摘要:
An electrode includes a plurality of nested concentric rings forming plenum chambers. Process gas is fed into the plenum chambers through capillary tubes. The gas is then delivered through slits between the rings into a plasma etching reactor.
摘要:
The present invention generally pertains to a system, method and kit for the detection and measurement of spectroscopic properties of light from a sample, or the scalable detection and measurement of spectroscopic properties of light from each sample present among multiple samples, simultaneously, wherein the system comprises: an optical train comprising a dispersing element; and an image sensor. The light detected and measured may comprise light scattered from a sample, emitted as chemiluminescence by a chemical process within a sample, selectively absorbed by a sample, or emitted as fluorescence from a sample following excitation.
摘要:
The present teachings provide for systems, and components thereof, for detecting and/or analyzing light. These systems can include, among others, optical reference standards utilizing luminophores, such as nanocrystals, for calibrating, validating, and/or monitoring light-detection systems, before, during, and/or after sample analysis.
摘要:
An apparatus for quantitation of surface-binding optical resonance profiles includes a calibration module including a calibration scan result fetcher, a calibration profile creation module, and a fitting module. The fitting module includes an experimental scan result fetcher, a calibration profile fetcher, and a resonance shift determination module. A method for qualifying a surface plasmon resonance chip is also described herein.
摘要:
Standardization is achieved for FTIR spectrometric instruments that effect an intrinsic distortion in spectral information, the distortion being associated with an aperture size. An idealized function of spectral line shape is specified. With a small calibration aperture, spectral data is obtained for a basic sample having known "true" spectral data, and standard spectral data also is obtained for a standard sample. With a larger, normal sized aperture, standard spectral data is obtained again for the calibration sample. A transformation factor, that is a function of this data and the standardized function, is applied to spectral data for test samples to effect standardized information. In another embodiment, the standard sample has known true spectral data, and the basic sample is omitted. In either case, the transformation factor is applied to the sample data in logarithm form, the antilogarithm of the result effects the standardized information.
摘要:
A method for determining concentration of an analyte in a sample includes generating a spectrum of a selected analyte and interferents, generating a spectrum of an unknown sample, computing first and second derivatives of the sample spectrum, deriving a matrix model that includes the analyte spectrum and the derivatives, and applying the matrix model to the sample spectrum so as to yield a parameter representing concentration of the selected analyte in the unknown sample. Multiple linear least squares regression is utilized to fit the model and calculate the parameter.
摘要:
A light source for an atomizing device, specifically an atom absorption spectrometer comprising one, two, or more lamps, whose ray can be selected by means of at least one two-dimensionally moveable optical selection element, and which can be directed in the direction of atomizing device. Fine-tuning is thereby achieved quickly with little constructive expenditure and with low costs. A very high degree of accuracy is possible from the selector through a rotational and highly adjustable rotation spindle.
摘要:
In a spectroscopic process a sample for producing a test spectral line or spectrum of at least one component contained in the sample is stimulated and the transmitted and/or emitted electromagnetic rays are used to create the test spectral line or spectrum. In order to improve such a spectroscopic process to such an extent that variations of certain parameters, which alter the shape and/or occurrence of a spectral line, are compensated, a comparison spectral line or spectrum of a known comparison material is produced under substantially the same parameters as the sample. The comparison spectral line or spectrum is compared with an ideal comparison spectral line or spectrum in order to calculate a transfer function, andthe transfer function is applied to the test spectral line or spectrum in order to calculate a corrected test spectral line or spectrum.
摘要:
Systems, and components thereof, for detecting and/or analyzing light. These systems can include, among others, optical reference standards for calibrating, validating, and/or monitoring light-detection systems, before, during, and/or after sample analysis.
摘要:
Constituents such as oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin are monitored non-invasively in an animal organ such as a brain with a spectrometric instrument by passing radiation through the organ. Concentrations are computed from the spectral intensities and from a statistical correlation model. To predetermine the correlation model, the procedures are effected for a plurality of organs of a same type with each organ having established concentrations of the selected constituents, and the correlation model is statistically determined from the concentrations and corresponding intensities. For more accuracy computations are normalized to path length which may be determined by utilizing several discrete wavelengths with RF modulations.