a first temperature of greater than or equal to about 700 ° C., and the second electrode can be at a second temperature of about 500 ° C. to about 650 ° C.

摘要翻译： 本文公开了NOx传感器及其使用方法。 在一个实施例中，用于感测NOx的方法包括：使第一NOx电极与气体接触，使第二NOx电极与气体接触，确定第一NO x电极和第一参考电极之间的NO 2 电极，确定第二NOx电极和第二参比电极之间的NOx电动势，以及使用NO 2 2 emf和NO x emf确定NO 2浓度和NO浓度 。 第一电极可以处于大于或等于约700℃的第一温度，并且第二电极可以处于约500℃至约650℃的第二温度。

公开(公告)号：US20060151338A1

公开(公告)日：2006-07-13

申请号：US11034125

申请日：2005-01-12

申请人： Da Wang ,  Walter Symons ,  Robert Farhat ,  Joachim Kupe ,  David Ehle ,  Alfred Webster ,  Paul Kikuchi

发明人： Da Wang ,  Walter Symons ,  Robert Farhat ,  Joachim Kupe ,  David Ehle ,  Alfred Webster ,  Paul Kikuchi

IPC分类号： G01F1/64 ,  G01N27/26

CPC分类号： G01N27/4071 ,  G01N27/4075

摘要： A gas sensor system includes an ammonia-sensing cell for generating a signal upon exposure to an unknown gas comprising ammonia, an A/F cell for generating a signal upon exposure to hydrocarbons in the gas, a heater in thermal communication with the cells and a housing in which the cells and the heater are mounted. The housing permits an unknown gas to flow therethrough for contact with the cells, and there is a sensor control circuit in communication with the cells. The sensor control circuit is configured to utilize the signals from the cells to generate an ammonia concentration signal indicating the concentration of ammonia in the unknown gas. Ammonia may be sensed in an unknown gas by heating such cells to selected working temperatures, exposing them to an unknown gas, obtaining signals from the cells, and using the cell signals to determine the ammonia content.

摘要翻译： 气体传感器系统包括用于在暴露于包含氨的未知气体时产生信号的氨感测单元，用于在暴露于气体中的烃时产生信号的A / F单元，与单元热连通的加热器 安装电池和加热器的外壳。 壳体允许未知气体流过其中以与电池接触，并且存在与电池连通的传感器控制电路。 传感器控制电路被配置为利用来自单元的信号产生指示未知气体中的氨浓度的氨浓度信号。 可以通过将这样的细胞加热至选定的工作温度，将其暴露于未知气体，从细胞获得信号，并使用细胞信号来确定氨含量，可以在未知气体中感测氨。

公开(公告)号：US20070125647A1

公开(公告)日：2007-06-07

申请号：US11292179

申请日：2005-12-01

申请人： Da Wang ,  Walter Symons ,  Robert Farhat ,  John Kirwan ,  Joachim Kupe ,  Kenneth Mowery

发明人： Da Wang ,  Walter Symons ,  Robert Farhat ,  John Kirwan ,  Joachim Kupe ,  Kenneth Mowery

IPC分类号： G01N27/26

CPC分类号： G01N27/419 ,  H01M8/04089 ,  H01M8/0618

摘要： A sensor includes an oxygen pump cell; an oxygen pump chamber; an emf cell; a reference chamber providing a fluid connection to the reference gas; gas channels in fluid communication with the pump and emf electrodes, the reference gas comprising reformate produced by a fuel reformer fueled by an air-fuel gas mixture having an air-fuel ratio; a reformer electronic control module; a sensor electronic control module; a heater; a temperature sensor disposed in communication with the heater and the sensor control module for maintaining the sensor at a desired operating temperature; a closed loop controlled operation amplifier in electrical communication with the sensor, whereby the oxygen pump cell provides sufficient oxygen ions to oxidize an incoming diffusion-limiting fuel flux to the emf cell and maintain a constant emf at the emf cell, and wherein a current value represents an equivalent to the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel gas mixture.

摘要翻译： 传感器包括氧气泵电池; 氧气泵室; 电磁场; 提供与参考气体的流体连接的参考室; 与泵和emf电极流体连通的气体通道，所述参考气体包括由具有空燃比的空气 - 燃料气体混合物燃料的燃料重整器产生的重整产物; 重整器电子控制模块; 传感器电子控制模块; 加热器 与所述加热器和所述传感器控制模块连通的温度传感器，用于将所述传感器保持在期望的工作温度; 与所述传感器电连通的闭环控制运算放大器，由此所述氧泵单元提供足够的氧离子以将进入的扩散限制性燃料通量氧化到所述电磁室并且在所述电磁场处保持恒定的电动势，并且其中电流值 表示空气 - 燃料气体混合物的空燃比。

公开(公告)号：US20060213772A1

公开(公告)日：2006-09-28

申请号：US11086225

申请日：2005-03-22

申请人： Kailash Jain ,  Carlos Valdes ,  Da Wang ,  David Wallace ,  Paul Kikuchi ,  Raymond Bloink ,  Walter Symons

发明人： Kailash Jain ,  Carlos Valdes ,  Da Wang ,  David Wallace ,  Paul Kikuchi ,  Raymond Bloink ,  Walter Symons

IPC分类号： G01N27/26

CPC分类号： G01N27/4071 ,  G01N27/4075

摘要： A gas sensing element and method of making are provided. The gas sensing element can comprise calcined inorganic oxides that sequester contaminants in an exhaust stream. The calcined inorganic oxides provide sensors with improved performance, thereby eliminating post-sinter chemical and/or electrical conditioning.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种气体感测元件及其制造方法。 气体传感元件可以包括煅烧的无机氧化物，其螯合排气流中的污染物。 煅烧的无机氧化物提供具有改进性能的传感器，从而消除烧结后化学和/或电气调理。

公开(公告)号：US20070079597A1

公开(公告)日：2007-04-12

申请号：US11451939

申请日：2006-06-13

申请人： Da Wang ,  David Cabush

发明人： Da Wang ,  David Cabush

IPC分类号： F01N3/00

CPC分类号： F01N3/2066 ,  F01N9/00 ,  F01N11/002 ,  F01N11/007 ,  F01N2550/02 ,  F01N2560/02 ,  F01N2560/021 ,  F01N2560/026 ,  F01N2610/02 ,  F01N2900/0408 ,  F02D41/1446 ,  F02D41/1454 ,  Y02T10/24 ,  Y02T10/47

摘要： A system and a method for monitoring operation of an exhaust gas treatment system using an exhaust gas sensor in accordance with an exemplary embodiment is provided. The exhaust gas treatment system has an exhaust pipe configured to receive exhaust gases. The exhaust gas treatment system has an SCR catalyst coupled to the exhaust pipe. The exhaust gas treatment system has a urea delivery system configured to delivery urea upstream of the SCR catalyst. The exhaust gas sensor has an ammonia sensing electrode communicating with exhaust gases downstream of the SCR catalyst. The method includes generating a first output signal utilizing the ammonia sensing electrode, the first output signal being indicative of a first ammonia level. The method further includes generating a second output signal to induce the urea delivery system to deliver a predetermined flow rate of urea upstream of the SCR catalyst. The second output signal is based on the first output signal. The method further includes calculating a first ammonia level range utilizing at least a first engine operating parameter. Finally, the method includes generating a third output signal when the first ammonia level is outside the first ammonia level range. The third output signal indicates at least one of the urea delivery system having degraded operational performance, the SCR catalyst having degraded operational performance, and the exhaust gas sensor having degraded operational performance.

摘要翻译： 提供了根据示例性实施例的用于监测使用排气传感器的废气处理系统的操作的系统和方法。 排气处理系统具有排气管，该排气管构造成接收排气。 排气处理系统具有联接到排气管的SCR催化剂。 排气处理系统具有尿素递送系统，其构造成在SCR催化剂的上游输送尿素。 排气传感器具有与SCR催化剂下游的废气连通的氨感测电极。 该方法包括利用氨检测电极产生第一输出信号，第一输出信号指示第一氨水平。 该方法还包括产生第二输出信号以诱导尿素递送系统在SCR催化剂上游输送预定的尿素流量。 第二输出信号基于第一输出信号。 该方法还包括利用至少第一引擎操作参数来计算第一氨水平范围。 最后，该方法包括当第一氨水平位于第一氨水平范围之外时产生第三输出信号。 第三输出信号表示具有降低的操作性能的尿素递送系统中的至少一个，SCR催化剂具有降低的操作性能，并且排气传感器具有降低的操作性能。

公开(公告)号：US20050012588A1

公开(公告)日：2005-01-20

申请号：US10621140

申请日：2003-07-16

申请人： Michel Sultan ,  Charles Harrington ,  Da Wang

发明人： Michel Sultan ,  Charles Harrington ,  Da Wang

IPC分类号： G01K7/42 ,  H01C3/04

CPC分类号： G01K7/42

摘要： A system and method for determining a temperature including: a temperature sensor including: a substrate resistance configured to be primarily responsive to a temperature of a substrate; and a membrane resistance configured to be primarily responsive to a temperature of a membrane. The substrate resistance and the membrane resistance are arranged in a series circuit configured to facilitate measurement of a voltage responsive to a temperature change. The system also includes a controller in operable communication with the temperature sensor. The method includes: receiving a temperature signal, the temperature signal indicative of a composite temperature variation including a first varying portion and a second varying portion; configuring the temperature signal to eliminate the second varying portion; and generating a temperature value based on the configuring wherein the temperature value is substantially based on the first varying portion.

摘要翻译： 一种用于确定温度的系统和方法，包括：温度传感器，包括：基底电阻，其被配置为主要响应于衬底的温度; 以及构造成主要响应于膜的温度的膜电阻。 衬底电阻和膜电阻被布置成串联电路，其被配置为便于测量响应于温度变化的电压。 该系统还包括与温度传感器可操作地通信的控制器。 该方法包括：接收温度信号，指示包括第一变化部分和第二变化部分的复合温度变化的温度信号; 配置温度信号以消除第二变化部分; 以及基于所述配置产生温度值，其中所述温度值基本上基于所述第一变化部分。

公开(公告)号：US20130308570A1

公开(公告)日：2013-11-21

申请号：US13896448

申请日：2013-05-17

申请人： Xiaodong Xu ,  Xiaofeng Tao ,  Da Wang ,  Qimei Cui ,  Ping Zhang ,  Xin Chen ,  Dezhuang Wu

发明人： Xiaodong Xu ,  Xiaofeng Tao ,  Da Wang ,  Qimei Cui ,  Ping Zhang ,  Xin Chen ,  Dezhuang Wu

IPC分类号： H04B7/02

CPC分类号： H04B7/024 ,  H04J11/0053 ,  H04W72/04 ,  Y02D70/00 ,  Y02D70/1262 ,  Y02D70/1264 ,  Y02D70/442

摘要： The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and provides a method for joint optimization of schedule and resource allocation based on a genetic algorithm, which is applied in a CoMP communication system. The method includes steps of: S1, encoding chromosome; S2, initializing setting; S3, computing fitness value; S4, determining whether the optimal solution is better than an elite: if yes, updating the elite and executing S5, and if no, turning to S5; S5, determining whether a predetermined generation of population has been generated or not, if no, executing S6, otherwise, turning to S8; S6, participating reproduction process to generate two offspring chromosome individuals; S7, determining whether a predetermined number of offspring chromosome individuals have been generated, if yes, turning to S3 to compute again; otherwise keeping on reproduction; S8, performing schedule and resource allocation according to a solution corresponding to the elite. Under the condition of satisfying schedule limitation and power limitation, the method can, by uniting schedule and resource allocation, efficiently optimize system performance with less computing complexity.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及无线通信技术领域，并提供了一种基于遗传算法联合优化调度和资源分配的方法，该方法应用于CoMP通信系统中。 该方法包括以下步骤：S1，编码染色体; S2，初始化设置; S3，计算适应度值; S4，确定最优解是否优于精英：如果是，更新精英并执行S5，如果否，转到S5; S5，确定是否已经生成了预定生成的群体，否则执行S6，否则转到S8; S6，参与繁殖过程产生两个后代染色体个体; S7，确定是否已经生成了预定数量的后代染色体个体，如果是，则转向S3再次计算; 否则继续生殖; S8，根据与精英对应的解决方案执行时间表和资源分配。 在满足时间表限制和功率限制的条件下，该方法可以通过计划和资源分配结合，以较少的计算复杂度有效优化系统性能。