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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US6125829A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-03
申请号：US162858
申请日：1998-09-29
CPC分类号： F02D21/08 , F02D41/005 , F02B3/06 , F02D41/0065 , Y02T10/47
摘要： A method of controlling the exhaust gas recirculation in an internal combustion engine. The operation is improved in the non-steady operating state of the engine by correcting the setpoint value of the exhaust gas recirculation rate for the non-steady operating state.
摘要翻译： 一种控制内燃机中废气再循环的方法。 通过对非稳定运行状态的排气再循环速度的设定值进行校正，能够提高发动机的非稳定运转状态的运转。
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2.发明授权Method for the closed-loop control of the boost pressure of a turbocharged internal combustion engine 失效用于涡轮增压内燃机的增压压力的闭环控制的方法
公开(公告)号：US6067799A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-30
申请号：US220235
申请日：1998-12-23
CPC分类号： F02D41/0007 , Y02T10/144
摘要： The boost pressure in a turbocharged internal combustion engine is regulated by closed-loop control. A current performance graph value u(k), corresponding to a desired boost pressure, is determined from a speed/load-dependent performance graph. After that, the current performance graph value u(k) is compared with a previous performance graph value u(k-1). If the current performance graph value u(k) is greater than or equal to the previous performance graph value u(k-1), then the current performance graph value u(k) is transmitted as the process parameter x(k). Conversely, if the current performance graph value u(k) is less than the previous performance graph value u(k-1), then the current performance graph value u(k) is filtered by a PT.sub.2 member after an idle time elapses and is transmitted as the process parameter x(k).
摘要翻译： 涡轮增压内燃机的增压压力由闭环控制来调节。 根据速度/负载相关的性能图确定对应于期望的增压压力的当前性能图值u（k）。 之后，将当前性能图值u（k）与先前的性能图值u（k-1）进行比较。 如果当前性能图值u（k）大于或等于先前的性能曲线图值u（k-1），那么当前的性能图值u（k）被作为过程参数x（k）被发送。 相反，如果当前的性能图值u（k）小于先前的性能图值u（k-1），那么在空闲时间过去之后，当前性能图值u（k）被PT2成员过滤，并且是 作为过程参数x（k）发送。
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公开(公告)号：US07096111B2
公开(公告)日：2006-08-22
申请号：US10808900
申请日：2004-03-25
CPC分类号： F02D41/38 , F02D2200/1004 , F02D2250/18 , F02D2250/26 , F02D2250/38
摘要： With a method for converting a fuel quantity (MF) into a torque (TQ) in an internal combustion engine, the efficiency (H) of the internal combustion engine is determined at the current operating point prior to the conversion as the ratio of actual torque (TQ) and actual fuel quantity (MF), and the required torque (MF) is determined from the efficiency (H) and the fuel quantity (MF).
摘要翻译： 利用将燃料量（MF）转换为内燃机中的转矩（TQ）的方法，在转换前的当前工作点确定内燃机的效率（H），因为实际转矩 （TQ）和实际燃料量（MF），根据效率（H）和燃料量（MF）确定所需扭矩（MF）。
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公开(公告)号：US08053213B2
公开(公告)日：2011-11-08
申请号：US12876320
申请日：2010-09-07
申请人： Christian Birkner
发明人： Christian Birkner
CPC分类号： C12Q1/686 , C12Q2565/125 , C12Q2563/173 , C12Q2561/113
摘要： Disclosed is a method for analyzing nucleic acids in a sample comprising the following steps: (i) adding a DNA binding dye containing a benzothiazolium or benzoxazolium group to the sample to be analyzed, (ii) carrying out a polymerase chain reaction, (iii) applying the sample to a gel matrix, (iv) separating the nucleic acid molecules according to their size by applying a voltage and (v) excitation with light of a suitable wavelength for the optical visualization of the nucleic acid/DNA binding dye complexes.
摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种分析样品中的核酸的方法，包括以下步骤：（i）向待分析的样品中加入含有苯并噻唑鎓或苯并恶唑鎓基团的DNA结合染料，（ii）进行聚合酶链式反应，（iii） 将样品施加到凝胶基质上，（iv）通过施加电压和（v）用适当波长的光激发核酸/ DNA结合染料复合物的光学可视化，根据其大小分离核酸分子。
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公开(公告)号：US20090012285A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-08
申请号：US12105381
申请日：2008-04-18
申请人： Christian Birkner
发明人： Christian Birkner
CPC分类号： C12N15/1006
摘要： Biscationic organic compounds are disclosed which promote adsorption of nucleic acids from an aqueous solution to a solid phase such as silica. Adsorption takes place under low salt conditions. Further disclosed are methods and kits suitable for nucleic acid isolation from aqueous solutions.
摘要翻译： 揭示了一种促进核酸从水溶液吸附到固相如二氧化硅的杂质有机化合物。 吸附在低盐条件下进行。 还公开了适用于从水溶液中分离核酸的方法和试剂盒。
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公开(公告)号：US20080319182A1
公开(公告)日：2008-12-25
申请号：US12105556
申请日：2008-04-18
CPC分类号： C12N15/1006
摘要： Disclosed are water-soluble ionic liquids suitable for promoting adsorption of nucleic acids to a solid phase. The use thereof, particularly methods for the isolation of nucleic acids from an aqueous solution, as well as kits for performing those methods are disclosed.
摘要翻译： 公开了适用于促进核酸吸附到固相的水溶性离子液体。 公开了其用途，特别是用于从水溶液中分离核酸的方法，以及用于实施这些方法的试剂盒。
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7.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07451740B2
公开(公告)日：2008-11-18
申请号：US11775046
申请日：2007-07-09
申请人： Christian Birkner , Joris Fokkelman , Karl Müller
发明人： Christian Birkner , Joris Fokkelman , Karl Müller
IPC分类号： F02D41/00
CPC分类号： F02D41/123 , F02D41/0005 , F02D41/008 , F02D41/1497 , Y02T10/42
摘要： In an adaptation method of an internal combustion engine for optimized combustion, the actually supplied cylinder-specific air masses are determined by determining the change in speed of the internal combustion engine within a thrust phase and by assigning these changes in speed to the cylinder-specific compression phases 20. This enables the fuel quantity to be injected to be more precisely adjusted to the cylinder-specific air mass available.
摘要翻译： 在用于优化燃烧的内燃机的适应方法中，实际提供的气缸特定空气质量是通过确定内燃机在推力阶段内的速度变化来确定的，并且通过将这些速度变化分配给气缸专用 压缩阶段20。 这使燃料量能够被更精确地调节到可用的气缸特定空气质量。
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公开(公告)号：US20070190530A1
公开(公告)日：2007-08-16
申请号：US10573215
申请日：2004-12-01
CPC分类号： C07H21/00 , C12Q1/6827 , C12Q2527/125 , C12Q2523/125
摘要： The invention is related to the detection of a methylated cytosine in a nucleic acid wherein guanidinium hydrogen sulfite is used for the preparation of a solution containing guanidinium ions and sulfite ions and subsequent modification of the nucleic acid. Thereby, a non-methylated cytosine is converted to uracil. The invention further discloses kits for performing the methods of the invention.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及检测核酸中的甲基化胞嘧啶，其中将亚硫酸氢胍用于制备含有胍离子和亚硫酸根离子的溶液，随后改变核酸。 由此，将非甲基化胞嘧啶转化为尿嘧啶。 本发明还公开了用于执行本发明方法的套件。
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公开(公告)号：US20050267670A1
公开(公告)日：2005-12-01
申请号：US11142614
申请日：2005-06-01
CPC分类号： F01N11/002 , B01D46/0086 , B01D46/446 , F01N9/002 , F01N9/005 , F01N11/005 , F01N2560/06 , F01N2560/08 , F02D41/029 , F02D41/1446 , F02D41/1448 , F02D41/221 , F02D2200/0812 , Y02T10/47
摘要： A particle filter is monitored with a sequence of steps. A pressure loss at the particle filter is measured. The volumetric flow of exhaust gas is acquired and a filter load value is calculated from the pressure loss and the volumetric flow of exhaust gas. The filter load value is recorded as a function of a drive parameter and the filter load value is differentiated with respect to the drive parameter. The differentiation of the filter load allows a particle filter breakdown to be deduced when the differentiation is less than or equal to zero.
摘要翻译： 用一系列步骤监测颗粒过滤器。 测量颗粒过滤器处的压力损失。 获取排气的体积流量，并根据压力损失和废气的体积流量计算过滤器负荷值。 过滤器负载值作为驱动参数的函数进行记录，滤波器负载值相对于驱动参数进行微分。 滤波器负载的区分允许当微分小于或等于零时推导出粒子滤波器击穿。
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公开(公告)号：US06830802B2
公开(公告)日：2004-12-14
申请号：US10302355
申请日：2002-11-22
申请人： Niels Graae , Christian Birkner
发明人： Niels Graae , Christian Birkner
IPC分类号： C08L9500
CPC分类号： B32B11/04 , B32B3/14 , B32B2395/00 , B32B2419/06 , D06N5/00 , E04D5/12 , E04D13/17 , Y10T428/24355 , Y10T428/24372 , Y10T428/24405 , Y10T428/2443 , Y10T428/31815
摘要： A roofing membrane, includes at least one support layer and a plurality of strips arranged in spaced-apart disposition at least on one side of the support layer and made of bituminous material and have a penetration depth between about 120 and 170 at a temperature of 50° C., and a softening point between about 100° C. and 110° C. The strips of bituminous material are separated from one another by a layer of scattered material and are covered by a fusible film. The film is composed of a plurality of strips which are oriented in parallel relationship to the bituminous strips but not interconnected.
摘要翻译： 顶盖膜包括至少一个支撑层和多个条带，其布置成间隔布置在支撑层的至少一侧上并由沥青材料制成，并且在50℃的温度下具有介于约120和170之间的穿透深度 ℃，软化点在约100℃和110℃之间。沥青材料条通过一层分散的材料彼此分离，并被可熔膜覆盖。 该膜由多个条带组成，这些条带与烟煤条平行地定向但不相互连接。
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